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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular topology of the photosynthetic light-harvesting pigment complex, peridinin-chlorophyll a-protein, from marine dinoflagellates (1976)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 15 (1976), S. 4422-4427 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00665a012
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical fractionation of chlorophyll and primary production for coastal waters of the Southern Ocean (2000)
    Springer
    Polar biology 23 (2000), S. 129-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Our objective was to quantify the potential variability in remotely sensed chlorophyll a (Chl a) and primary productivity in coastal waters of the Southern Ocean. From data collected throughout the springs/summers of 1991–1994, we calculated the proportion of water column Chl a and primary productivity within the upper optical attenuation length (K −1 par) and the satellite-weighted depth. The temporal variability was resolved every 2–3 days and was observed to be greater within years than between years. Three-year averages (n=223) revealed that 10.2 ± 3.6% of total Chl a and 14.8 ± 6.5% of production occurred within satellite-weighted depth in predominantly Case I waters. The average values were twice as high within K −1 par, 24.1 ± 8% of total Chl a and 34 ± 9% of production respectively. Masked in these long-term averages are very large changes occurring on short time scales of seasonal blooms. We observed that the patterns of Chl a vertical distribution within blooms are also subject to taxonomic influence and dependent upon the physiological state of the phytoplankton. Highest proportions of water column Chl a in the first optical depth were measured during the rapid onset of surface cryptophyte blooms each year, i.e. 50% within K −1 par and 30% above the satellite-weighted depth. Lowest fractions, 6% and 2% of biomass within K −1 par and satellite-weighted depth respectively, were associated with peak bloom conditions independent of taxonomy. Our analyses suggest that satellite-dependent models of Chl a and subsequent chlorophyll-dependent primary production will be challenging to develop for the near-shore Southern Ocean, especially given the potentially high natural variability in the vertical distribution of Chl a driven by physical forcing, the photoadaptive abilities of polar phytoplankton, and taxonomic influences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003000050018
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of peridinin-chlorophyll a-proteins in the photosynthetic light adaption of the marine dinoflagellate, Glenodinium sp. (1976)
    Springer
    Planta 130 (1976), S. 225-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The marine dinoflagellate, Glenodinium sp., was cultured at a series of light levels and growth, pigmentation, and photosynthetic rates were compared. Under decreasing light conditions, growth rates decreased, cellular chlorophyll a and peridinin content per cell increased, and maximum cellular photosynthetic rates remained unchanged. Pigmentation changes were related to alterations in cellular concentrations of a peridinin-chlorophyll a-protein and an unidentified chlorophyll a component of the chloroplast membrane. Maintenance of photosynthetic rates with decreased irradiance is interpreted as an increase in the number of pigment molecules in the light-harvesting antenna associated with the reaction centers of the photosynthetic apparatus, thus increasing the potential for photon capture for photosynthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00387826
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of growth irradiance on the photosynthetic action spectra of the marine dinoflagellate, Glenodinium sp. (1976)
    Springer
    Planta 130 (1976), S. 251-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Whole cell absorption curves of the marine dinoflagellate Glenodinium sp., cultured at irradiances of 250μW/cm2 (low light) and 2500μW/cm2 (high light), were measured and their difference spectrum determined. Absorption by low light grown cells exceeded that of high light grown cells throughout the visible spectrum by a factor which ranged from 2 to 4. The difference spectrum supported the view that increased pigmentation, resulting from low light conditions, was largely due to an increase in cell content of a peridinin-chlorophyll a-protein (PCP) and an unidentified chlorophyll a component of the chloroplast membrane. Photosynthetic action spectrum measurements indicated that chlorophyll a, peridinin, and very likely chlorophyll c, were effective light-harvesting pigments for photosynthesis in both high and low light grown cultures of Glenodinium sp. Comparison of action spectra and absorption spectra suggested that low light grown cells selectively increased cellular absorption in the 480 nm to 560 nm region, and effectively utilized this spectral region for the promotion of oxygen evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00387829
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-resolution time-series data for 1991/1992 primary production and related parameters at a Palmer LTER coastal site: implications for modeling carbon fixation in the Southern Ocean (1996)
    Springer
    Polar biology 17 (1996), S. 39-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Our goal was to provide a high-resolution temporal data base for modeling primary production in shelf waters adjacent to Palmer Station, Antarctica. Here, the resulting 1991/1992 data base is used to: (1) determine in situ productivity over a range of seasonal to subseasonal time scales; (2) identify time scales of significant variability in marine productivity during the peak growing season; (3) identify environmental, experimental and analytical factors that can significantly impact the accuracy of daily, weekly and seasonal productivity estimates; and (4) integrate our findings with previous studies of Antarctic coastal primary pro- duction. Data were gathered every 2–3 days during a 3-month period in the austral spring/summer of 1991/1992. Photosynthesis-irradiance (P-I) relationships were determined throughout the euphotic zone and P-I parameters, combined with knowledge of the in-water light field, were used to derive instantaneous rates of in situ primary production. Additionally, weekly samples were collected from surface and chlorophyll a maxima for characterization of the patterns of diel periodicity in P-I parameters. Seven diel patterns were discerned over the season and used to time-correct instantaneous measurements and derive noontime, daily, monthly and seasonally integrated estimates of production. During the season, a large bloom was responsible for some of the highest daily produc- tivity rates reported for the Southern Ocean (0.8 g C m-3 d-1, 6.3 g C m-2 d-1). Significant variation in daily integrated rates occurred generally on time scales less than a week. Peak timing and magnitude of daytime periodicities in photosynthesis varied widely over the season, closely coupled to changes in phytoplankton community composition. Instantaneous measurements of primary production, if uncorrected or improperly corrected for daytime periodicities in carbon fixation, were unreliable predictors of production on longer time scales even if the water column was sampled every few days. High frequency sampling and consideration of diel periodicity may be requirements when attempting to discern differences between short time-scale variability and long-term trends in Antarctic primary production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003000050103
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A nitrate-dependent Synechococcus bloom in surface Sargasso Sea water (1988)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 331 (1988), S. 161-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We report the use of two recently developed techniques to measure: (1) nitrate concentrations at the nanomolar level by chemiluminescence7; and (2) phycoerythrin pigment concentrations using uncoupled in vivo fluorescence8, in Sargasso-Sea surface waters. Together with observations made using ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/331161a0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High abundance of Archaea in Antarctic marine picoplankton (1994)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 371 (1994), S. 695-697 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] To investigate the distribution of pelagic marine Archaea, we concentrated picoplankton from sea water collected near Arthur Harbor, Antarctica, in late austral winter 1993. All Antarctic samples were collected at ambient temperature ( - 1.5 °C) at the surface, or ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/371695a0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The control of the production process of phytoplankton by the physical structure of the aquatic environment with special reference to its optical properties (1991)
    Springer
    Aquatic sciences 53 (1991), S. 136-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9055
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; primary production ; photosynthesis ; optics ; adaptation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract This tutorial was designed for nonbiologists requiring an introduction to the nature and general timescales of phytoplankton responses to physical forcing in aquatic environments. As such, an effort was made to highlight biological markers which might assist in identifying, measuring and/or validating physical processes controlling the variability in the distribution, abundance, composition and activity of phytoplankton communities. Given the recent advances in environmental optics and remote sensing capabilities, a special emphasis was placed on the nature and utility of phytoplankton optical properties in current bio-optical modelling efforts to predict temporal and spatial variability in phytoplankton productivity and growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00877058
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification and characterization of peridinin-chlorophyll a-proteins from the marine dinoflagellates Glenodinium sp. and Gonyaulax polyedra (1976)
    Springer
    Planta 128 (1976), S. 133-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A peridinin-chlorophyll a-protein complex (PCP) was obtained in large quantity from the marine dinoflagellates, Glenodinium sp. and Gonyaulax polyedra. The chromoproteins have similar molecular weights, 35,500 for Glenodinium sp. and 34,500 for G. polyedra. The proteins from the PCP complex of Glenodinium sp. dissociated from the chromophore on treatment with 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) at room temperature. The protein component was a single subunit with a molecular weight of 15,500. Proteins from the PCP complex of G. polyedra were composed of a single polypeptide with a molecular weight of about 32,000. Two peridinin-chlorophyll a-proteins from Glenodinium sp. accounted for 70% of the PCP complex and had isoelectric points of 7.4 and 7.3. The PCP complex from G. polyedra was dominated by a single chromoprotein with an isoelectric point of 7.2 Chromophore analysis indicated the presence of only peridinin and chlorophyll a in a molar ratio approaching 4:1. Other pigments characteristically found in dinoflagellates were absent. Fluorescence excitation spectra of purified PCP indicated an efficient energy transfer from peridinin to chlorophyll a, an observation that lends support to the reported role of peridinin as an accessory pigment in photosynthetic oxygen evolution. In several other brown colored dinoflagellates examined, PCP representtd less than 20% of the total peridinin. However, no PCP could be isolated from cultures of Amphidinium carterae (PY-1). This study provides further evidence that PCP is a normal component of most peridinin-containing dinoflagellates, and functions as a light-harvesting component of the dinoflagellate chloroplast. No fucoxanthin-containing analog of PCP was detected in the chrysophyte, Cricosphera carterae and the dinoflagellate Glenodinium foliaceum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00390314
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diel periodicity in phytoplankton productivity (1992)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 238 (1992), S. 1-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: periodicity ; diel ; circadian ; clocks ; photosynthesis ; phytoplankton
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Daily variation in phytoplankton productivity influences the dynamics and linkages between several large scale processes in aquatic ecosystems. As part of an opening address to the 5th International workshop for the Group for Aquatic Productivity (GAP), the daily patterns of variability in photosynthesis for different algal classes was introduced and accompanied by a discussion of the sources of environmental and endogenous regulation of repeating biological oscillations that occur in phytoplankton on timescales of one day. It is suggested that one way to develop a database that serves to sort and predict phytoplankton variability over the day may be to encourage the creation of a ‘temporal library’. Such a library would be comprised of temporally fixed maps of circadian clock-controlled rhythms for individual species, as well as temporally variable maps of diel periodicities that only can be defined for a selected set of environmental conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00048771
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