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  • 1
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    Development and Validation of Self-Scoring Test for Coronary Heart Disease Risk (1983)
    New York, N.Y. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of community health. 9:1 (1983:Fall) 65 
    Details
    ISSN: 0094-5145
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: RESEARCH REPORTS
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:q628-1983-009-01-000006
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  • 2
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    Worksite Health Promotion in Four Midwest Cities (1991)
    New York, N.Y. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of community health. 16:3 (1991:June) 169 
    Details
    ISSN: 0094-5145
    Topics: Medicine
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:q628-1991-016-03-000006
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationships among Type A behavior, employment experiences, and gender: The Minnesota heart survey (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of behavioral medicine 10 (1987), S. 323-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3521
    Keywords: coronary-prone personality ; employment ; sex ; Type A personality ; work
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Previous studies indicate that Type A behavior is more prevalent among men than women. This sex difference may reflect variations in men's and women's job experiences, some of which may act as catalysts for Type A behavior. This study examines the relationship of Type A behavior (measured by the Jenkins Activity Survey) to men's and women's work hours, occupational mobility, and job-related interactions, using data from a population-based survey of 2512 employed men and women conducted in Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota, between 1980 and 1982. Among both sexes, Type A behavior is related to long work hours, high occupational mobility, and nonsupportive interactions with co-workers, all job experiences more common for men than for women. No sex differences are found in the relationships between Type A behavior and these job experiences. Also, no sex difference is observed in the unadjusted Type A scores or in these scores when either age, education, or marital status is taken into account. The expected direction of the sex difference in Type A behavior is reversed when work hours are controlled: women have a higher Type A score than men when work hours are considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00846473
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Five- and six-year follow-up results from four seventh-grade smoking prevention strategies (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of behavioral medicine 12 (1989), S. 207-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3521
    Keywords: adolescent ; smoking ; prevention ; follow-up
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Seven thousand one hundred twenty-four members of the Classes of 1985 and 1986 who had participated as seventh graders in one of several smoking prevention programs were tracked and surveyed for smoking habits at 5- and 6-year follow-up: participation exceeded 90% in both cohorts. These data indicated that participants who received seventh-grade interventions based on the social influences model had similar smoking patterns compared to participants in other conditions. This finding supports the call for booster sessions after the initial seventh-grade intervention program. Future follow-up studies will assess whether the earlier benefits associated with the social influences model will translate into measurable differences in adult smoking patterns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00846551
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nutrition education in supermarkets: An unsuccessful attempt to influence knowledge and product sales (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of behavioral medicine 5 (1982), S. 189-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3521
    Keywords: supermarket ; cardiovascular risk reduction ; nutrition education
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Although much evidence links dietary patterns with coronary heart disease, effective and economical methods for inducing dietary change in nonclinical populations are needed to influence public health. This study was designed as a preliminary investigation of the feasibility of conducting effective nutrition education campaigns in supermarket settings. Eight supermarkets from a supermarket chain in the Twin Cities area participated. Four were assigned to an experimental condition in which educational materials consisting of posters, recipes, and brochures were placed in the dairy section during a 6-month period. Four other stores were assigned to a control condition and received no educational materials. Shoppers in experimental and control stores completed a nutrition survey pre- and post-intervention. In addition, sales data for 25 dairy products were collected during a 10-month period. A significant increase in knowledge on the nutrition survey between pre- and posttests occurred among shoppers in all stores. There was no significant knowledge or product sales effect due to the education campaign. Study results suggest that, overall, shopper knowledge of food selections for cardiovascular disease risk reduction is high and improving. Unfortunately, knowledge is often not reflected in food purchase patterns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00844808
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Type A behavior and its association with cardiovascular disease prevalence in Blacks and Whites: The Minnesota heart survey (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of behavioral medicine 13 (1990), S. 1-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3521
    Keywords: Black Americans ; cardiovascular disease ; Jenkins Activity Survey ; prevalence ; Type A pattern
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Population-based surveys were conducted in 1985 and 1986 to measure the prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) history and risk factors in Black and White adults. Type A behavior was measured by the Jenkins Activity Survey (JAS). JAS scores were associated with age (negatively), education (positively), and sex (men〉women) but were largely unrelated to CHD risk factors. Blacks had significantly lower age- and education-adjusted Type A and component scores than Whites, more so formen than women. Univariate analysis indicated that a history of angina and/or heart attack was positively associated with the Type A score in both Blacks and Whites. Following adjustment for known cardiovascular risk factors, Type A score remained positively and significantly associated with CHD prevalence. These findings are consistent with other cross-sectional studies and suggest that Type A behavior, as measured by the JAS, may increase the risk of CHD in both Blacks and Whites. Follow-up of these cohorts may help to clarify the complex relationship of Type A behavior to the risk of CHD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00844896
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allometric scaling in the postcanine dentition with reference to primate diets (1978)
    Springer
    Primates 19 (1978), S. 583-591 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-8332
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Allometric analysis of maxillary postcanine tooth area (Y) compared to adult skull length (X) in 34 species of higher primates has revealed a very close relationship. The derived least squares equation is logY=2.223 logX−2.311 with a correlation coefficient of .98. The value of 2.223 for the allometric coefficient suggests that tooth area may be in part related to the amount of food ingested. Although most of the species examined fit this equation very closely, several could be identified as being slightly deviant. In general, the direction of this deviance can be related to known dietary preferences. Relatively large molars are found in leaf-eaters (Alouatta, Presbytis, Colobus) and in the grass and seed eatingTheropithecus. Relatively small molars are found in primates with insectivorous preferences (Cebuella, Callithrix, Saguinus, andSaimiri) and in one frugivore (Ateles). The suggestion is made that the amount of mastication required by the preferred food is one factor in determining the most adaptive tooth size.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02373318
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Four- and five-year follow-up results from four seventh-grade smoking prevention strategies (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of behavioral medicine 11 (1988), S. 395-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3521
    Keywords: adolescent ; smoking ; prevention
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Recent studies have suggested that a prevention program that addresses the social influences that encourage smoking can be effective in deterring cigarette use by adolescents. This study presents 4- and 5-year follow-up results from two studies which evaluated three variations of this social influences model and compared them to a health consequences program and an existing-curriculum condition. The results suggest that a seventh-grade program, built around the social influences model and taught jointly by same-age peer leaders and local classroom teachers, may reduce 4-year weekly- and daily-smoking cumulative incidence rates, providing the first evidence for any long-term effects for the social influences model. However, the results also suggest that any long-term effects from such interventions are probably limited and may depend heavily on the manner in which the social influences model is translated during the intervention. Additional follow-up studies are needed to clarify the long-term effects of these intervention programs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00844938
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Worksite health promotion in four Midwest cities (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of community health 16 (1991), S. 169-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3610
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A survey of worksite health promotion activities in nine areas of health was conducted in four Midwest cities—Winona and St. Cloud, MN; Eau Claire, WI and Sioux Falls, SD to determine how many worksites are involved in these activities; how many different kinds of programs they offer; and whether or not worksite involvement is growing in these areas of health. All worksites with over 100 employees were surveyed with a completion rate of 96% for eligible worksites. Comparing program offerings at worksites with such offerings by other community providers, we find worksites provide 40% of the total of such programs to adults. They tend to operate most programs independently of other community providers. Exercise and smoking cessation programs are most commonly offered. Worksites in the four communities significantly differed in the number of exercise program options offered and in the prevalence of worksite involvement in home, personal and drivers' safety programs. Compared to national survey results, worksites in these Midwest cities show a lower level of participation in heart disease and cancer screening activities. There is a high rate of dropout among current providers of heart disease screening activities and few nonproviders are initiating programs. Program initiation among nonproviders is highest in smoking cessation, weight loss and nutrition. Program growth among current providers is high in the areas of chemical dependency, exercise and personal, home and drivers' safety.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01323975
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development and validation of a self-scoring test for coronary heart disease risk (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of community health 9 (1983), S. 65-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3610
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Self-administered tests to assess an individual's coronary heart disease risk are common in the popular press. However, delusion and inaccuracy in self-scoring may impair their utility as educational tools. Self-assessment questions concerning dietary cholesterol, weight, cigarette smoking, and blood pressure were administered several days prior to risk measurement to 246 randomly selected adults aged twenty-five to sixty-four. A standard risk score combining measured blood pressure, cigarette smoking on blood cholesterol level was calculated for each participant using a multiple logistic equation. The self-scoring test was derived by multiple regression, using the standard risk score as the dependent variables and the self-assessment responses, age, and sex as independent variables. The multiple R2 of the resulting equation was 0.48. For 86 percent of the participants, the decile of self-assessed risk was within two deciles of the decile of risk calculated from logistic equation. We tested the validity of the self-scoring test in a separate and independent population (n-247) with comparable results. We conclude that the test indicated risk status and sources of elevated risk for many individuals. Such a test can be a valid health education tool.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01318934
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