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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 53 (1982), S. 213-215 
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A 38-year old woman with a bipolar affective disorder was examined for 10 days during a serious retarded depression phase and for 10 days during the subsequent symptom-free interval. During depression the MHPG-excretion showed a significantly shorter circadian periodicity of 20.5 hours, whereas the periodicity of body temperature and VMA amounted to 24 hours. During the symptom-free interval the circadian periodicity of all parameters was 24 hours. These results indicate that the depression phase of a bipolar affective disorder in this patient is related to a desynchronization of central NA function with peripheral NA activity and body temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 71 (2000), S. 30-37 
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Akathisie ; Differenzialdiagnostik ; Bewegungsstörungen ; Aktivierungsaufgaben ; Key words Akathisia ; Differential diagnosis ; Movement disorders ; Activation procedures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In this study, we investigated experimentally the effects of different activation procedures on both motor and psychic symptoms in of 11 in-patients with acute neuroleptic-induced akathisia using the Hillside and Barnes akathisia rating scales and videotape rating technique. Motor activation was achieved by finger tapping. Cognitive activation tasks consisted of sequences of mental calculations which were designed either to be easy to perform or to produce stress due to a given time limit or to more difficult calculation operations, respectively. Motor as well as psychic symptoms of akathisia decreased during both motor and simple cognitive activation without stress. By contrast, stress-producing calculation tasks led to an increase in motor and psychic symptoms immediately following the task performance. These possibly specific effects of activation procedures on symptoms might be useful in differentiating acute neuroleptic-induced akathisia from other neuroleptic-induced and extrapyramidal movement disorders.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In dieser Studie wurden die Wirkungen verschiedener Aktivierungstests auf die motorische und psychische Symptomatik der akuten neuroleptikainduzierten Akathisie an 11 Patienten unter Verwendung der Hillside- und Barnes-Akathisie-Skalen sowie der Videotape Rating Technique experimentell untersucht. Zur motorischen Aktivierung wurde Finger-Tapping eingesetzt. Die kognitive Aktivierung bestand in sequenziellem Kopfrechnen, wobei unterschieden wurde zwischen einerseits nur geringfügig und andererseits stärker stressevozierenden Aufgaben, und zwar durch den Einsatz von Zeitdruck bzw. einen hohen Schwierigkeitsgrad der betreffenden Rechenoperationen. Motorische und gering belastende kognitive Aktivierung reduzierte sowohl motorische als auch psychische Symptome der Akathisie statistisch signifikant. Dagegen führte zusätzliche Stressinduktion im Rahmen der kognitiven Aktivierung zu einer Aufhebung dieses Effekts sowie zu einer Zunahme motorischer wie auch psychischer Symptome unmittelbar nach Beendigung der Aktivierungsaufgabe. Diese möglicherweise spezifischen Wirkungen von Aktivierungstests auf die Symptomatik könnten bei der differenzialdiagnostischen Abgrenzung der akuten neuroleptikainduzierten Akathisie von anderen neuroleptikainduzierten und extrapyramidalen Bewegungsstörungen nützlich sein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Narkolepsie ; Kataplexie ; REM-Onset ; DQB1*0602 ; DQA1*0102 ; Epidemiologie ; Keywords Narcolepsy ; Cataplexy ; REM onset ; DQB1*0602 ; DQA1*0102 ; Epidemiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The signs of narcolepsy have been known since the last century and the tetrad of symptoms was described 50 years ago: excessive sleepiness, cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hallucinations. Polysomnography typically shows decreased sleep and REM sleep latency, and laboratory testing reveals a high association with the human leucocyte antigens (HLA) DQB1*0602 and DQA1*102. Acute studies suggest disturbances in the orexin (hypocretin) neurotransmitter system. However, the exact pathophysiology is still unclear. In Germany, about 1500 patients diagnosed with narcolepsy are known. The prevalence in Caucasian populations is estimated at 50/100,000. Thus, the number of undiagnosed patients is likely to be high.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Merkmale der Narkolepsie sind seit dem letzten Jahrhundert bekannt, die Tetrade der Zeichen wurde zuerst in den 50er Jahren beschrieben: ausgeprägte Tagesmüdigkeit, Kataplexien, Schlafparalyse und einschlaf- oder aufwachbezogene Halluzinationen. Polysomnographisch sind eine verkürzte Einschlaf- und REM-Latenz typisch, labordiagnostisch das menschliche Leukozyten-Antigen (HLA) in DQB1*0602 und DQA1*0102. Die exakte Pathophysiologie ist unbekannt, jedoch deuten neuere Studien auf Störungen im Orexin(Hypokretin)-Neurotransmittersystem hin. Man kennt etwa 1.500 Patienten in Deutschland mit Narkolepsie. Die Prävalenzrate in kaukasischen Populationen wird mit ca. 50/100.000 angegeben, so dass eine hohe Dunkelziffer vermutet wird.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 70 (1999), S. 650-656 
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Wohnungslose Männer ; Ursachen der Wohnungslosigkeit ; Psychiatrische Erkrankungen ; Soziale Isolierung ; Key words Homeless men ; Causes of homelessness ; Psychiatric disorders ; Social isolation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In a current field-study a sample of 71 homeless men (mean age 35,4 years) was investigated with a semi-standardized interview. Sociodemographically, a low education level, a high unemployment rate and low income were noted. The income was gained mainly through regular social welfare support. Mostly unmarried and without children, the participants seldom lived in a stable partnership during their life. Psychosocial conflicts (59,2%) were one of the most important causes for homelessness at an average age of 28,1 years. Interpersonal conflicts, release from jail and loss of job were the most frequently reported causes of current homelessness. 42,3% had been treated in psychiatric hospitals in the past, the majority because of alcoholism. In summary the current findings indicate that homeless men experience social isolation early during their maturation and that the frequency of psychiatric disorders is high.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In einer Feldstudie wurden 71 wohnungslose Männer im mittleren Alter von 34,5 Jahren mit einem halbstandardisierten Interview untersucht. Soziodemographisch fallen niedriger Schulabschluß (47,9% erreichten den Hauptschulabschluß, 18,3% verließen die Schule ohne Abschluß), hohe Arbeitslosigkeit und geringes Einkommen auf. Haupteinnahmequelle waren regelmäßige staatliche Hilfen. Die meist unverheirateten und kinderlosen Probanden führten selten in ihrem Leben eine längerdauernde Partnerschaft. Psychosoziale Konflikte (59,2%) wurden am häufigsten als Ursache für das Hineingeraten in Wohnungslosigkeit genannt. Hier betrug das Durchschnittsalter 28,1 Jahre. Neben interpersonellen Konflikten waren Entlassung aus dem Gefängnis und Arbeitslosigkeit die erstgenannten Ursachen der aktuellen Phase der Wohnungslosigkeit. 42,3% berichteten von psychiatrischen Kliniksaufenthalten, v.a. im Zusammenhang mit Alkoholabusus. Die erhobenen Befunde weisen darauf hin, daß wohnungslose Männer frühzeitig in ihrer biographischen Entwicklung in soziale Isolation geraten und der Anteil an psychiatrischer Morbidität hoch ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 122 (1995), S. 182-186 
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Catatonic syndrome ; Lorazepam ; Plasma, HVA ; Anxiety ; Movements
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Therapeutic response to lorazepam and dopaminergic metabolism were investigated in 18 neuroleptically naive acute catatonic patients. They were diagnosed as catatonic according to criteria by Lohr and Rosebush and treated exclusively with lorazepam (2–4 mg) during the first 24 h. Dopaminergic metabolism (plasma HVA, plasma MHPG), anxiety (HAM-A) and parkinsonic/dyskinetic movements (SEPS, AIMS) were measured under standard conditions before initial treatment with lorazepam (day 0) and 24 h after initial treatment (day 1). On day 0 responders to lorazepam treatment (complete remission of catatonic syndrome after 24 h according to Rosebush and Lohr) showed significantly higher (P=0.004) plasma HVA (130.4±51.2 pmol/ml; means ± SD) than non-responders (no remission of catatonic syndrome after 24 h; 73.2±40.5 pmol/ml; means ± SD). On day 1 plasma HVA did not differ any more significantly between both groups Clinically, responders showed significantly higher HAM-A (P=0.025) and AIMS (P=0.022) scores as well as significantly lower SEPS (P=0.049) scores than non-responders on day 0. Hence catatonic short-term responders and non-responders to lorazepam can be distinguished with regard to plasma HVA, anxiety and dyskinetic/parkinsonic movements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 229 (1980), S. 127-143 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Endogenous depression ; Body temperature ; Circadian rhythm ; Applied signal processin ; Endogene Depression ; Körpertemperatur ; Circadianer Rhythmus ; Zeitreihenanalyse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In Langzeitstudien bei drei endogen-depressiven Patientinnen wurde der circadiane Verlauf der Körpertemperatur während der Depression, im beschwerdefreien Intervall und während einer manischen Episode untersucht. Die Daten wurden zu bestimmten Tageszeiten von den Patientinnen selbst erhoben mittels oraler Temperaturmessung. Die mathematische Analyse erfolgte mit Methoden der digitalen Signalverarbeitung durch das interaktive Computerprogrammsystem TIMESDIA und zeigt folgende Ergebnisse: Eine Periodenlänge von 24h wird unabhängig von der Befindlichkeit eingehalten. Während der Depression und während der Manie fand sich jedoch eine erhöhte Variabilität der Tagesgänge, die durch Phasenwinkeländerungen von höheren Harmonischen der Grundfrequenz zustande kommt.
    Notes: Summary In long term studies on three endogenous depressive female patients, the circadian course of body temperature has been observed during depressive and manic episodes as well as during the intervals. The patients measured their oral temperature regularly, several times a day. The mathematical analysis, carried out with methods of digital signal processing using an interactive computer program system TIMESDIA, showed the following results: A period length of 24 h, independent on the state of mood. During depression and during mania, however, a greater variability of the daily temperature pattern was found, which resulted from changes of the phase relationship of higher harmonics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 225 (1978), S. 173-177 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Sleep deprivation ; Depression ; Duration of episodes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Out of 102 patients suffering from endogenous depression, it was possible to ascertain the duration of episodes in the case of 60 patients. Intraindividual comparisons among patients with unipolar depression show that sleep deprivation therapy causes a tendency to shorter depressive episodes. This tendency is related to the time of application of sleep deprivation: the sooner sleep deprivation is applied within an episode, the better the effect. Younger patients react better than older ones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 149 (1991), S. 536-543 
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The mitogenicity of germ cell proteins released from round spermatids (RS) and pachytene spermatocytes (PS) was investigated. Germ cells were isolated by centrifugal elutriation from 90-day-old rat testes and incubated in a supplement enriched culture media that lacked exogenous proteins. The conditioned culture media of RS and PS were dialysed/concentrated and lyophilized to prepare RS protein (RSP) and PS protein (PSP). Mitogenic activity of RSP and PSP was determined by 3H-thymidine incorporation into Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts. RSP and PSP stimulated 3H-thymidine incorporation by fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner. At a higher concentration of RSP (300 μg/ml), fibroblast proliferation was stimulated from 6- to 20-fold of control cultures, whereas PSP (300 μg/ml) stimulated fibroblast proliferation 2.5-fold of control cultures. Since RSP exhibited substantially greater mitogenic activity than PSP we further investigated the RSP mitogenic substance(s) by immunoneutralization with antibodies against several growth factors. The mitogenic activity of RSP was significantly reduced by treatment with nerve growth factor (NGF) antibody, while neither the treatment of RSP with acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) antibody, nor basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) antibody significantly modified the mitogenic activity of RSP. Interestingly, murine NGF-β, recombinant human NGF-β, and bovine serum albumin (BSA) did not exhibit mitogenic activity on 3T3 fibroblasts. Nevertheless, the presence of a NGF-like protein in RS and PS was confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence staining with a murine NGF antibody. Subsequently, a Western blot analysis with the NGF antibody identified two immunoreactive bands of 41 ± 2 kDa and 51 ± 1 kDa in both RSP and PSP under reduced conditions. These germ cell NGF-like proteins were apparently different from similarly prepared murine and human NGFs (13 kDa) in their molecular weight. Furthermore, neurite outgrowth from pheochromocytoma cells (PC-12), a functional bioassay for NGF-like activity, was stimulated by addition of RSP and PSP to the culture media of the PC-12 cells. These results demonstrate mitogenic activity in germ cell proteins (RSP and PSP) and identify a NGF-like protein(s) which is associated with most of this activity.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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