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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Procedural Justice Judgments of Alternative Procedures for Resolving Medical Malpractice Claims (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of applied social psychology 23 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1559-1816
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Psychologie
    Notizen: Procedural justice theorists Thibaut and Walker (1978) asserted that the Anglo-American adversary process is the most ideal for resolving disputes involving high conflict of interest. Sheppard (1985) asserted that this claim may be premature and argued for the investigation of more complex litigation models in procedural justice research. This survey study examined the procedural justice attributes of five litigation procedures for resolving medical malpractice claims. Three groups of subjects (psychology undergraduates, N= 87; first-year law students, N= 88; and jury venire persons, N= 65) read written descriptions of the Anglo-American adversary model, the inquisitorial model, and three hybrid procedures that combine some features of these two basic models. Subjects then rated each model on six procedural justice attributes. Analyses focused on ratings of the adversary model as compared to the three hybrid models. Results indicated that the adversary model was consistently rated higher than the hybrid models on only one procedural justice measure, voice. On the remaining procedural justice measures, the hybrid models were comparable to, and frequently rated higher than, the adversary model. The results are supportive of Sheppard's plea that researchers investigate more complex procedural models, and the findings are considered in light of Lind and Tyler's (1988) plea for the development of hybrid procedures that may optimize both subjective and objective procedural justice outcomes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1993.tb01059.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of state organizational structure and forensic examiner training on pretrial competence assessments (1999)
    Springer
    The journal of behavioral health services & research 26 (1999), S. 140-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1556-3308
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Psychologie
    Notizen: Abstract States differ widely in their delivery of pretrial forensic evaluation services, in terms of organizational structure and training requirements of forensic examiners. It was hypothesized that defendants adjudicated incompetent to proceed in states using community-based, private-practitioner systems would show less impairment on a competence assessment measure, the MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool-Criminal Adjudication (MacCAT-CA), than defendants adjudicated incompetent in states using traditional, inpatient systems. It also was hypothesized that mean MacCAT-CA scores for incompetent defendants from states requiring forensic training/certification would be lower than for defendants from states lacking such requirements. Results indicated significant differences across the four types of service delivery systems examined. However, planned comparisons revealed no differences between a state using a traditional, inpatient model and a state employing a community-based, private-practitioner model. Analyses examining the effects of mandatory forensic training failed to support the hypothesis that training requirements result in the adoption of higher thresholds for determining incompetence.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02287487
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Procedural preferences, perceptions of fairness, and compliance with outcomes (1994)
    Springer
    Law and human behavior 18 (1994), S. 361-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-661X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Psychologie , Rechtswissenschaft
    Notizen: Abstract Mental health professionals (N=198) read a vignette describing malpractice case and were asked to imagine themselves in the role of defendant. Using a between-subjects design, each subject was offered two possible trial procedures for resolving the case, the standard adversary procedure (ADVERS) and one of five possible hybrid procedures. Using scales that juxtaposed these two procedures, subjects provided judgments on 12 procedural justice dimensions. A series of regression analyses examined the most important determinants of PREFERENCE judgments, FAIRNESS ratings, and ratings of imagined COMPLIANCE with trial outcomes. PREFERENCE raings were significantly influenced by perceived FAIRNESS of the procedures and by OUTCOME CONTROL. Perceived ACCURACY of the available trial procedures contributed most of the unique variance explained for dependent measures of FAIRNESS AND COMPLIANCE. Results are discussed in terms of the procedural justice attributes of alternatives to the standard adversary process for resolving medical malpractice cases.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01499045
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Client abilities to assist counsel and make decisions in criminal cases (1994)
    Springer
    Law and human behavior 18 (1994), S. 437-452 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-661X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Psychologie , Rechtswissenschaft
    Notizen: Abstract Three studies of attorney-client decision making were conducted in a public defender office. In studies 1 and 2 a structured interview was used to debrief attorneys regarding clients' participation in their cases. Study 1 examined a sample of 200 felony and misdemeanor cases selected prospectively and resolved by any means (92.5% by plea); study 2 examined 200 felony and misdemeanor cases resolved by trial. Study 3 involved debriefing both attroneys and clients regarding perceptions of client participation in 35 recently closed felony cases. Attorneys doubted the competence of 8%–15% of clients charged with felonies and 3%–8% of clients charged with misdemeanors. In cases involving clients of doubted competence, attorneys often responded by means other than referral to mental health professionals for competence evaluations. As compared with clients whose competence was presumed, attorneys tended to view clients whose competence was doubted as less helpful and as less actively involved in their cases, but as actively involved in making key decisions. Defendants' perceptions appeared to be roughly consistent with attorneys' perceptions, allaying concerns that attorneys' reports may be distorted in order to conform to expected norms.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01499049
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Concerning reform in expert testimony (1982)
    Springer
    Law and human behavior 6 (1982), S. 39-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-661X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Psychologie , Rechtswissenschaft
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01049312
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    In the wake of a negligent release law suit (1992)
    Springer
    Law and human behavior 16 (1992), S. 155-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-661X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Psychologie , Rechtswissenschaft
    Notizen: Abstract Several staff members at a state psychiatric hospital were found negligent in a jury trial for having released a psychiatric patient who subsequently killed a member of the plaintiff's family. This study explored the impact of the law suit on the hospital staff members as individuals and on the functioning of the institution. Self-report measures revealed that both named defendants and nondefendant staff experienced symptoms of emotional disturbance associated with the litigation. Self-report measures suggest that the law suit was not instructive in any meaningful way regarding improved procedures for subsequent release decision making. Archival data indicate that the staff did release significantly fewer patients during the trial and follow-up period than prior to the litigation. Results are discussed in the context of Wexler's concept of therapeutic jurisprudence.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01044795
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Psychiatric expertise in civil commitment: Training attorneys to cope with expert testimony (1978)
    Springer
    Law and human behavior 2 (1978), S. 1-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-661X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Psychologie , Rechtswissenschaft
    Notizen: Abstract The learned treatise approach to challenging the psychiatric expert witness in civil commitment proceedings was investigated in the present study. An Ad Litem's Handbook, modeled after Ziskin (1975), was written and distributed to a group of attorneys who also received workshop training in aggressively defending the proposed patients at civil commitment hearings. TheseTRAINED attorneys were compared with control groups of attorneys not receiving the training intervention in terms of trial tactics, cross-examination profiles, and other courtroom behaviors in order to assess the impact of such training and the impact of the learned treatise approach in civil commitment hearings. Results indicated that, in spite of explicit endorsement of such tactics by the court,TRAINED attorneys did not alter their courtroom behaviors significantly in directions suggested by the special training and, like their untrained counterparts, did not aggressively challenge the psychiatric expert whose testimony argued for commitment of their clients.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01047498
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mock Defendants' Procedural Justice Judgments of Alternative Trial Procedures in a Medical Malpractice Case (1997)
    Springer
    Law and human behavior 21 (1997), S. 257-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-661X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Psychologie , Rechtswissenschaft
    Notizen: Abstract Mental health professionals were asked to imagine themselves in the role of defendant in a medical malpractice case. Each participant was told that their case could be tried according to standard adversary trial procedures or by an alternative procedure. The alternative procedures involved either varying the way that expert testimony would be developed or bifurcation of issues at trial. Participants rated the available alternative procedure relative to the ADVERS procedure in terms of preference, fairness, willingness to comply with trial outcomes, and other procedural justice dimensions. Results indicated a strong endorsement of potential alternatives to the standard adversarial trial process for resolving medical malpractice claims.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1024886631151
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Erratum (1981)
    Springer
    Law and human behavior 5 (1981), S. 101-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-661X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Psychologie , Rechtswissenschaft
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01048576
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Behavior modification, brainwashing, religion, and the law (1978)
    Springer
    Journal of religion and health 17 (1978), S. 238-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6571
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Theologie und Religionswissenschaft
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01532859
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