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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Basophil histamine release and lymphocyte proliferation tests in latex contact urticaria (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 44 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Basophil histamine release and lymphocyte proliferation tests were examined with latex allergen prepared from surgical gloves in 15 patients with latex contact urticaria. The basophil histamine release test (BHRT) yielded positive results in 13/14 (93%) patients, whereas commercial latex RAST was positive in only 9/15 (60%) patients. Lymphocyte proliferation test (LPT) was positive in 3/15 (20%) patients, suggesting that cell-mediated immune reactions may also occur in latex allergy. However, patch tests to latex were negative and neither were epidermal Langerhans cells able to present latex antigen to T lymphocytes in vitro.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1989.tb02259.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contact allergy to gold in dental patients (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 134 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Gold sodium thiosulphate (GSTS) In patch test series commonly yields positive reactions. In this study of dental patients, the clinical relevance of these positive reactions, the suitability of gold compounds as patch test materials, and value of the lymphocyte proliferation test in gold contact allergy, were evaluated. The frequency of positive patch test reactions to GSTS was 12·4% in the dental series. Fifty-two patients, only two of whom were male, were studied. Thirteen (25%) had had symptoms from jewellery or dental restorations. However, in most cases gold allergy was subclinical. A 10% aqueous solution of gold sodium thiomalate (GSTM) was almost as good as 0·5% GSTS in petrolatum as a marker of gold contact allergy, but 0·001% potassium dicyanoaurate (PDCA) yielded a high percentage of false-negative results. Seventy-three per cent of the subjects with positive patch tests to GSTS responded to gold compounds in vitro in the lymphocyte proliferation test, whereas 13 controls without gold contact sensitivity were negative. Consistent results in skin and lymphocyte proliferation tests provide support for the concept that gold salt-induced‘allergic-like' reactions are truly allergic in nature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb06968.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reactivity of tixocortol pivalate-positive patients in intradermal and oral provocation tests (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 135 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Pivalone®/tixocortol pivalate commonly yields positive reactions in the patch test series. The clinical relevance of these positive reactions was investigated in more detail. In the standard patch test series 5.6% (73 of 1306) ofthe patients were positive to corticosteroids. 5.2% to 0.1% tixocortol pivalate in ethanol (Pivalone® nasal spray diluted 1:10) and 2.3% to 1% hydrocortisone butyrate in ethanol. Some ofthe patients were tested in parallel with Pivalone® and 1% tixocortol pivalate in petrolatum. The former test reagent yielded some false-positive reactions, whereas with the latter, some allergic responses were missed. Intradermal tests with the succinate esters of hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone and prednisolone were performed with 52 patients positive to Pivalone®. Of these 76.9% (40 of 52) were positive in the intradermal tests; 38 to hydrocortisone. 35 to methylprednisolone and 30 to prednisolone. Twelve patients who had been positive in the intradermal tests were challenged orally with corticosteroids and they all showed positive reactions to hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone or prednisolone. The patients developed localized reactions at the sites of previous eczema or positive skin tests or diffuse erythema or exanthema. The oral doses of hydrocortisone eliciting positive delayed skin reactions ranged from 20 to 200 mg. Reactivity to tixocortol pivalate is closely related to sensitivity to hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone and prednisolone, but high oral doses of these corticosteroids may be required to produce allergic symptoms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-1097.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diagnostic value of skin and laboratory tests in cow's milk allergy/intolerance (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 22 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The applicability of a panel of five skin and laboratory tests in the diagnosis of cow's milk allergy/intolerance (CMAI) was investigated. The tests used were prick and patch tests, RAST, basophil histamine release test (BHRT) and lymphocyte proliferation test (LPT). Twenty-two atopic children who had experienced either immediate or delayed cutaneous symptoms upon challenge with cow's milk (CM), and 12 non-milk-allergic controls with atopic dermatitis (AD) were included in the study. RAST, prick test, BHRT and LPT to CM and patch test to α-casein were positive in the CMAI group and non-milk-allergic atopic controls as follows: 59% and 33%, 57% and 0%, 55% and 17%, 77% and 17%, 33% and 0%. RAST, prick test and BHRT were more often positive in children exhibiting immediate reactions, and patch test and LPT more often positive in those having delayed reactions to CM. The panel of five tests detected 21/22 children with CMAI and gave false-positive results in 5/12 of non-milk allergic controls. The sensitivity and specificity of the panel in the diagnosis of CMAI were 95% and 58%, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1992.tb03100.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of immunologic tests in the diagnosis of occupational asthma and rhinitis (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 49 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In this study, three immunologic tests, skin prick test, RAST, and basophil histamine-release test (BHRT), were compared by provocation in the diagnosis of occupational asthma and rhinitis. Twenty-three positive bronchial or nasal challenges were performed on 16 patients (six farmers, six bakery workers, and four food industry workers) and asthma or rhinitis was diagnosed as caused by cereal flour or grain, cow epithelium, storage mites, garlic, or soy dust. A control group consisted of 12 patients, of whom four (two bakery workers, one food industry worker, and one farmer) were challenge-negative, and the rest suffered from pollen allergy and seasonal rhinitis and were not challenged. The sensitivity and specificity of the prick test, RAST, BHRT, and a panel of them were as follows: 74 and 89%, 57 and 86%, 78 and 93%, and 91 and 71%, respectively. The overall concordance among these three type I allergy tests or between immunologic tests and challenge was relatively good.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb02279.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allergy to ingested cereals in atopic children (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 49 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Clinical features, hypersensitivity mechanisms, and differential diagnosis of cereal allergy or intolerance were investigated in children with atopic dermatitis (AD). On oral provocation, 18 children exhibited a positive response to wheat, three to rye, one to barley, and one to oats. Cereal-induced symptoms were dermatologic, gastrointestinal, or oropharyngeal, and their onset after provocation was immediate (eight cases), delayed (14 cases), or both immediate and delayed (one case). A combination of type I allergy tests (prick test, RAST, and histamine-release test) detected all immediate reactors and 9/14 delayed reactors. Of the five subjects remaining negative in these tests, three were positive in the patch or lymphocyte-proliferation tests. Subjects with cereal allergy or intolerance frequently possessed IgE, IgA, and IgG antibodies against gliadin, but only one of these children was HLA-DR3-positive, and none had reticulin antibodies typical of celiac disease. Combining tests of immediate and delayed hypersensitivity can confirm allergy to cereals in a more reliable way. The coexistence of cereal allergy and celiac disease seems to be rare.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb00790.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diet, serum fatty acids, and atopic diseases in childhood (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 56 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: The reasons behind the reported increase in the occurrence of childhood atopic sensitization rates are unclear. We wanted to evaluate the association between dietary fats, serum fatty acids, and the occurrence and development of atopic diseases. Methods: From a longitudinal database of a population-based sample, 231 sex- and age-matched pairs in 1980 and 154 pairs in 1986 were chosen, between whom we compared the dietary data, serum fatty acid composition, and occurrence of atopic diseases. The same variables were also compared between those who developed atopic disease later and those who did not during the 9-year follow-up. Results: Examination of the dietary data in 1980 for those who had developed atopic disease compared with those who had remained healthy showed that the atopic children had used less butter before the expression of atopy. According to the cross-sectional data, the children with atopic disease consumed more margarine (mean 8.6 vs 7.3 [P=0.04]), and less butter (mean 9.4 vs 11.6 g/1000 kcal [P=0.002]), than the nonatopic children in 1980. Differences supporting these dietary findings were similarly found in the serum fatty acid data. Conclusions: The diet of the atopic children differed from that of the nonatopic children in the consumption of polyunsaturated fat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2001.056005425.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhalant allergy in the United Arab Emirates (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 55 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00377.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allergy to systemic and intralesional corticosteroids (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 128 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In this study, allergic reactions to systemic or intralesional corticosteroids were characterized, and skin tests utilized in the diagnosis of corticosteroid allergy. Five patients who had developed a rash when treated with systemic or intralesional hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone, prednisolone or betamethasone, were challenged with oral or intra-articular corticosteroid preparations, and skin tested. Upon provocation the patients reacted with diffuse erythema principally on the trunk or on the face. The erythema appeared within a period ranging from a few hours to 24 h and faded in 1–3 days. On patch testing, one patient reacted to prednisolone and methylprednisolone, which induced a positive response upon provocation, and two patients were positive to Pivalone®. Patients who were sensitive to hydrocortisone or methylprednisolone, as judged by anamnestic data and provocations, reacted to these corticosteroids in the intradermal tests. Allergy to betamethasone could not be verified by intradermal or patch tests. A combination of intradermal and patch tests is recommended when allergy to systemic or intralesional corticosteroids is suspected. If these skin tests remain negative, provocation is the method of choice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00200.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human Epidermal Langerhans Cells and Peripheral Blood Monocytes (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 24 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We compared the functional capacities of human epidermal Langerhans cells (LC) and peripheral blood monocytes. Epidermal sheets were obtained by a suction blister device. After enzymatic treatmenl LC were enriched by attaching them to IgG-located erythrocyte monolayers. On a per cell basis, LC were several times more efficient accessory cells than monocytes in augmenting nickel- and tuberculin (PPD)-induced T-cell proliferation. In mixed cell cultures LC stimulated both autologous and allogeneic T cells, whereas monocytes stimulated only allogeneic cells In addition. LC were significantly more potent allogeneic stimulators than monocytes. Although monocytes were weaker accessory cells and allogeneic stimulators than LC, they induced higher interleukin 1 (IL-1) activities than LC-enriched or LC-depleted cells. These results indicate that there are functional differences between LC and monocytes and that antigen presentation and mediator secretion are not correlated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02164.x
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