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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proceedings of the Symposium ‘Angiotensin AT1 Receptors: From Molecular Physiology to Therapeutics’: REGULATION OF RENAL TUBULAR SODIUM TRANSPORT BY ANGIOTENSIN II AND ATRIAL NATRIURETIC FACTOR (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 23 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 〈list xml:id="l1" style="custom"〉1The effects of angiotensin II (AngII) on water and electrolyte transport are biphasic and dose-dependent, such that low concentrations (10−12 to 10−9 mol/L) stimulate reabsorption and high concentrations (10−7 to 10−6 mol/L) inhibit reabsorption. Similar dose-response relationships have been obtained for luminal and peritubular addition of AngII.2The cellular responses to AngII are mediated via AT1 receptors coupled via G-regulatory proteins to several possible signal transduction pathways. These include the inhibition of adenylyl cyclase, activation of phospholipases A2, C or D and Ca2+ release in response to inositol-1,4,5,-triphosphate or following Ca2+ channel opening induced by the arachidonic acid metabolite 5,6,-epoxy-eicosatrienoic acid. In the brush border membrane, transduction of the AngII signal involves phospholipase A2, but does not require second messengers.3Angiotensin II affects transepithelial sodium transport by modulation of Na+/H+ exchange at the luminal membrane and Na+/HCO3 cotransport, Na+/K+-ATPase activity and K+ conductance at the basolateral membrane.4Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) does not appear to affect proximal tubular sodium transport directly, but acts via specific receptors on the basolateral and brush border membranes to raise intracellular cGMP levels and inhibit AngII-stimulated transport.5It is concluded that there is a receptor-mediated action of ANF on proximal tubule reabsorption acting via elevation of cGMP to inhibit AngII-stimulated sodium transport. This effect is exerted by peptides delivered at both luminal and peritubular sides of the epithelium and provides a basis for the modulation by ANF of proximal glomerulotubular balance. The evidence reviewed supports the concept that in the proximal tubule, AngII and ANF act antagonistically in their roles as regulators of extracellular fluid volume.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1996.tb03071.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetically Targeted Calcium Sensors Enhance The Study Of Organelle Function In Living Cells (2000)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 27 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Understanding the regulation of calcium (Ca2+), the most common of the mineral ions within the human body, has always been of extreme interest to physiologists. While the importance of Ca2+ in contributing to physiological events through regulation of levels has been significantly established, seldom is consideration given to the intricacies of this ion and its mechanics in producing such diverse physiological responses in different regions of the cell.2. The present review will summarize new methodologies used in our laboratories for the study of two major intracellular organelles, mitochondria and the nucleus. These techniques are based predominantly on the use of molecular biological approaches to both create and then target protein-based sensor molecules to specific intracellular locations.3. The regulation of Ca2+ in the mitochondria and nucleus is of particular interest to us because of the central involvement of these organelles in: (i) cardiac cell responses during ischaemia/reperfusion; and (ii) the control of gene expression, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1681.2000.03327.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proceedings of the Australian Physiological and Pharmacological Society Symposium: New Frontiers in Muscle Research
Gene transfer: manipulating and monitoring function in cells and tissues (2001)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 28 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The ectopic expression of genes has proven to be an extremely valuable tool for biologists. The most widely used systems involve electrically or chemically mediated transfer of genes to immortalized cell lines and, at the other end of the spectrum, transgenic animal models. As would be expected, there are compromises to be made when using either of these broad approaches. Immortalized cell lines have limited ‘physiological relevance’ and transgenic approaches are costly and out of the reach of many laboratories. There is also significant time required for the de novo generation of a transgenic animal.2. As a viable alternative to these approaches, we describe the use of recombinant adenovirus and Sindbis virus to deliver genes to cells and tissues.3. We exemplify this approach with studies from our laboratories: (i) an investigation of Ca2+ handling deficits in cardiac myocytes of hypertrophied hearts using infection with recombinant adenovirus encoding either green fluorescent protein (GFP) or the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium-ATPase (Serca2a); (ii) a study of the mechanism of macrophage/microglial migration by infection of embryonic phagocytes with a GFP-encoding virus and coculture with brain slices to then track the movement of labelled cells; and (iii) we are also exploiting the natural tropism of the Sindbis virus to label neurons in hippocampal brain slices in culture to resolve high-resolution structure and to map neuronal connectivity.4. Further development of these approaches should open new avenues of investigation for the study of physiology in a range of cells and tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1681.2001.03504.x
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