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Expressed Emotion in Depressed Patients and Their Partners (1992)

Florin, Irmela ; Nostadt, Anja ; Reck, Corinna ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Family process 31 (1992), S. 0

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ISSN: 1545-5300

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Psychology

Notes: This study was designed to assess the expressed emotion (EE) status in the spouses of depressed patients and the patients themselves, to relate the EE status to the severity of depression as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and to compare the prevalence of high EE between the target and control group. Seventeen depressed patients and their spouses, and 20 control couples participated in the study. The Five-Minute Speech Sample was used to assess the EE status. High EE was significantly more common in spouses of depressed patients and the patients themselves than in controls. There was a significant relationship between the EE status of the patients and their spouses. High EE in the patient and in the spouse corresponded significantly with a high BDI score of the patient. These findings underline the importance that in EE research the patients' EE status as well as their present mental health state must also be taken into account.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1545-5300.1992.00163.x

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Kritische Lebensereignisse im 2-Jahresverlauf der „Major Depression”Eine prospektive Studie mit stationär behandelten Patienten (1999)

Reck, Corinna ; Backenstraß, M. ; Kronmüller, K.-T. ; [et al.]

Springer

Der Nervenarzt 70 (1999), S. 637-644

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ISSN: 1433-0407

Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Kritische Lebensereignisse/Lebensbedingungen ; Endogene Depression ; Prospektivstudie ; Krankheitsverlauf ; Gesunde Kontrollgruppe ; Key words Life events/life conditions ; Endogenous depression ; Prospective study ; Prognosis ; Healthy controls

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Description / Table of Contents: Summary A number of studies has shown a significant relationship between life events/life conditions and depression. However, there is only a small number of studies investigating the effect of life events/life conditions in patients with severe depression from the endogenous subtype. The results are inconsistent. The present study examines the significance of the patients’ life events/life conditions for the two year outcome of the illness in a prospective study with assessments every three months. Patients are compared to healthy controls with regard to the period three months prior to the admission to the hospital at the index episode. The results confirm the importance of life events and life conditions for the long term outcome of depressed patients with endogenous subtype respectively severe major depression in-patients. Relapsers show considerably more undesirable life conditions than non-relapsers three to six months prior to their relapse. Depressed patients indicate significantly more undesirable life events and life conditions and fewer desirable life conditions in comparison to the control group for the time span three months prior to their hospitalisation. Clinical implications are discussed.

Notes: Zusammenfassung In zahlreichen Studien konnten signifikante Zusammenhänge zwischen kritischen Lebensereignissen/Lebensbedingungen und Depressionen nachgewiesen werden. Es liegen jedoch nur wenige und inkonsistente Befunde zu der Bedeutsamkeit von kritischen Lebensereignissen bei schwer depressiven Patienten des endogenen Subtyps bzw. schwer depressiven stationär behandelten Patienten mit Major Depression vor. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht in einem prospektiven Längsschnittdesign über einen Zeitraum von zwei Jahren in dreimonatigen Abständen die rückfallprädiktive Bedeutung von kritischen Lebensereignissen für den Krankheitsverlauf endogen depressiver Patienten. Des weiteren werden gesunde Kontrollpersonen in einem Querschnittdesign mit den depressiven Patienten in dem Zeitraum drei Monate vor der Kliniksaufnahme verglichen. Rückfallpatienten weisen drei und sechs Monate vor dem Rückfall signifikant mehr unerwünschte Lebensbedingungen auf als Patienten mit einem günstigen Verlauf. Bezogen auf die drei Monate vor dem Klinikaufenthalt geben die endogen depressiven Patienten signifikant mehr unerwünschte Lebensereignisse und Lebensbedingungen und weniger erwünschte Lebensbedingungen an als die gesunden Kontrollpersonen. Die Ergebnisse werden unter klinischen Gesichtspunkten diskutiert.