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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 54 (1932), S. 3455-3456 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Chicago, Ill. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Modern Age. 15:2 (1971:Spring) 209 
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 69 (1991), S. 303-306 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Bone mass ; Free climbers ; SPA ; QCT
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The present investigation was carried out in healthy white adult males to determine the effects of exercise, in the form of free climbing, on peripheral and axial bone mass. 13 men who have been regularly engaging in alpine free climbing for a mean period of nine years and, for training purposes, have been performing additional muscle building exercises (4.5 h±1 SEM per week) and 12 age matched controls were included in the study. Bone mineral content of the non-dominant distal forearm was measured by single-photon absorptiometry, and bone mineral density of the lumbar spine was determined by quantitative computed tomography. It was found that consistent exercise in the form of alpine free climbing was associated with increased bone mass of the lumbar spine (162.4 ±4.4 vs 184.8 ±7.9 mg/ml, p〈 0.025). Peripheral bone mineral content of the distal forearm was slightly but not significantly increased in the free climbers (55.4 ±9.0 vs 61.1±7.4 Units, p〈0.09 N.S.). The study provides additional evidence that exercise in the form of alpine climbing, is associated with increased lumbar bone mass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Bone mass ; Bone turnover ; Partial gastrectomy ; Osteocalcin ; Procollagen I
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Since it has been suggested that gastric resections are followed by changes in bone metabolism, the aim of our study was to determine the biochemical parameters of bone metabolism and radial and lumbar bone density in 15 male ulcus patients treated by partial gastrectomy (Billroth II). Comparing the data with those of a corresponding control group, the lumbar bone density measured by quantitative computed tomography was statistically significantly lower (P 〈 0.04) in the patient group, whereas the peripheral bone mass of the distal part of the nondominant forearm measured by single-photon absorptiometry showed no statistically significant difference. In addition, a marked increase in alkaline phosphatase (P 〈 0.002) and urinary excretion of hydroxyproline (P 〈 0.003) was found in the gastrectomy group, whereas the 25-hydroxy-vitamin D levels were found to be significantly decreased (P 〈 0.04). Osteocalcin, a biochemical marker for osteoblast activity, and the carboxy-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP), a marker of collagen formation, were slightly but not significantly higher in gastrectomy-treated patients. The serum parathyroid hormone levels were similar in both groups. As none of the patients had any radiologic evidence of osteopenia, the changes in biochemical parameters of bone metabolism and bone mass in patients who had undergone partial gastrectomy could be a marker of latent bone loss.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 240 (1960), S. 210-217 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Versuche am Blutdruck der Spinalratte und der Spinalkatze sowie an der Nickhaut ergaben, daß sowohol Cocain als auch Pyrogallol zu einer Potenzierung der Adrenalinwirkung führen. Aber erst nach vorheriger Cocainisierung wurde die Adrenalinwirkung durch Pyrogallol nicht nur verstärkt, sondern auch wesentlich verlängert. Die Blutdrucksteigerung, die nach erstmaliger Cocaininjektion auftritt, unterbleibt nach vorheriger Verabreichung von Dihydroergotamin; sie wird daher als Catecholamin-Freisetzung durch Cocain erklärt. Aus den Versuchen wird angenommen, daß Cocain zunächst Catecholamine freisetzt. Danach sind die Gewebespeicher jedoch für die weitere Aufnahme von Catecholaminen blockiert. Dadurch gelangt injiziertes Adrenalin wohl in höherer Konzentration an die spezifischen Receptoren, an denen es eine Wirkung entfaltet, wird aber durch O-Methylierung rasch inaktiviert. Erst nach Hemmung der O-Methylierung durch Pyrogallol am cocainisierten Tier tritt infolge gleichzeitiger Blockierung des enzymatischen Abbaues und der Bindung im Gewebe eine Verlängerung der Adrenalinwirkung auf. Die Potenzierung der Catecholamine durch Cocain könnte demnach als Hemmung der Inaktivierung durch Ablagerung im Gewebe erklärt werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 204 (1967), S. 232-233 
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1433-2965
    Keywords: Bone formation ; Monofluorophosphate ; Osteocalcin ; Osteoporosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In a previous study we found that sustained-release monofluorophosphate (MFP-SR), a novel, sustained-release MFP preparation, acutely maintained the basal therapeutic serum fluoride levels without causing the high serum peak levels associated with plain MFP administration. The objective of the present study was to determine (a) whether chronic MFP-SR administration would provide therapeutic serum fluoride levels, and (b) whether treatment with this new preparation would result in an increase in bone formation similar to that achieved with plain MFP. Bone formation was assessed by serum osteocalcin (OC) determination. We studied 17 postmenopausal women older than 60 years and suffering from primary osteoporosis. All had received a minimum of 6 months of continuous treatment with plain MFP at a dose of 152 mg/day (76 mg b.i.d.). Upon entering the study, the subjects were randomized, in a double-masked protocol, to receive either MFP-SR (76 mg b.i.d.) (n=9) or placebo (n=8) for 2 months, after which all subjects returned to the original plain MFP regimen. Serum fluoride and serum OC levels were determined monthly for 3 months. At the beginning of the study serum fluoride levels were in the accepted therapeutic range (5–10 µM) in all patients. Serum fluoride levels were maintained in the patients switched to MFP-SR. In contrast, serum fluoride levels decreased significantly (p〈0.005) in the placebo-treated control subjects and returned to therapeutic levels upon switching back to plain MFP. Similarly, serum OC levels remained elevated in the subjects switched to MFP-SR but dropped significantly (p〈0.001) in the placebo-treated group. Our results demonstrate that chronic MFP-SR administration, at a dose of 152 mg/day, results in maintenance of therapeutic serum fluoride levels and in stimulation of bone formation. Because we have previously reported that high, supratherapeutic post-absorptive serum fluoride levels are avoided by MFP-SR administration, this novel preparation may prevent side effects associated with plain MFP by reducing the amount of fluoride deposited in bone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Unfallchirurg 103 (2000), S. 281-288 
    ISSN: 1433-044X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Frakturen ; Thorakolumbaler Übergang ; Konservative Behandlung ; Operative Behandlung ; Key words Fractures ; Thoracolumbar spine ; Conservative treatment ; Operative treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A total of 86 patients suffering from fractures of the thoracolumbar spine were followed up after an average time period of 57 months (12–98). Of these patients, 56 were treated operatively and 30 conservatively. According to the AO/ASIF classification, 66% of the operated group were fractures of type A, 29% of type B, and 5% of type C. All patients were operated on by means of dorsal locking instrumentation with pedicular fixation and, apart from six patients, with transpedicular cancellous bone grafting. The conservative group was treated according to the guidelines of Böhler with closed reduction, plaster cast, and rehabilitation program. All fractures in the conservative group were of type A. At follow-up of all operated cases, the local gibbus angle had improved by a reduction of on average 18.6° and was followed by a loss of correction of 12.5° ending in a final gain of 6.1° at follow-up. At follow-up of the conservatively treated cases, the local gibbus angle showed an improvement of 11.1° at reduction and a loss of correction of 14.9° after reduction. The remaining result was –3.6°, that means an increase of kyphoses compared to the x-ray at admission. In order to be able to compare two homogeneous groups only fractures of type A were used. Comparison of the two groups showed an improvement of the vertebral body angle of 70% (11.3°) after reduction in the surgical group and 46% (6.1°) in the conservatively treated group. The subsequent loss of correction was 19% (3°) in the surgical and 34% (4.5°) in the conservatively treated group. The remaining gain at follow-up was 51% (8.3°) in the surgical and only 12% (1.6°) in the conservative group. The local gibbus angle had improved on average by 17.1° after reduction in the surgical and by 11.1° in the conservatively treated group. Loss of correction was 71% (12.2°) and 132% (14.9°), respectively. The final result at follow-up showed a decrease of kyphosis of 4.9° in the surgical and an increase of kyphosis of 3.7° in the conservatively treated group. The difference was significant. Within the surgical group, 75% of the loss of correction was caused by the discs and 25% by the vertebral body. In the conservatively treated group it was 69% and 31%, respectively. Concerning loss of correction, no difference was seen between patients with and without intercorporal bone grafting. There was no relationship between radiological and clinical outcome. Whereas 15% of the patients of the surgical group were not satisfied or moderately satisfied with the result, all patients in the conservatively treated group were satisfied or very satisfied. Based on the good clinical results of the conservative treatment we can conclude that in stable fractures without severe deformity, and in patients who are in bad general condition, conservative treatment can considered as an alternative to surgical treatment.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Insgesamt 86 Patienten mit einer Wirbelkörperfraktur im thorakolumbalen Übergang wurden nachuntersucht; 56 Patienten waren operativ und 30 Patienten konservativ behandelt worden. Die Nachuntersuchungszeit betrug im Durchschnitt 57 (12–98) Monate. Bei den operativ behandelten Patienten handelte es sich entsprechend der AO-Klassifikation in 66% um A-Frakturen, in 29% um B-Frakturen und in 5% um C-Frakturen. Alle Patienten waren mit einem winkelstabilen Implantat und bis auf 6 Patienten (11%) alle mit einer transpedikulären Spongiosaplastik versorgt worden. Bei der konservativ behandelten Gruppe handelte sich ausschließlich um Frakturen des Typs A; 56% waren A1- (Impaktionsbrüche), 23% A2- (Spaltbrüche) und in 20% A3-Frakturen (Berstungsbrüche). Alle konservativ behandelten Patienten waren nach Böhler im dorsalen Durchhang reponiert und im Gipsmieder retiniert worden. Bei der Nachuntersuchung aller operierten Patienten zeigte der Grund-Deckplatten-Winkel einen Repositionsgewinn von durchschnittlich 18,6°, einen Korrekturverlust von 12,5° und einen verbleibenden effektiven Gewinn, d. h. eine Verminderung der Kyphose von 6,1°. Um 2 homogene operative und konservative Gruppen miteinander vergleichen zu können wurden für die Gegenüberstellung nur Frakturen der Gruppe A herangezogen. Bei der operierten Gruppe konnte am Wirbelkörper eine Repositionsverbesserung um 70% (11,3°) und bei der konservativen Gruppe um 46% (6,1°) erzielt werden. Diese war von einem Korrekturverlust von 19% (3°) bei der operierten und von 34% (4,5°) bei der konservativen Gruppe gefolgt, so dass ein effektiver Korrekturgewinn von 51% (8,3°) bzw. 12% (1,6°) verblieb. Beim Grund-Deckplatten-Winkel betrug der Repositionsgewinn 17,1° bei den operativ behandelten und 11,1° bei den konservativ behandelten Patienten. Der darauffolgende Korrekturverlust betrug 71% (12,2°) bzw. 132% (14,9°). Dies hatte eine effektive Verminderung der Kyphosierung von 4,9° bei den operierten Patienten und eine Zunahme der Kyphosierung von 3,7° gegenüber dem Ausgangswert bei den konservativ behandelten Patienten zur Folge. Vom ursprünglichen Korrekturgewinn war somit bei den operativen Patienten nur 28% verblieben, während bei den konservativen der Korrekturgewinn nicht nur zur Gänze verlorenging, sondern die Kyphose sogar um 32% zunahm. Keinen Unterschied im Korrekturverhalten zeigte der Vergleich zwischen den Patienten mit und ohne interkorporeller Spongiosaplastik. Der stärkere röntgenologische Korrekturverlust bei den konservativ behandelten Patient fand keinen adäquaten Niederschlag bei der klinischen Beurteilung. Während es bei der konservativ behandelten Gruppe nur zufriedene und sehr zufriedene Patienten gab, waren bei der operativ behandelten Gruppe 15% mit dem Ergebnis nur mäßig zufrieden. Aufgrund der guten klinischen Ergebnisse kann die konservative Behandlung bei bestimmten Indikationen durchaus als Alternative zur operativen Behandlung in Erwägung gezogen werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Bone densitometry — Anorexia nervosa — Quantitative ultrasound.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. In 20 patients (mean age 23 ± 5 years) with anorexia nervosa (AN), bone mass was evaluated by broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) of the calcaneus, peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) of the distal radius, and dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the lumbar spine and the hip. Compared with 20 age- and sex- matched healthy controls, patients with AN showed marked osteopenia at all measuring sites. Values of BUA (33.0 ± 9dB/MHz vs. 51.0 ± 5.7 dB/MHz; P 〈 0.0001) and of BMD of all regions of the hip (e.g., femoral neck: 0.71 ± 0.13 g/cm2 versus 0.89 ± 0.07 g/cm2; P 〈 0.001), lumbar spine (0.82 ± 0.15 g/cm2 versus 1.24 ± 0.06 g/cm2; P 〈 0.003) and total BMD of the peripheral radius (303.2 ± 75 g/cm3 versus 369.4 ± 53.2 g/cm3, P 〈 0.001) were significantly reduced. Calculating a Z-score we found the most prominent differences between AN and controls by BUA of the calcaneus (−3.2 ± 1.6), followed by DXA at the lumbar spine (−2.9 ± 2.2) and the hip (femoral neck −2.1 ± 1.7) and by pQCT at the distal radius (total BMD −1.2 ± 2.0). There were highly significant correlations between BUA of the calcaneus and BMD of the femoral neck (r = 0.78, P 〈 0.0001) and lumbar spine (r = 0.75, P 〈 0.0001) as well as between BMD values of the femoral neck and lumbar spine (r = 0.95; P 〈 0.0001). In addition, there were significant correlations (P 〈 0.001) between body mass index (BMI) and the three different measuring sites and between the duration of the disease and BUA (r = 0.5, P 〈 0.05). Our data suggest that BUA of the calcaneus is a valuable tool in the management of osteoporosis. Being a fast, radiation-free investigation method of good acceptance, it may be well suited for an assessment of the skeletal status in patients with AN.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Sustained-release monofluorophosphate ; Serum fluoride ; Osteoporotic females
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The pharmacokinetic profiles of a sustained-release monofluorophosphate (MFP-SR) preparation (76 mg) and of plain MFP (76 mg) were compared in six osteoporotic females. These studies were performed in a randomized, crossover, double-blind design to select a preparation that would result in therapeutic serum levels while avoiding high serum peak values. Following a single dose of 76 mg MFP-SR, the serum fluoride levels remained within the accepted therapeutic range (5–10 μM/liter) for 24 hours. In contrast, following a single dose of 76 mg plain MFP, serum fluoride levels exhibited a wide circadian fluctuation and serum levels approximately threefold higher than those of the MFP-SR preparation (9.5±1.6 vs 3.5±0.8 μM/liter, P〈0.005). Compared with plain MFP, the sustained-release MFP had a significantly lower peak concentration (Cmax MFP-SR: 10.6 ±3 vs CmaxMFP: 18.9±5 μM/liter, P〈0.005) and a significantly longer absorption lag time (TmaxMFP-SR 7.3±1.6 vs TmaxMFP: 3.0±0.6 h, P〈0.05). Twenty-four-hour urinary fluoride excretion after ingestion of plain or SR fluoride was significantly increased from pretreatment values documenting absorption with either MFP formulation. Our results show that the use of sustained-release MFP preparation that we tested prevents the development of high peak levels associated with the use of plain MFP preparations. Furthermore, a single dose of MFP-SR resulted in serum fluoride levels within the accepted range of 5–10 μM/liter for 24 hours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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