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  • 1
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Retention volumes, Vs, 1, and isosteric heats of adsorption, Q1, at low surface coverages on graphitized thermal carbon black for C6−C10 n-alkynes have been determined and correlated with their structure. Linear dependences of log Vs, 1 and Q1 on n the number of carbon atoms in the molecule of the alkyne have been observed. Introduction of the triple bond into the molecule decreases the Vs, 1 and Q1 values compared to those of the corresponding n-alkanes and n-alkenes. Comparison with n-alkenes shows rather small differences between Q1 values for internal n-alkynes and corresponding normal cis-alkenes. For the same n and position of the multiple bond the individual compounds elute in the following order: n-alkyne, cis-n-alkene (sometimes simultaneously), trans-n-alkene, n-alkane. At the same time, the Q1 values increase as the triple bond shifts from the centre of the molecule towards the second carbon atom and then decrease again for 1-n-alkynes The isosteric heats of adsorption of n-1-alkynes are approximately 0.4–1.7 kJ mole−1 lower than those for n-1-alkenes. The regularities of adsorption of C6−C10 nomal alkenes and some 1-alkynes, up to 1-hexyne, on graphitized thermal carbon black (GTCB) have been investigated in previvous papers [1–3]. In this paper the gas chromatographic investigation of adsorption of unsaturated hydrocarbons on GTCB has been extended to isomeric C6−C10 n-alkynes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurden die Retentionsvolumina, differentielle Adsorptionswärmen, Änderungen des chemischen Potentials und Entropieänderungen des Adsorbates bei geringer Belegung der Oberfläche des graphitierten thermischen Rußes (GTR) für die Reihe der n-Alkene C6−C10 bestimmt. Die Retention von n-Alkenen auf einer homogenen unspezifischen Oberfläche (GTR) wird grundsätzlich durch cis-trans-Isomerie bestimmt, ebenso hängt sie auch von der Lage der Doppelbindung ab. Bei gleichem Molekulargewicht werden zuerst die cis-Isomere eluiert. Ihre Retentionszeiten verlängern sich mit der Verlagerung der Doppelbindung aus der Mitte zum Ende des Moleküls. Den cis-Isomeren folgen trans-Isomere in derselben Reihenfolge. Die Trennbarkeit der geometrischen Isomere vergrößert sich in der Reihe: 3-Alkene〈2-Alkene〈4- und 5-Alkene. Die Differenzen der isosterischen Adsorptionswärmen für die geometrischen Isomere betragen 0.2–0.5 kcal Mol−1. Für die analytische Trennung von cis-trans-Isomeren der n-Alkene kann die Adsorptions-Gas-Chromatographie auf GTR empfohlen werden.
    Abstract: Résumé On a déterminé les volumes de rétention, les chaleurs d'adsorption, les changements de potentiel chimique d'adsorbat et d'entropie d'adsorption sur le Noir de carbone graphitisé par voie thermique (NCTG) pour des n-alcènes C6−C10, dans le cas où le taux de recouvrement de la surface de l'adsorbant est faible. Les différences de rétention des n-alcènes sur la surface adsorbante non spécifique et très homogène du Noir de carbone graphitisé par voie thermique (GTCB) sont principalement dûes à l'isomérie cis-trans, mais également, à la position de la double liaison dans la molécule d'alcène. A masses moléculaires égales, les isomères cis sont élués les premiers. Leurs temps de rétention croit lorsque la double liaison s'éloigne du centre de la molécule. Dans tous les cas, l'isomère cis est suivi par l'isomère trans. La résolution des pics correspondant aux isomères cis et trans croit dans l'ordre: 3-alcènes〈2-alcènes〈4-alcènes et 5-alcènes. Les différences dans les chaleurs isostériques d'adsorption des isomères géométriques sont comprises entre 0,2 et 0,5 kcal·mole−1. On peut recommander l'emploi du Noir de carbone graphitisé par voie thermique (GTCB) pour la séparation des isomères cis-trans des n-alcènes par chromatographie gaz-solide.
    Notes: Summary The retention volumes, differential heats of adsorption, the standard change in the chemical potential of adsorbate and entropies of adsorption at low surface coverages of graphitized thermal carbon black (GTCB) for n-alkenes C6−C10 have been determined. Differences in retention of n-alkenes on the highly homogeneous non-specific surface of GTCB is determined principally by their cis-trans isomerism but is dependent on the position of the double bond, too. At equal molecular mass cis-isomers are eluted first. Their retention times increase with shifting of the double bond from the centre towards the end of the molecule. Cis-isomers are followed by trans-isomers in the same order. Resolution of cis-trans-isomers increases in order: 3-alkenes〈2-alkenes〈4- and 5-alkenes. Differences in the isosteric heats of adsorption of geometric isomers have been found to be about 0.2–0.5 kcal mole−1. GTCB can be recommended for separating cis-trans isomers of n-alkenes by gas solid chromatography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 13 (1978), S. 181-183 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In a strong electric field the molecular ions of n-alkenes ≤C-12 decompose via cleavage of the C—C bond β to the double bond to form the characteristic alkenyl ions that may be used for the identification of positional isomers. For 3-alkenes (〉C-10), 4-, 5- and 6-alkenes the formation of the ions with m/e 54 via double β-cleavage is typical. The field ionization mass spectra of the cis and trans isomers are indistinguishable.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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