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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 19 (1972), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 24-Hydroxycholesterol (cerebrosterol, cholest-5-ene-3β;, 24ξ-diol) occurs at low levels in human (Di Frisco, De Ruggieri and Ercoli, 1953; Ercoli and De Ruggieri, 1953a, 19536; Schubert, Rose and Burger, 1961; Van Lier and Smith, 1969, 1970), equine (Ercoli, Di Frisco and De Ruggieri, 1953a; Ercoli and De Ruggieri, 1953a, 1953b; Fieser, Huang and Bhattacharyya, 1957) and bovine (Richter and Dannenberg, 1969) brain tissue. Only one of two possible C-24 epimeric alcohols appears to occur in human brain (Van Lier and Smith, 1970) and the sterol may be regarded as a true endogenous trace-level sterol and not as an artifact of autoxidation derived during isolation and analysis. As a phase of our continuing interests in the presence of trace-level polar sterols in human tissues (Van Lier and Smith, 1967, 1969, 1970, 1971a; Smith and Van Lier, 1970), we sought to measure levels of 24-hydroxycholesterol in different parts of human brain by gas chromatographic means. The present report deals with our measurements of 24-hydroxycholesterol in human cortex, subcortical white matter, midbrain, pons, and cerebellum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Materials and structures 7 (1974), S. 119-125 
    ISSN: 1359-5997
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé On rend compte des tentatives couronnées de succès faites pour obtenir des mélanges à fort allongement et à faible teneur en air utilisables en membranes minces comme matériaux intercalaires dans les revêtements de routes. L'emploi de ce matériau entre la couche d'usure et le support d'un revêtement flexible devrait contribuer à atténuer l'effet des contraintes thermiques, à entraver la fissuration déterminée par la fondation et à dimineur la migration d'eau. Le mélange final était composé de parties approximativement égales de lambeaux de pneus triturés, de sable et de bitume. On donne la relation de base et les études statistiques relatives aux essais de traction paramétriques du nouveau compsite. On a déjà montré que l'application de ce matériau contribuerait simultanément à rendre moins préoccupant de probème des déchets solides que posent les pneus au rebut et à améliorer le bon état structural des revêtements flexibles.
    Notes: Abstract The materials characterization for a new procedure to reduce pavement cracking was presented. The viscoelastic properties of several mixes were determined to ascertain optimum bitumen content and composition of aggregates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Materials and structures 5 (1972), S. 221-229 
    ISSN: 1359-5997
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Une bonne part des discussions relatives au problème de l'élimination des déchets solides semble s'être concentrée sur la façon soit de les traiter chimiquement, soit de les brûler ou de les enterrer. L'incinération ne paraît pas compatible avec les soucis actuels de pollution de l'air, et, accomplie en vase clos, elle est coûteuse. Enterrer les déchets n'est pas non plus une solution viable étant donné l'augmentation du coût des terrains, et les fondations qu'on obtiendrait ainsi ne paraissent pas souhaitables pour les bâtiments futurs. On peut penser que les méthodes mécaniques de recyclage de ces matériaux offrent la meilleure solution potentielle. Cette solution peut être atteinte par l'analyse de système opérée par des équipes interdisciplinaires reposant sur des spécialistes de l'analyse des matériaux, des études de machines, et sur des ingénieurs constructeurs. Les spécialistes de l'analyse des matértaux peuvent accomplir les recherches nécessaires afin, de déterminer la forme, l'aspect et la constitution des matériaux, le constructeur de machines peut fournir l'appareillage propre à traiter économiquement les matériaux, et l'ingénieur constructeur jugera et décidera des applications. Dans cet article, on examine les obstacles aux solutions possibles, les quantités et les coûts des déchets solides, quelques tentatives de recherche antérieures et les résultats de plusieurs études de faisabilité relatives à l'utilisation des déchets pour l'amélioration de la construction. Cette récente recherche est unique, car on s'est servi de méthodes aérospatiales pour évaluer de nouveaux types de matériaux de construction, tels que les bouteilles de bière, les pneus, les récipients en matière plastique et les déchets animaux.
    Notes: Abstract This paper considers the current amount of wasted solids, costs disposal, and some of the problems impeding solutions. Research efforts on recycling of various new types of construction materials such as beer bottles, scrap tires plastic milk jugs, and animal waste were discussed. New procedures were used for better evaluations in the reported feasibility studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 11 (1971), S. 363-369 
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A satisfactory method was developed for evaluating the holding characteristics of fasteners in bone. Using this method in over 100 tests, the ultimate pull-out forces and shear stresses were determined for two sizes of sheet-metal type of screws with various interference fits, for a commercial orthopedic self-tapping screw, and for two sizes of machine screws in tapped bone, each at five sections of equine metacarpus. The ultimate pull-out force was maximum at the midlength of the bone, and minimum at the distal end. In general, the failure mechanisms were bone-thread shear for low pull-out forces, bone splitting at intermediate pull-out forces, and bone fragmentation at high pull-out forces. The failure mechanisms of the bone indicate that orthopedic fasteners should possibly not be designed for maximum holding force.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 11 (1971), S. 363-369 
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A satisfactory method was developed for evaluating the holding characteristics of fasteners in bone. Using this method in over 100 tests, the ultimate pull-out forces and shear stresses were determined for two sizes of sheet-metal type of screws with various interference fits, for a commercial orthopedic self-tapping screw, and for two sizes of machine screws in tapped bone, each at five sections of equine metacarpus. The ultimate pull-out force was maximum at the midlength of the bone, and minimum at the distal end. In general, the failure mechanisms were bone-thread shear for low pull-out forces, bone splitting at intermediate pull-out forces, and bone fragmentation at high pull-out forces. The failure mechanisms of the bone indicate that orthopedic fasteners should possibly not be designed for maximum holding force.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 10 (1970), S. 474-480 
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The reported work is a part of an ongoing research program concerned with structural analysis of fractured long bone and methods of internal fixation. The stress-concentration factors for equine metacarpus bones containing greenstick fractures and “through” fractures (surgically repaired) were determined for the compression, flexural and torsional modes of loading based on whole bone (unfractured) strengths. The greenstick type of fracture was simulated with saw cuts at the mid-span of the bone, and the parameters varied were depth of fracture and orientation of fracture. All specimens consisted of fresh dead bone which had been placed in a freezer within 4 hr after expiration. The maximum stress-concentration factors for the simulated greenstick fractures studied were about 3.4 for compression, 4.3 for torsion and 16 for flexure. The stressconcentration factors for fractured bones surgically repaired with commercial plates were about 3.0 for compression, 2.7 for torsion and 6.1 for flexure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 63-79 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The flexural tests on 37 whole equine metacarpus bones are described and the results are given in terms of fundamental material properties as a function of age. The moduli of elasticity, rupture, and failure increase then decrease with increasing age. The rupture and failure deformations decrease with age. The stiffness and fragility indices increase with age. Averaging the data for all ages, the modulus of rupture was 35 ksi, the deflection at rupture was 0.22 inches, and the modulus of elasticity was 1.7 × 10 psi. The flexural rupture strength is about twice the uniaxial compression strength and about five times greater than the torsional strength for whole bone tests. The moduli of elasticity are about the same for flexure and uniaxial compression, and about five times greater than the torsional modulus of rigidity for whole equine bone.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 389-405 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: This paper deals with the performance of current designs of bone fixation plates, mountedon the anterior surface of fractued equine third metacarpale and tested in uniaxial compression. A full factorial experimental design on three variables, plate length, plate width, and fasterner size provided 27 different variations of the basic design. No replicate ests were conducted. All loads were normalized on mid-shaft done gemetry and compared to he ultimate compressive strength that could be expected of a similar bone of the same age. No capacities above 33% of the strength of an unfractured bone were observed.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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