Library

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhancement of cocaine's abuse liability in methadone maintenance patients (1996)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 123 (1996), S. 15-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Cocaine ; Methadone ; Opiates ; Humans ; Cocaine abuse ; Drug abuse ; Abuse liability ; Drug interactions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The present study was conducted to determine whether methadone maintenance alters the pharmacodynamic effects of single doses of cocaine. Twenty-two current users of IV cocaine who were not seeking treatment for their illicit cocaine use participated while living on a research unit. Eleven were maintained on methadone 50 mg PO daily as treatment for their opioid abuse; 11 were opioid abusers who were not physically dependent on opioids and who provided opioid-free urines throughout the study. Each subject received acute cocaine challenge doses of 0, 12.5, 25, and 50 mg intravenously in random order under double-blind conditions in separate test sessions. Physiologic and subject-rated responses were measured before injection and for 2 h after. In the methadone maintenance group, cocaine challenge sessions occurred 15.5 h after the daily methadone dose. There were significant differences between the methadone-dependent and nondependent groups: 1) baseline differences related to chronic methadone administration and not associated with cocaine administration (lower respiration rates and pupil diameter; higher skin temperature) and 2) differences in response to cocaine administration; cocaine-induced increases in subject ratings of Drug Effect, Rush, Good Effects, Liking, and Desire for Cocaine and in heart rate were greater in the methadone maintenance patients compared to the non-dependent group. These results indicate that the positive subjective effects and some physiological effects of cocaine are enhanced in methadone-maintained individuals, suggesting a pharmacological basis for the high rates of cocaine abuse among methadone maintenance patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02246276
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Does cannabis use predict poor outcome for heroin-dependent patients on maintenance treatment? Past findings and more evidence against (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Addiction 98 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1360-0443
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Aims  To determine whether cannabinoid-positive urine specimens in heroin-dependent out-patients predict other drug use or impairments in psychosocial functioning, and whether such outcomes are better predicted by cannabis-use disorders than by cannabis use itself.Design  Retrospective analyses of three clinical trials; each included a behavioral intervention (contingency management) for cocaine or heroin use during methadone maintenance. Trials lasted 25–29 weeks; follow-up evaluations occurred 3, 6 and 12 months post-treatment. For the present analyses, data were pooled across trials where appropriate.Setting  Urban out-patient methadone clinic.Participants  Four hundred and eight polydrug abusers meeting methadone-maintenance criteria.Measurements  Participants were categorized as non-users, occasional users or frequent users of cannabis based on thrice-weekly qualitative urinalyses. Cannabis-use disorders were assessed with the Diagnostic Interview Schedule III-R. Outcome measures included proportion of cocaine- and opiate-positive urines and the Addiction Severity Index (at intake and follow-ups).Findings  Cannabis use was not associated with retention, use of cocaine or heroin, or any other outcome measure during or after treatment. Our analyses had a power of 0.95 to detect an r2 of 0.11 between cannabis use and heroin or cocaine use; the r2 we detected was less than 0.03 and non-significant. A previous finding, that cannabis use predicted lapse to heroin use in heroin-abstinent patients, did not replicate in our sample. However, cannabis-use disorders were associated weakly with psychosocial problems at post-treatment follow-up.Conclusions  Cannabinoid-positive urines need not be a major focus of clinical attention during treatment for opiate dependence, unless patients report symptoms of cannabis-use disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.2003.00310.x
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparative assay of nefopam, morphine and d-amphetamine (1987)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 91 (1987), S. 273-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Nefopam ; Morphine ; d-Amphetamine ; Abuse potential
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Nefopam is a non-opioid analgesic reported to have some stimulant properties. The subjective, behavioral and physiological effects of nefopam, morphine and d-amphetamine were compared in seven non-dependent substance abusers to assess the abuse potential of nefopam. Morphine and d-amphetamine had significant effects on a number of measures generally consistent with the effects of drugs of the opioid and psychomotor stimulant drug classes. Subjects correctly discriminated between morphine and d-amphetamine. Nefopam was most frequently identified by subjects as being amphetamine-like, though several measures indicated that nefopam produced some sedation. Little or no “liking” of the effects of nefopam was reported by subjects. Overall, nefopam was one fifth as potent as morphine and one quarter as potent as d-amphetamine in producing subjective and physiological effects. The results indicate that nefopam is neither entirely morphine-like nor d-amphetamine-like. In our opinion, nefopam has a lesser potential to be abused than morphine or d-amphetamine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00518176
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absorption rate of methylxanthines following capsules, cola and chocolate (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 51 (1996), S. 319-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Caffeine ; Cocoa ; Chocolate ; Theobromine; methylxanthines ; absorption ; humans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To compare caffeine and theobromine absorption after oral administration of capsules, cola beverage and chocolate candy. Methods: Three males and four females who abstained from methylxanthines received five methylxanthine-containing treatments: caffeine in capsules (72 mg), administered twice; theobromine in capsules (370 mg); cola beverage (72 mg caffeine) and chocolate candy (72 mg caffeine and 370 mg theobromine). Plasma methylxanthine levels were assayed from samples collected before and 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0 h after caffeine capsule and cola treatments and, additionally, at 4.0 and 6.0 h after theobromine capsule and chocolate treatments. Results: Caffeine plasma concentrations increased rapidly and peaked at approximately 30 min following both capsule treatments 1 (Cmax: 1.93 μg ⋅ ml−1); and 2 (Cmax: 2.05 μg ⋅ ml−1). Relative to capsules, caffeine absorption from cola and chocolate was delayed and produced lower maximum caffeine plasma concentrations which peaked 1.5–2.0 h after treatment (For cola, Cmax: 1.57 μg ⋅ ml−1); and for chocolate, Cmax: 1.50 μg ⋅ ml−1. Theobromine plasma concentrations peaked approximately 3 h after capsule administration (Cmax: 6.72 μg ⋅ ml−1). Relative to capsules, theobromine absorption from chocolate was more rapid and produced higher maximum theobromine plasma concentrations which peaked approximately 2 h after treatment (Cmax: 8.05 μg ⋅ ml−1). Conclusions: The results suggest that a usual dietary portion of the cola or chocolate used in this study would produce behaviorally discriminable plasma levels of caffeine in most subjects and of theobromine in at least one subject.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050205
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of buprenorphine and methadone in methadone-maintained subjects (1995)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 119 (1995), S. 268-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Buprenorphine ; Methadone ; Opioid ; Dependence ; Withdrawal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Buprenorphine, a partial mu opioid agonist, is an experimental medication under development for the treatment of opioid dependence as an alternative to methadone maintenance. The present study examined the relationship between level of opioid physical dependence and response to buprenorphine administration as part of a program to develop procedures for transferring patients from methadone to buprenorphine treatment. This laboratory study characterized the agonist and antagonist effects of acute doses of buprenorphine and methadone in subjects maintained on either 30 (n=7) or 60 (n=6) mg/day oral methadone. Test doses of placebo [sl. and PO), methadone (15, 30, and 60 mg PO) and buprenorphine (2, 4, and 8 mg sl.) were administered to volunteers residing on a closed residential unit. Subjective, physiological, observer-rated, and cognitive/psychomotor measures were collected for 6.5 h after test doses. Test doses of methadone, but not buprenorphine, constricted pupils and produced dose-related increases on subjective report measures reflecting opioid agonist drug effects. Agonist effects of methadone were more prominent in the 30 mg than in the 60 mg methadone maintenance condition. Buprenorphine, but not methadone, precipitated opioid withdrawal signs and symptoms that were more prominent in the 60 mg than in the 30 mg methadone maintenance condition. These findings suggest that abrupt transition from methadone to buprenorphine may produce patient discomfort that is positively related to both methadone maintenance dose and buprenorphine transition dose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02246290
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...