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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 255 (1975), S. 329-330 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The tumours used in the present study have previously been shown to produce lung nodules following intravenous inoculation of single tumour cell suspensions11'12. Epithe-lioma Spl arose spontaneously in a female rat from our own inbred colony, and sarcoma Mc7 was induced by subcutaneous inoculation ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Interleukin-2 ; LAK cells ; Low pH
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The short-term exposure of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to recombinant human interleukin-2 (rhIL-2) at 37°C leads to the generation of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) activity similar in magnitude to that obtained by the exposure of PBMC to rhIL-2 continuously for 3–5 days. In order to investigate whether the required signal for LAK induction occurred during the short exposure to rhIL-2 or at a later point in the induction phase, PBMC were exposed to rhIL-2 for 1 h at 4°C and then exposed to a low-pH wash to remove bound IL-2 from its receptor. PBMC treated in such a way showed increased LAK activity and proliferation compared to cells exposed to rhIL-2 alone. Expression of the p55 (α) subunit of the IL-2 receptor was also increased. In order to cause the augmentation, a lowering of the pH below 4.0 was necessary, and exposure of PBMC to low pH alone (in the absence of rhIL-2) failed to cause activation. Another relevant feature was a transient increase in the expression of the p75 subunit of the IL-2 receptor (β chain) immediately following the exposure to low pH and the release of interferon γ, tumour necrosis factor α and IL-6; activation was blocked by the inclusion of neutralising antisera raised against rhIL-2 and interferon γ, thus demonstrating that the endogenous release of these cytokines is important for activation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 249 (1974), S. 567-569 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The tumours were maintained by serial, subcutaneous inoculation of tumour fragments at 2-3 week intervals. For inoculation of experimental animals, small tumours of 10-15 mm diameter were removed from the animals, freed from normal and necrotic tissue and washed with Hank's saline. They were then ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 252 (1974), S. 751-753 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Here we present results which demonstrate that embryonic antigen isolated from two rat hepatomas is capable of inhibiting the cytotoxicity of lymphocytes specifically sensitised to embryonic antigen component against hepatoma cells in vitro. This mechanism is similar to that shown for the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 8 (1980), S. 119-126 
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cells derived from HSV-induced tumour lines were attenuated by X-irradiation (15,000 rads) and used to immunize groups of hamsters prior to challenge with homologous tumour cells. The results indicate that the three HSV tumours studied possess a weak transplantation antigen(s). Some cross-immunity between these tumours was observed, although the rejection antigen(s) were distinct from those of a SV40-induced hamster tumour line. Bacillus Calmétte-Guérin (BCG) inoculated in admixture with X-irradiated tumour cells or given 7 days prior to immunization with X-irradiated tumour cells increased host immunocompetence to subsequent tumour cell challenge. Thus, immunization with BCG was shown to induce a higher level of immunity than immunization with attenuated tumour cells alone, as demonstrated on re-challenge of hamsters with homologous tumour cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 41 (1973), S. 116-126 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Mice immunized with 3 or 5 doses of cell-free extract from adenovirus 12-induced tumour cells were relatively immune to subsequent challenge with 5 × 105 viable adenovirus 12-induced tumour cells. Using spleen cell transfer experiments, this immunity was shown to be cell mediated. Thus, subcutaneous inoculation with spleen cells from mice immunized with tumour extract together with tumour cells in a 15∶1 ratio, respectively, inhibited tumour growth, as shown by a reduction in tumour incidence and the size of tumours, compared to the control mice inoculated with tumour cells and normal mouse spleen cells. When the tumour cells and spleen cells were given by different routes of inoculation, inhibition was not as marked as when the two were given together. Mice inoculated with spleen cells, from mice immune to challenge with live tumour cells (tumour immune mice) or spleen cells from mice bearing large transplantable tumours, were shown to be relatively immune to transplanted tumour cells. Transfer of serum from mice immunized with tumour extract to normal mice did not confer any immunity to transplanted tumour cell challenge; tumour growth was neither retarded or enhanced, compared to control mice given normal CBA mouse serum. Transfer of serum from mice immune to tumour cell challenge also did not affect the growth of tumours. However, transfer of serum from tumour-bearing mice resulted in an apparent earlier development of tumours in two distinct experiments; however, in neither experiment was the difference statistically significant compared to the tumour incidence in control mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Clinical & experimental metastasis 8 (1990), S. 475-489 
    ISSN: 1573-7276
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The nature of the relationship between agonist-stimulated cyclic AMP production and metastatic potential was examined in detail for four B16 melanoma cell lines of varying metastatic potential. Highly metastatic cells (B16 F10C1) appeared to differ from cells of low metastatic potential (B16 F1C29) in the degree to which cyclic AMP production in intact cells was stimulated by protein kinase C activation. No significant difference was found in the adenylate cyclase enzyme activities of the broken cells, irrespective of the agonist used, or in the distribution of cyclic AMP between the intracellular and extracellular compartment. Although B16 F1, F10 and F10C1 cells all produced equally pigmented tumors in vivo, the cells differed in their melanogenic response to cyclic AMP elevating agents in vitro: the least metastatic cells produced least agonist-induced cyclic AMP but this induced greatest tyrosinase activation and melanin production in vitro; conversely, the more metastatic cells produced more cyclic AMP but less tyrosinase activation and melanin production in response to agonist stimulation. Thus, agonist-stimulated cyclic AMP production does not appear to be coupled to the differentiated function of melanogenesis for highly metastatic B16 melanoma cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-7276
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A positive association between agonist-stimulated cyclic AMP production in vitro and both experimentally induced (B16 melanoma) and spontaneous (fibrosarcoma) metastases were found. Five B16 melanoma cell lines producing varying degrees of lung colonization following intravenous injection and three hamster fibrosarcoma cell lines producing a varying number of metastases in lungs and regional lymph nodes after removal of the primary tumour were studied. Agonist-stimulated (forskolin and melanocyte-stimulating hormone), but not basal cyclic AMP accumulation, increased with increasing metastatic potential. This relationship did not extend to other intracellular signalling systems as determined by investigation of basal or foetal-calf stimulated phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis for either tumour type. Intracellular free calcium was also similar in B16 melanoma cell lines of varying metastatic potential.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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