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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 61 (1990), S. 182-187 
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Strength ; Muscle length ; Ankle joint ; Anthropometry ; Gender difference
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Muscle strength (or muscular moment) generated during dynamic contractions varies with joint angle. This raises the question about the choice of a representative angle in the evaluation of strength capacity. To assess this angle dependency in strength measurements, dynamic moment-angle curves for plantar flexor muscles were obtained in 43 healthy subjects (28 men and 15 women) with a controlled acceleration dynamometer at 0.52 rad s−1 (30° s−1) and using maximal static preloading before the beginning of movement to attenuate the force development phase. Differences between gender and correlations between strength and anthropometric measures were calculated at each 0.087 rad (5°). The plantar flexion moment was larger in men, in general, but this difference was largest when the ankle was most dorsiflexed. The correlations between moment and anthropometric measures were also higher in the first half of the plantar flexion movement. These results stress the importance of reporting joint angles at which moment of force measures were made. Furthermore, they show that the maximal strength capacity of the plantar flexors is best represented by the moment measured in dorsiflexion angles when the muscles are lengthened.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Parkinson's disease ; Gait ; L-Dopa ; Electromyography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Lo scopo di questo studio è stato di analizzare i patterns elettromiografici (EMG) dei muscoli tricipite della sura (TS), tibiale anteriore (TA), quadricipite ed ischiocrurali, durante il cammino spontaneo ed a velocità libera, in un gruppo di soggetti (no 15) con malattia di Parkinson (PD) nelle condizioni di OFF ed ON L-Dopa e di compararli a quelli di un gruppo di controllo rappresentato da 10 soggetti sani. Nella condizione di OFF L-Dopa, abbiamo riscontrato la presenza di disturbi qualitativi sia dei profili di attivazione del TA, consistenti in assenza o estremamente ridotte attivazioni sia all'inizio della fase di appoggio che all'inizio ed alla fine della fase di oscillazione, che dei profili di attivazione del TS appiattiti in fase di spinta, nonché alcune disfunzioni temporali come prolungate attivazioni dei muscoli prossimali durante la fase di appoggio. L'analisi statistica ha mostrato che il muscolo più colpito nella maggior parte dei pazienti (p〈.0004) è stato il TA durante l'approccio del piede al terreno (segmento finale della fase di oscillazione). Nella condizione di ON L-Dopa, l'ampiezza e la temporizzazione delle attivazioni dei muscoli distali (TS e TA) sono diventate più simili a quelle del gruppo di controllo. In alcuni soggetti, l'aumento dell'ampiezza EMG è stato molto marcato. Nei muscoli prossimali gli effetti sull'ampiezza EMG sono stati meno marcati e si è spesso osservato la persistenza di una prolungata attivazione anche dopo la somministrazione di L-Dopa.
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare the electromyographic (EMG) behavior of the triceps surae (TS), tibialis anterior (TA), quadriceps and hamstring muscles of the lower limbs during self-initiated free gait in a group of patients (n=15) with Parkinson's disease (PD), when OFF and ON L-Dopa, with that of normal controls. When OFF L-Dopa, we observed qualitative disturbances in muscle activation patterns, such as an absence or extreme reduction in TA activations in early stance or during the early and late swing phases. Other disturbances included flatter profiles of the TS activation burst at push off, and temporal alterations that included prolonged activation of the proximal muscles during the stance phase. Statistical analysis showed that the TA was the most affected muscle in most of the patients particularly during the activation burst in late swing (p〈.0004). After medication (ON L-Dopa), the amplitude and timing of distal muscle activations became more similar to normal values, with the increase in EMG amplitude being dramatic in some patients. In the proximal muscles, the effects on EMG amplitude were less marked and prolonged activation often persisted even after the administration of L-Dopa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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