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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antibodies Reactive to Trypanosoma cruzi Epimastigotes or Amastigotes Express Different Idiotypic Patterns if from Patients with Different Clinical Forms of Chagas' Disease (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 43 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Antibodies (Abs) were purified from pooled sera of patients with either indeterminate (IND or I) or cardiac (CARD or C) Chagas' disease, on either epimastigote (EPI or E) or amastigote-enriched (AMAST or A) antigen (Ag) columns and their idiotypic (Id) expression examined. Anti-Id rabbit Abs were raised to the different preparations (E-IdI, E-IdC, A-IdI and A-IdC). Competitive ELISAs using anti-Ids were able to discriminate between IdI and IdC, disregarding Ag reactivity. E-IdI and A-IdI present different inhibitory abilities, as do E-IdC and A-IdC, but IdC always competes with IdI for anti-IdI comparably. In contrast, a 4–8-fold increase of IdI is required to compete in parallel with IdC for anti-IdC. Therefore, Ids from IND patients share only low levels of the Ids that are most characteristic of CARD patients. While some CARD Abs also express Ids in common with IND patients, these studies reveal that CARD Abs express some Ids that are characteristic to only CARD patients, and these Ids are present on Abs purified with either EPI or AMAST.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-262.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An ultrastructure study of the in vitro effects of L-leucine methyl ester and ammonium chloride on Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes (1996)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 82 (1996), S. 285-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes were subjected to the lysosomotropic agents L-leucine methyl ester and ammonium chloride to determine their effects on the ultrastructure of the parasite. The lysosomotropic agents applied to epimastigotes caused a time-dependent alteration in the morphology of the cells marked by a 5-fold increase in the number of lysosomes. Continued exposure to ammonium chloride caused slight disruption of the reservosomes. The amino acid ester, however, while causing the parasite to swell after prolonged exposure (e.g., 24 h), had little effect on the reservosomes, the kinetoplast, or even the mitochondrion. A specific inhibitor of cysteine proteinases provided some protection for lysosomes from the effects of the amino acid ester. Although it is agreed that reservosomes are similar to endosomes, no lysosomal fusion with the reservosomes was observed. Acid phosphatase activity was observed only in lysosomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004360050115
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The in vitro effects of extracellular adenosine triphosphate on the ultrastructure of Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes (1997)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 83 (1997), S. 624-626 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Incubation for 24 h in culture medium containing 50 mM adenosine triphosphate (ATP) produces distinct alterations in the ultrastructure of Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes, most obvious of which is the formation of large membrane-bound vacuoles in the cytosol. These vacuoles become positive following exposure to the macromolecule horseradish peroxidase (HRP). After a 20-min chase in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) the HRP-positive vacuoles begin to separate into discrete structures such that after a 60-min chase, obvious reservosomes are identifiable. It is hypothesized that extracellular ATP causes increased permeability of the epimastigote's plasma membrane, resulting in ionic fluxes that, in turn, interfere with the normal formation of reservosomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004360050308
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of the antitubulin drug trifluralin on the proliferation and metacyclogenesis of Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes (1999)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 85 (1999), S. 475-480 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes were exposed to varying micromolar concentrations of the dinitroaniline antitubulin trifluralin. The effects of trifluralin on parasite proliferation, metacyclogenesis, morphology, and uptake of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were investigated. Parasites exposed to the antitubulin showed some ultrastructural alterations, i.e., formation in some parasites of large, membrane-delimited vacuoles and a significant decrease in the number of HRP-positive reservosomes. Whereas there was no perceptible change in the morphology of either subpellicular or flagellar microtubules, there was a significant inhibition of proliferation and metacyclogenesis at trifluralin concentrations in excess of 100 μM. These concentrations were considerably higher than those reported to produce similar results in Leishmania spp. and T. brucei brucei.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004360050580
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural effects of the chelating agent 1,10-phenanthroline on Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes in vitro (1998)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 84 (1998), S. 399-402 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The in vitro effects of the metal chelator 1,10-phenanthroline (OPHEN) on the ultrastructure of Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes were investigated. Epimastigotes treated with OPHEN display swelling and electron-dense deposits in the kinetoplast, mitochondrion, and cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum. These morphological alterations are dose-dependent and first appear at an OPHEN concentration of 5.0 μg/ml. Analytical electron microscope examination indicates that the metallic portion of the electron-dense deposits is predominantly calcium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004360050417
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