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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bradford : Emerald
    Anti-corrosion 52 (2005), S. 226-232 
    ISSN: 0003-5599
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Purpose - Copper and its alloys are widely used in industries because of their good resistance to corrosion and are often used in cooling water systems. Brass has been widely used for shipboard condensers, power plant condensers and petrochemical heat exchangers. Brass is susceptible to the corrosion process known as dezincification by means of which brass looses its valuable physical and mechanical properties leading to failure of structure. The aim of this investigation was to control the dezincification of brass in 3 per cent NaCl solution using benzotriazole (BTA) derivatives. Design/methodology/approach - BTA derivatives namely 1-hydroxymethylbenzotriazole (HBTA) and N,N-dibenzotriazol-l-ylmethylamine(ABTA) were synthesised and their inhibition behaviour on brass in 3 per cent NaCl solution was investigated by the weight-loss method, potentiodynamic polarisation, electrochemical impedance and solution analysis techniques. The morphology of the brass after corrosion in the presence and absence of the BTA derivatives was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Findings - Potentiodynamic polarisation studies showed that the BTA derivatives investigated were mixed type inhibitors, inhibiting the corrosion of brass by blocking the active sites of the brass surface. Changes in the impedance parameters (charge transfer resistance and double layer capacitance) were related to the adsorption of BTA derivatives on the brass surface, leading to the formation of a protective film. Solution analysis revealed that the BTA derivatives excellently controlled the corrosion of brass. SEM micrographs showed the formation of compact surface film on the brass surface in the presence of inhibitors, thereby providing better corrosion inhibition. Originality/value - Contributes to research on corrosion protection for copper and its alloys.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0272-7714
    Keywords: Hiroshima Bay ; bacteria ; biomass ; community structure ; phospholipid ester-linked fatty acids ; polyunsaturated fatty acids ; sediment ; sulphate-reducing bacteria
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Geography , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Heliothis armigera ; Bacillus thuringiensis var ; galleriae ; δ-endotoxin ; plant phenolics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Bioassays with Bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae Berliner δ-endotoxin and plant phenolics on Heliothis armigera Hübner enhanced the activity of B.t. var. galleriae endotoxin. The presence of plant phenolics with B.t var. galleria endotoxin not only reduced feeding potential and weight gain by the larvae, but also enhanced the LC50 value of the toxin. Our study demonstrates the effect of phytochemicals from resistant crop plants on the biocidal activity of B. thuringiensis strains in laboratory conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 393 (1999), S. 117-125 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: microbial communities ; biomass ; biomarkers ; eutrophication ; season ; sediments
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Seasonal changes in sedimentary microbial communities were investigated using biomarker analysis from samples collected in spring and autumn 1995 from Hiroshima Bay and Suo Nada of the Seto Inland Sea of Japan. Surface sediment samples were analysed for several sediment parameters and phospholipid ester-linked fatty acids (PLFA). Total PLFA concentration, which is indicative of microbial biomass, was high in autumn and low in spring in Hiroshima Bay but no such significant seasonal difference of PLFA concentration was observed in Suo Nada. PLFA composition of the sediments were dominated by saturated PLFA, branched PLFA and monounsaturated PLFA. Regional variation in the PLFA composition was less pronounced than the seasonal variation. The presence of the characteristic polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) revealed that microeukaryotes were always present in small proportions. The aerobic prokaryotes and eukaryotes group were predominant in spring, whereas in autumn, the Gram-positive bacteria group was predominant. Monounsaturated PLFA/branched PLFA ratio was high in spring and low in autumn, indicating the relative dominance of these biomarker fatty acids. Significant seasonal differences of sediment parameters, PLFA groups and microbial groups were observed in Hiroshima Bay. In Suo Nada, these parameters showed similar patterns to Hiroshima Bay but the differences of most of the parameters were insignificant. Furthermore, principal components analysis (PCA) revealed a significant shift in microbial community structure between the two seasons, indicating a clear response of microbial communities to changes in sediment parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seasonal changes ; juvenile ; penaeid prawns ; mangrove ; Rhizophora
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Juvenile penaeid prawn distribution, composition and density were assessed, along with environmental factors at three hour intervals during 24-h in four different seasons in a Rhizophora mangal at Pichavaram, southeast India. Eight species of penaeid prawns were recorded. Metapenaeus monoceros and M. brevicornis were dominant during all seasons. Total prawn catch exhibited diel variation and their length showed seasonal variation. Of the environmental factors, salinity significantly correlated with 1. short-term diel variation in prawn density (r = 0.345), and 2. long-term seasonal variation in prawn size (r = −0.33 to −0.65). Management practices for conserving and enhancing the prawn resources in the mangrove creeks are suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Lasers in medical science 15 (2000), S. 252-256 
    ISSN: 1435-604X
    Keywords: Keywords: Argon plasma coagulation; Expandable metal stents; GaAlAs diode laser; Nd-YAG laser; Stent overgrowth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Physics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract . Thermal lasers and argon plasma coagulation are widely used in the treatment of stent overgrowth in patients with advanced oesophageal malignancy. The aim of treatment is to achieve patency while avoiding damage to the prosthesis. This experimental study was designed to determine the power and duration of application that can be safely tolerated by four different types of oesophageal prostheses. Five stents were studied: wall stent; open metal mesh stent (uncovered Ultraflex); covered metal mesh stent (covered Ultraflex); Gianturco (Z-stent); Esophagocoil. Nd-YAG Laser, GaAlAs diode laser and argon plasma coagulation were applied in non-contact mode at gradually increasing power levels and duration and the effects were observed. The use of argon plasma coagulation on Esophagocoil stent seems safe in power settings of 100 W up to 10 s. The diode laser is intermediate in that Gianturco and Esophagocoil stents can withstand pulses of up to 50 W for about 2 s. The Nd-YAG laser is detrimental to most stents at power levels of 20 W. Only the Esophagocoil withstands Nd-YAG pulses of 60 W but only up to 1 s. Wallstent, open and membrane-covered mesh stents perform poorly in that they can only tolerate up to 1.5 s of power at 25 W with the Diode and 1.0 s of power at 20 W with Nd-YAG laser. The use of different thermal modalities on the five stents has indicated safe power limits and duration. Membrane-covered stents are always damaged by thermal laser application unless the membrane is truly transparent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Potentiodynamic anodic cyclic polarization experiments on type 316L stainless steel and 6Mo super austenitic stainless steels were carried out in simulated flue-gas desulphurization (FGD) environment in order to assess the localized corrosion resistance. The pitting corrosion resistance was higher in the case of the super austenitic stainless steel containing 6Mo and a higher amount of nitrogen. The pit-protection potential of these alloys was more noble than the corrosion potential, indicating the higher repassivation tendency of actively growing pits in these alloys. The accelerated leaching study conducted for the above alloys showed that the super austenitic stainless steels have a little tendency for leaching of metal ions such as iron, chromium and nickel at different impressed potentials. This may be due to surface segregation of nitrogen as CrN, which would, in turn, enrich a chromium and molybdenum mixed oxide film and thus impedes the release of metal ions. The present study indicates that the 6Mo super austenitics can be adopted as a promising replacement for the currently used type 316L stainless steel as the construction material for FGD plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 17 (1998), S. 519-522 
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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