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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Ophthalmologe 94 (1997), S. 405-411 
    ISSN: 1433-0423
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Strabismus ; Augenmuskeloperation ; Subjektive Parameter ; Objektive Parameter ; Qualitätskontrolle ; Key words Strabism ; Squint surgery ; Subjective parameters ; Objective parameters ; Quality control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Background: In regard to quality-control studies concerning strabismus surgery we were interested in a comparison of subjective and objective parameters after squint surgery. Materials and methods: In a questionnaire 175 patients were asked for their evaluation of the functional and cosmetic results 1 week and 6 weeks after squint surgery. Parallel, objective parameters like reduction of the squint angle and quality of stereoopsis were documented. Results: Overall 94.2% of patients with esotropia (n = 52) were satisfied cosmetically and 5.8% were not 1 week after squint surgery was performed. In the group of patients with exotropia (n = 36), 91.7% of the patients were satisfied cosmetically and 8.3% were not. Even in cases of esotropia or exotropia no changes in the quality of stereoopsis were noted by some patients or they could not be mentioned in the questionnaire. Some patients did not appreciate the improvement of binocular function found in our examination. Conclusions: Good congruence between objective and subjective results 1 week after squint surery was found.
    Notes: Fragestellung: Studien zur Qualität der Schieloperation beziehen sich meist auf die Einschätzung durch den Untersuchenden. Material und Methode: Um den Patienten in der Beurteilung des operativen Ergebnisses mit einzubeziehen, wurde mittels Fragebogen an 175 Patienten ein Vergleich von subjektiven Angaben und objektiv meßbaren Parametern vorgenommen. Das funktionelle und kosmetische Ergebnis wurde 1 und 6 Wochen nach Schieloperation erfaßt. Parallel hierzu wurden objektive Parameter, wie Schielwinkelreduktion und Qualität der Stereoopsis, dokumentiert. Ergebnisse: Eine Woche nach Schieloperation waren insgesamt 94,2% der Patienten mit Esotropie (n = 52) mit dem postoperativen kosmetischen Ergebnis zufrieden, 5,6% nicht. In der Gruppe der Exotropien (n = 36) lag die Zufriedenheit mit dem postoperativen kosmetischen Ergebnis bei 91,7%; weniger zufrieden waren 8,3% der Patienten. Änderungen in der Qualität der Stereoopsis wurden, sowohl im Kollektiv der Eso- als auch Exotropien, von einigen Patienten nicht wahrgenommen oder konnten nicht mitgeteilt werden. Schlußfolgerung: Insgesamt bestand eine hohe Kongruenz zwischen objektiven und subjektiven Ergebnissen 1 Woche nach Augenmuskeloperation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 238 (2000), S. 119-122 
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  · Background: Motility disorders may occur consecutive to peribulbar anesthesia. The underlying pathology is still debated. The aim of the study was to contribute to the discussion by a meticulous orthoptic examination of a series of patients. · Methods: In a series of 16 patients with diplopia after peribulbar anesthesia, measurements of the angle of squint in the nine directions of gaze, Bielschowsky’s head-tilt test and motility analysis were performed. The findings were discussed with regard to the possible types of muscular lesions. · Results: Hypotropia and deorsoadduction accompanied by relatively small cyclotropia were found in all cases. Bielschowsky’s head-tilt test mostly revealed neutral findings. · Conclusion: The findings were discussed under the hypothesis of a fibrotic muscular change in the superior oblique and inferior rectus muscle. This hypothesis turned out to be concordant with the orthoptic measurements, implying that treatment of the disorder should consist in low-dosage recession of the fibrotic muscles, which in our experience was rewarding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 146 (1998), S. 247-251 
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Kinderärzte und praktische Ärzte haben im Rahmen des Vorsorgeprogramms der Krankenkassen u.a. die Aufgabe, bei Kindern im Alter von 3½ bis 4 Jahren die Sehschärfe zu testen. Sie tun dies mit geringer Effektivität, die Rückmeldequote des Vorsorgeprogramms [5] stagniert seit Jahren. Nur 10% der Kinder mit Sehfehlern wie Strabismus und Refraktionsfehlern werden durch das Screening erkannt, d.h. 90% der visuell auffälligen Kinder werden nicht oder zu spät erkannt und therapiert. Damit wird der Therapievorteil in der latenten reversiblen Vorphase der Entwicklung des visuellen Systems viel zu selten ausgeschöpft. In einer Studie wurden die Ergebnisse der 3 für die Vorsorgeuntersuchungen empfohlenen Sehtests mit den Ergebnissen eines kompletten ophthalmologischen Befundes einer Augenklinik verglichen. Resultat: nur einer der Sehtests kann empfohlen werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 238 (2000), S. 664-668 
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Background: Macular translocation is a new treatment option in age-related maculopathy. The aim of this study was to report experience with the handling of the sensory problems concerning subjective cyclorotation and binocularity that arise with this technique. Methods: The data of 33 patients who had undergone macular translocation and counterrotation of the globe by muscle surgery in a first operation, followed by silicone oil removal and sometimes revision of the eye muscles in a second operation, were evaluated. The counterrotation consisted of a partial transposition of the rectus muscles and extensive surgery on the anterior margins of the oblique eye muscles. Subjective monocular cyclorota- tion, motility and binocularity were tested. Results: In 5 patients after the two operations binocular single vision was proved; in one of these cases there was even stereoscopic function. Seventeen patients excluded one eye: 13 excluded the operated eye, 4 the fellow eye. Eleven patients experienced double vision or tilted images under binocular viewing conditions and thus required further surgery or occlusion of one eye. Conclusion: The majority of patients were not hindered by subjective cyclorotation. Nevertheless, in a large proportion of patients binocularity could not be reestablished because of still reduced visual acuity or cyclotropia. The data show that the aim of restoring binocularity can be achieved but in practice is often not attained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 189 (1974), S. 179-189 
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Nach intravitrealer Implantation von Kupferdrahtstücken werden beim Kaninchen folgende Größen gemessen: Augeninnendruck, Kupfergehalt des Vorderkammerwassers und Aktivitätsgehalte einiger glykolytischer und Citrat-Cyclus-Enzyme isolierter nichtpigmentierter und pigmentierter Zellen der Ziliarfortsätze. Während der Augeninnendruck langsam sinkt, steigt der Kupferspiegel des Kammerwassers in Abhängigkeit von der Größe des Fremdkörpers. Mit zunehmender fibroplastischer Einhüllung des Fremdkörpers stellen sich stationäre Werte des Kammerwasser-Kupfers ein. Die GAPDH- und LDH-Aktivitätsgehalte nehmen in den Suspensionen nichtpigmentierter Ziliarepithelien — dem Anstieg des Kammerwasser-Kupfers parallel — vorübergehend signifikant zu. Die Bedeutung der Befunde wird kritisch diskutiert. Es scheint möglich, daß sich in ihnen eine gesteigerte Ziliarkörpersekretion widerspiegelt. Bei den pigmentierten Zellen und den übrigen untersuchten Enzymen finden sich keine signifikanten Veränderungen gegenüber den Kontrollen.
    Notes: Summary Chalcosis of rabbit eyes was produced by intravitreal implantation of small fragments cut from copper wire. Intraocular pressure and aqueous copper concentrations were analysed as were some glycolytic and citric cycle enzyme activities in suspensions of isolated pigmented and nonpigmented epithelial cells prepared from ciliary processes. Results obtained with chalcosis have been compared to the normal. In chalcosis a gradual decrease of intraocular pressure and a considerable rise of aqueous copper concentrations was found. Finally copper concentrations used to stabilise at steady state levels as fibroplastic sheathing of the foreign body proceeded. Activity levels of glycolytic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) increased significantly with the initial rise of aqueous copper concentrations in the nonpigmented cell suspensions. This might be read as a sign of enhanced aqueous secretion. Levels of citric cycle enzyme activities and pigmented cell enzyme systems did not show any significant difference with the present procedure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Zur Diskussion steht die Beziehung zwischen der Stromstärke im Netz des energieliefernden Stoffwechsels und der Ablenkung seiner Glieder aus dem Gleichgewicht. Im Rahmen der Besprechung neuer Analysen von Metabolitgehalten werden die Phänomene der Gegenläufigkeit von Potentialdifferenzen und der Homoeostasie zellulärer Metabolitproportionen behandelt. Messungen stationärer Relaxationszeiten und ihre Anwendung auf Grund einer Anregung von Alberty werden mitgeteilt. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen und ergänzen die Vorstellungen von intrazellulären Redoxbeziehungen, die der Arbeitskreis der Verfasser in dieser Zeitschrift vor fünf Jahren entwickelt hat. Die maximale Differenz zwischen den Redoxpotentialen des Lactat/Pyruvat- und des DPNH/DPN-Systems wird auf 2 mV berechnet. In vivo zu messende Ablenkungen des Systems Glycerophosphat/Dihydroxyacetonphosphat werden im Zusammenhang mit der Stromstärke des Glycerophosphat-Cyclus behandelt.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Equilibria ; Nonequilibrium ; Glycolysis system ; Metabolism ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The relationship between the metabolic throughput within the network of energy-furnishing metabolism and the deviation of its composite reacting units from equilibrium is discussed. Measurements have been made of the steady-state relaxation times, and, following a suggestion by Alberty, their application is described. The results confirm and extend the concepts of intracellular redox relationships which the authors' research group outlined five years ago in this journal. The maximum difference between the redox potentials of the lactate/pyruvate and of the DPN/DPNH systems was calculated to be 2 mV. Deviations of the α-glycerophosphate/dihydroxyacetone phosphate system measured in vivo are correlated with the rate of flow in the glycerophosphate cycle.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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