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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytomegalovirus detection by biotinylated DNA probes (1989)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 178 (1989), S. 135-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Clinical specimens from 317 patients suspected of cytomeglovirus infection were examined by immunofluorescence (IF) using monoclonal antibodies and by a biotinylated DNA probe kit after cell culture isolation. Of the 317 samples, 68 were positive by culture isolation. Of these 67 were IF positive when the cytopathic effect (CPE) was 1+ or less, whereas 56 gave positive results with DNA probes when the CPE was 2+. A further 83 specimens were examined directly by immunoperoxidase histopathology (IHP), IF and the DNA probe kit: 26 of these were positive by IHP examination, 25 by IF and only 6 by DNA probes. The sensitivity of the DNA probe kit was not satisfactory when the clinical tissue specimens were directly examined. However, the sensitivity improved considerably to 82% if the specimens were propagated first in cell culture. The IF method detected the virus before and after cell culture isolation equally well (96%–98.5%). Compared to the IF method, the DNA probe kit is costly and requires more labor and time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00198012
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presumptive identification ofEnterococci from other DStreptococci by a rapid sodium chloride tolerance test (1979)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 167 (1979), S. 197-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Ability of enterococci to cause severe disease in humans and their relative resistance to chemotherapeutic agents necessitate their differentiation from other group D streptococci. We developed and evaluated a medium that differentiates enterococci from other group D streptococci within 4 to 24 hours. The 410 clinical isolates used in this study consisted of 328 strains of enterococci and 82 strains of other group D streptococci. The method showed 100 percent sensitivity and specificity with the conventional sodium chloride test. It is simple, reliable, and rapid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02121186
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of the Phadebact coagglutination test for the rapid serotyping ofHaemophilus influenza (1983)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 172 (1983), S. 161-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Conventional tests for the indentification ofHaemophilus species require 24–48 h for completion. In this study, we evaluated the Phadebact coagglutination method for the serotyping ofHaemophilus that yields results within 2 min. Of the 150 strains tested, 148 wereH. influenzae and 2 wereH. parainfluenzae. Of the 83H. influenzae isolates from cerebrospinal fluid and blood 80 were correctly typed as b by the Phadebact test. Of the 51 sputum isolates, 48 (94%) were nontypable. Eleven (69%) of the remaining sixteen isolates from secondary and unknown sources were type b, four (25%) were nontypable, and one (6%) was in the acdef group. Thirty gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria other thanHaemophilus were also tested with no false-positive reactions. The Phadebact test is rapid and easy to perform and interpret.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02123801
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tube carbohydrate assimilation method for the rapid identification of clinically significant yeasts (1978)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 165 (1978), S. 19-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Yeasts have gained greater recognition in the past several years as being the cause of significant infections. We modified and evaluated a carbohydrate assimilation test to identify yeast isolates rapidly and accurately. The 192 clinical isolates used in this study included 20 species of the generaCandida, Cryptoccoccus, Saccharomyces, Torulopsis, Trichosporon, Rhodotorula, andGeotrichum. The method achieved 95% agreement with standard Wickerham assimilation results, and 97% of the isolates were correctly identified with the aid of a few auxilliary tests. The method is rapid, reliable, and versatile in its use.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02121229
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of a modified dye pour-plate auxanographic method for the rapid identification of clinically significant yeasts (1979)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 167 (1979), S. 11-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A modified dye pour-plate auxanographic (DPPA) method for the presumptive identification of medically important yeasts was evaluated, in a comparative study with a conventional procedure, the API 20C clinical yeast system (Analytab Products Inc.), and the Uni-Yeast-Tek (UYT) system. The 174 coded clinical isolates were members of the generaCandida, Cryptococcus, Rhodotorula, Saccharomyces, Torulopsis, andTrichosporon. The identification accuracies with DPPA, API, and UYT were 95%, 93%, and 99% respectively. DPPA and API required more time to inoculate but gave rapid identification profiles. UYT was simple to inoculate and both UYT and DPPA were easy to read. Cost analysis of the three rapid methods demonstrated DPPA to be the most economical making it a feasible alternative for small clinical laboratories as well as large laboratories possessing the facilities to make their own media.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02123291
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid identification of yeasts by semi-automated and conventional methods (1986)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 175 (1986), S. 307-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abtract Five different methods for the identification of significant yeast from clinical specimens were compared for their reliability, rapidity and cost-effectiveness. Three commercial methods consisted of semi-automated Abbott's yeasts identification system using MS-2 (Abbott Laboratories, Diagnostic Division, Irving, Texas), API 20C (Analytab Products, Inc., Plainview, NY) and Uni-Yeast-Tek (Flow Labs, Inc., MacLean, VA). Two conventional methods included the modified dye-plur plate auxanographic and rapid tube assimilation method. The 242 coded clinical isolates used in this study included 20 species ofCandida, Cryptococcus, Saccharomyces Geotrichum, Rhodotorula, Torulopsis andTrichosporon. The identificaiton accuracies with all the systems ranges between 92.3% to 97.5%. Results were available with Abbott's MS-2 within 24 h, with rapid tube assimilation method in 6–48 h and in 72 h with other systems. Rapid tube assimilation and dye-pour-plate auxanographic methods were least expensive, with labour and material costing around $ 1.00 per identification, whereas the commercial system cost a little over $ 5.00.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02126052
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Viral contamination of environmental surfaces on a general paediatric ward and playroom in a major referral centre in Riyadh (1995)
    Springer
    European journal of epidemiology 11 (1995), S. 587-590 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: Contamination ; Environment ; Paediatric ; Viruses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to determine the incidence of viral contamination of environmental surfaces in a hospital in Saudi Arabia. A 6-month prospective study was carried out on a general paediatric ward in which both enteric and respiratory viruses were screened. Weekly samples were taken between August 1993–February 1994. A total of 155 samples were taken in which 11 (7%) tested positive for rotavirus. No other viruses were detected. Internal and external temperatures were monitored and an increase in rotavirus incidence was noted with decrease in temperature. Rotavirus was detected on surfaces involving human activity (toilet handles, televisions, toys and vital signs chart). One patient had rotavirus on his hands but no staff were found to carry rotavirus. Further contamination of environmental surfaces (9%) was detected during an increased incidence of rotavirus infection. A proper programme of disinfection and handwashing is essential in order to eliminate this mode of transmission.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01719313
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Urinary tract infection caused by Hansenula anomala (1988)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 104 (1988), S. 99-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A case of urinary tract infection due to Hansenula anomala is reported. The infection occurred in a cadaver kidney transplant patient who was receiving immuno-suppression therapy. Survey of the literature revealed that human infections due to this organism are rare and its causal relationship in urinary tract infection has not been previously reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00436934
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative activity of the new fluoroquinolone rufloxacin (MF 934) against clinical isolates of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 12 (1993), S. 372-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The antibacterial activity of the new fluoroquinolone rufloxacin (MF 934) was evaluated against 1095 clinical isolates and compared with that of other quinolones and various commonly used antibiotics. Rufloxacin was highly effective against members of theEnterobacteriaceae, inhibiting 98 % of the isolates at a concentration of 1 mg/l. Ninety-two percent ofAeromonas hydrophila and 65 %Acinetobacter strains tested were inhibited by 1 mg/l of rufloxacin, whereas 98 % of methicillin-susceptible and 87 % of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus strains and 76 % of coagulase-negative staphylococci strains required 4 mg/l for growth inhibition. The MIC values of rufloxacin for most bacteria were 4–16 times higher than those of ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin. Rufloxacin had little activity against xanthomonads, pseudomonads and enterococci. Approximately 95–96 % of isolates ofPseudomonas aeruginosa were inhibited by 2 mg/l of ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin as compared to 29 % inhibited by rufloxacin at this concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01964437
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antibacterial activity of trovafloxacin against gram-positive blood culture isolates from nosocomial infections (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 15 (1996), S. 694-696 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01691163
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