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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of the spleen in determination of red cell volume with Cr51-labelled erythrocytes in the intact dog (1973)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 341 (1973), S. 73-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Disappearance Rate of Tracer ; Splenic Uptake of Tagged Cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The uptake of Cr51-tagged red cells by the canine spleen was demonstrated by external counting with a collimated scintillation detector and simultaneous measurements of activity in blood. After injection of tracer it appeared necessary to draw several blood samples over a period up to 60 min and to perform an exponential extrapolation of activity to time zero in order to obtain correct values of circulating red cell volume in dogs with intact spleen. After complete mixing, the disappearance rate of Cr51 from the circulating blood closely corresponds to the volume of red cells trapped within the spleen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00587331
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Critical evaluation of methods for determination of blood volume in the dog (1973)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 341 (1973), S. 63-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Blood Volume ; Cr51 ; Labelled Erythrocytes ; RIHSA ; Plasma Trapping ; Disappearance Rate ; f cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 7 mongrel dogs a total of 202 measurements of blood volume were performed according to three different methods (RIHSA, Cr51, double-isotope method). Careful weighing of tracers and samples proved to be essential for correct measurements. Large vessel hematocrit values obtained by centrifugation and by the distribution of RIHSA in whole blood and in plasma were essentially equal. The disappearance rate of RIHSA averaged 10% per hour, while that of Cr51 differed significantly between dogs with and without saline infusion (20.9 and 13.7% per hour respectively). Values of blood volume for the fasting conscious dog averaged 80 ml/kg of BW with no significant difference between the three methods of determination. The correlation between blood volumes obtained by synchronized determination with Cr51 and RIHSA was rather weak (r=0.7143, standard deviation of the mean error ±14.3%). In agreement with this, the rate off cells showed a large scatter of ±7 and ±10% respectively for the two groups. It was demonstrated that the decrease of activity of Cr51 in the circulating blood due to the uptake of tagged red cells by the spleen is not linear, as initially supposed, but follows an exponential function, resulting in an error in the measurement of red cell volume of +10 and +13% respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00587330
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sodium excretion in conscious and anesthetized dogs after large saline infusions (1973)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 341 (1973), S. 51-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Sodium Retention in Anesthesia ; Plasma Protein Shift ; Hyperoncotic Albumin Infusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sodium and fluid balance were compared in conscious and anesthetized dogs, receiving large saline infusions. Prior to the experiments both groups of animals were kept on a high sodium diet. 1. While conscious animals excrete the infused saline completely within 10 h, the anesthetized animals retain 20–80%, depending on the duration of anesthesia prior to the onset of infusion. 2. Increase of hematocrit during anesthesia indicates a shift of plasma fluid into the extravascular space. This is probably caused by an increased permeability of the capillaries for protein induced by the barbiturate agent (Nembutal). The escape of a large fraction of the infused saline into the extravascular space is followed by a diminution of sodium excretion. 3. In conscious dogs the fraction of the infused saline, which escapes into the extravascular space, returns into the vascular space shortly after cessation of the saline infusion. The early return of fluid maintains the augmented level of plasma volume and is accompanied by continuous sodium excretion. In contrary, in anesthetized animals, the amount of fluid extravasated during saline infusion is much greater and does not return to the vascular space. With the diminution of plasma volume sodium excretion ceases. 4. Injection of hyperoncotic albumin solution promotes fluid movement from the interstitial to the vascular space and increases sodium excretion in proportion to the increase of plasma volume. It is concluded that during saline infusion the increase in plasma volume is the primary conditioning factor for sodium excretion. The additional expansion of the interstitial space per se is without effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00587329
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between salt loading and distribution of nephron filtration rates in the dog (1974)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 350 (1974), S. 259-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Dog Kidney ; Saline Infusion ; Nephron Filtration Rate ; Filtrate Distribution ; Ferrocyanide Method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The intrarenal distribution of nephron filtration rate (N-GFR) was assessed using the Hanssen ferrocyanide technique in dogs which were chronically salt loaded with or without an additional acute sodium load and in sodium depleted dogs. In 4 dogs fed 7–10 days on a high sodium diet, superficial nephron filtration rate (SN-GFR) was 56.7±13.1 nl/min, middle nephron filtration rate (MN-GFR) was 65.2±14.3 nl/min, and the juxtamedullary nephron filtration rate (JN-GFR) was 82.4±17.1 nl/min, a value 52.3% higher than the SN-GFR. Creatinine clearance in these animals averaged 22.0±3.9 ml/min. In 4 animals which received an additional infusion of 0.9% NaCl at 4.0–4.5 ml/min for 2.5 h, the mean creatinine clearance rose from 16.6±2.0 ml/min to 20.3±0.7 ml/min and the distribution of N-GFR was: SN-GFR 70.5±21.2 nl/min, MN-GFR 83.6±23.8 nl/min and JN-GFR 91.2±24.3 nl/min. In this case, the JN-GFR was 29.3% higher than the SN-GFR. In one sodium depleted dog, (creatinine clearance 15.7 ml/min) the distribution of N-GFR was: SN-GFR 41.1±10.5 nl/min, MN-GFR 48.0±16.5 nl/min, and JN-GFR 58.0±19.0 nl/min, a value exceeding SN-GFR by 41.1%. These results imply that acute saline infusion in dogs induces a proportionately greater change in GFR of superficial than of juxtamedullary nephrons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00587805
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of inhibitiors of fatty acid oxidation on renal function (1974)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 351 (1974), S. 231-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: 4-Pentenoic Acid ; 2-Bromopalmitate ; Inhibition of Fatty Acid Oxidation ; Renal Excretion of Sodium ; Potassium ; Glucose ; Phosphate ; Amino Acids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. 4-Pentenoic acid, infused into the left renal artery of the dog (6.6 μM/min) caused a marked increase of sodium, potassium, phosphate and glucose excretion in all experiments. Amino acid excretion was only slightly augmented in 2 of 4 experiments. 2. The enhanced excretion of these substances took place even when GFR was diminished by about 50%. 3. Pentanoic acid and cyclopropanecarboxylic acid which do not inhibit long chain fatty acid oxidation in comparable doses, had no influence on renal function in doses up to 528 μM/min. Higher doses caused hemoglobinuria and anuria on the infused side. 4. These findings are in good agreement with the view that 4-pentenoic acid diminishes reabsorption of the substances tested in this study by blocking long chain fatty acid oxidation, a source of energy for transport.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00586920
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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