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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 139 (1966), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 139 (1966), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 290 (1966), S. 202-210 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The mechanism of the defect in urinary concentrating capacity in potassium deficiency was investigated by measuring solute-free water reabsorption ( $$T_{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}} {\text{O}}}^{\text{C}}$$ ) in normal and hypokalemic rats undergoing mannitol diuresis. Since potassium-deficiency markedly lowered glomerular filtration rate (GFR), $$T_{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}} {\text{O}}}^{\text{C}}$$ was examined in normal rats whose GFR had been comparably reduced either acutely by aortic constriction or chronically by feeding a salt- and protein-free diet. By calculating the volume of filtrate delivered to the loop of Henle from the GFR and C osm it was found that in normal rats $$T_{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}} {\text{O}}}^{\text{C}}$$ was linearly related to volume delivery. At each level of volume delivery to the loop hypokalemic rats formed about half the normal amount of $$T_{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}} {\text{O}}}^{\text{C}}$$ . Decreased solute delivery to the loop of Henle, therefore, cannot be the cause of the concentrating defect in hypokalemia. It is concluded, therefore, that the impaired concentrating capacity in potassium deficiency results from defective sodium transport in the ascending limb of Henle's loop, so that at any level of sodium delivery to the loop less sodium is transported into the medulla and therefore less $$T_{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}} {\text{O}}}^{\text{C}}$$ is generated.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Der Mechanismus der verminderten Harnkonzentrierung bei Kaliummangel wurde anhand der Bestimmung des rückresorbierten freien Wassers ( $$T_{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}} {\text{O}}}^{\text{C}}$$ ) während Mannitoldiurese an normalen und hypokaliämischen Ratten untersucht. Da die glomeruläre Filtration der hypokaliämischen Ratten deutlich eingeschränkt war, wurde bei den normalen Tieren eine ähnliche Reduktion der glomerulären Filtration akut durch Constriction der Aorta und chronisch durch Fütterung einer NaCl- und Protein-freien Diät erreicht. Das in die Henlesche Schleife einströmende Primärharnvolumen wurde aus der glomerulären Filtration und der osmolaren Clearance (Cosm) berechnet. Das Konzentrationsvermögen ( $$T_{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}} {\text{O}}}^{\text{C}}$$ ) erwies sich als lineare Funktion des in die Henlesche Schleife einströmenden Primärharnvolumens. In hypokaliämischen Ratten war das Konzentrationsvermögen ( $$T_{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}} {\text{O}}}^{\text{C}}$$ ) verglichen mit dem in die Henlesche Schleife einströmenden Primärharnvolumen, im ganzen Bereich auf ungefähr die Hälfte eingeschränkt. Daraus wird geschlossen, daß die eingeschränkte Harnkonzentrierung bei Hypokaliämie durch verminderten Natriumtransport im aufsteigenden Schenkel der Henleschen Schleife verursacht wird, und zwar derart, daß von der in die Henlesche Schleife einströmenden Natriummenge ein geringerer Anteil ins Nierenmark transportiert wird und deshalb weniger $$T_{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}} {\text{O}}}^{\text{C}}$$ gebildet werden kann.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Acidification ; Bicarbonate reabsorption ; Sodium reabsorption ; (Na++K+)-ATPase ; Microcalorimetry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Recent in vitro studies from the rat and rabbit have suggested a tightly coupled sodium/hydrogen ion exchanger on the luminal membrane of proximal tubules. The steep sodium gradient from the lumen to cell supplies indirect energy for hydrogen ions to be pumped from the cell to the lumen. However, a proton translocating pump has been demonstrated in other epithelia, which is independent of sodium transport and directly driven by ATP. To examine the role that sodium might play in the process of acidification, rat proximal convoluted tubules and their surrounding peritubular capillaries were perfused in vivo with artificial ultrafiltrate-like perfusion solutions. Total CO2 absorption was measured by microcalorimetry during alterations in sodium transport by replacement of the sodium with an impermeant cation, choline, or by inhibition of the (Na++K+)-ATPase by removing potassium from both perfusion solutions. Under control conditions the absolute rate of total CO2 absorption was 140 pmol/mm·min. In the choline substitution and potassium removal experiments, absolute total CO2 absorption fell to 23 and 28 pmol/mm·min, respectively. The data suggest that: 1) in the rat superficial proximal convoluted tubule approximately 80% of the bicarbonate absorption is tightly coupled to sodium transport; 2) this process is driven indirectly by the (Na++K+)-ATPase system; and 3) the residual 20% of acidification appears to be mediated by another mechanism or may be a consequence of technical liminations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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