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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Acrylic-Styrene Copolymer Chemical Structure on the Properties of Ceramic Tapes Obtained by Tape Casting (2001)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 84 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The results of studies on the effect of the chemical structure of acrylic-styrene copolymers on the properties of ceramic tapes from Al2O3 obtained by the tape-casting method are presented. The properties of the emulsions that serve as ceramic binders have been modified by insertion of selected amphiphilic macromonomers and acrylic acid into the polymer molecules. These amphiphilic macromonomers, because of the proper ratio of the hydrophilic to hydrophobic fragments, serve as internal plasticizers and modifiers of the adhesion of such binders to the ceramic powder particles. The presence of carboxylic groups as polymer pendant groups in an optimal amount has an additional effect on the ceramic tape density, uniformity, and mechanical properties, before and after the sintering process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2001.tb00821.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cyclic carbonates from carbon dioxide and oxiranes (1984)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 115 (1984), S. 205-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Crown ether ; Phasetransfer catalyst
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Synthesen cyclischer Carbonate2 durch Umsetzung von CO2 mit Oxiranen1 in Gegenwart von Alkalimetall-Phasentransfer-Katalysatoren werden beschrieben. Ein möglicher Reaktionsmechanismus wird vorgeschlagen.
    Notes: Abstract The synthesis of cyclic carbonates2 by reaction of carbon dioxide with oxiranes1 in the presence of alkali metal salt-phase-transfer agent catalysts is reported. A reaction mechanism is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00798411
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calix[4]amidocrowns and Calix[4]amidocryptands Bridgedat the Wide Rim (1998)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 129 (1998), S. 1169-1181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Keywords. Calix[4]arenes; Calix[4]amidocrowns; Calix[4]amidocryptands; Ionophoric properties.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung.  Durch Reaktion eine Calix[4]arenderivates mit zwei gegenüberliegenden Säurechloridfunktionen am weiteren Rand (8) mit geeigneten Diaminen wurden neue macrobicyclische Calix[4]amidokronen (9–12) und macrotricyclische Calix[4]amidokryptanden (13, 14) erhalten. Ihre Eigenschaften als Ionophore wurden in PVC-Membranen untersucht. Im Vergleich mit der reinen Membran bewirkten die Verbindungen 10–12 keine signifikante Änderung der Membranselektivität gegenüber verschiedenen Alkali- und Erdalkalikationen. 13 und 14 zeigten jedoch eine signifikante Selektivität von Li+über Na+, insbesondere das Derivat 13 mit dem kleineren, 15-gliedrigen Diazakronenether.
    Notes: Summary.  New macrobicyclic calix[4]amidocrowns (9–12) and macrotricyclic calix[4]amidocryptands (13, 14) have been obtained by reaction of a calix[4]arene derivative containing two distal acid chloride groups at the wide rim (8) with appropriate diamines. Their ionophoric properties were checked in PVC membranes. The calix[4]amidocrowns 10–12 did not alter significantly the selectivity of the membranes towards different alkali metal and alkaline earth metal cations. The calix[4]amidocryptands 13 and 14, however, showed significant Li+ over Na+ selectivity, especially derivative 13 with the smaller 15-membered diazacrown moiety.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00010129
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epoxy resin modified by aliphatic cyclic carbonates (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 41 (1990), S. 647-659 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Bidentate and tridentate cyclic carbonates obtained from the reaction of aliphatic epoxy compounds with carbon dioxide were used for the modification of an epoxy resin. The compositions obtained exhibited low viscosity, short gel time, and low exothermic effect accompanying the crosslinking. On the basis of model reactions, a mutually accelerating effect of epoxy and cyclic carbonate groups on the crosslinking of the studied systems by triethylenetetramine was found (synergistic effect). The cured epoxide-cyclic carbonate compositions exhibited considerably higher impact resistance and tensile strength in comparsion with epoxy resins.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1990.070410315
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Herstellung und Eigenschaften von niedermolekularen epoxydierten aromatischen Polyäthern (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 49 (1976), S. 59-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The synthesis of low molecular weight epoxidated aromatic polyethers from oligomers with phenolates of alkali metals as terminal groups with epichlorohydrin in anhydrous aprotonic, polar solvents is presented. The oligomers having —ONa or —OK terminal groups have been synthesized by condensation of alkali metal salts of bisphenols with chlorobisphenyl compounds containing bivalent electronacceptor groups between the aromatic rings. The molar ratio of chlorobisphenyl compounds to bisphenol was in the range of 0,5:1 to 0,9:1.The dependence of reactivity of the above mentioned epoxidated oligomers in the curing reaction with diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS) on the molecular weight and type of bisphenol has been investigated. Thermal and thermomechanical properties of these resins have been determined. The degradation temperature of the uncured resin (mw 800) obtained on the base of polysulfone oligomer was 325°C (1,5 wt.-% weight loss). The resin cured by means of DDS had a glass transition temperature of 160°C, and a tensile strength of 160-190 kg/cm2, measured as adhesive between aluminium plates.
    Notes: Die Herstellung niedermolekularer epoxydierter aromatischer Polyäther wird beschrieben. Die Synthese erfolgte durch Umsetzung oligomerer Alkaliphenolate mit Epichlorhydrin in wasserfreien aprotisch-polaren Lösungsmitteln. Die Oligomeren mit den Endgruppen —ONa oder —OK wurden durch eine Kondensationsreaktion von Natrium- oder Kaliumbisphenolat mit Chlorbisphenylverbindungen, die eine zweiwertige Elektronen-acceptorgruppe zwischen den aromatischen Ringen besitzen und die im Unterschuß von 0,5-0,9 mol/mol Bisphenol angewendet wurden, hergestellt.Die Härtungsreaktion der Oligomeren aus verschiedenen Bisphenolen und unterschiedlichem Molekulargewicht mit Diaminodiphenylsulfon (DDS) wurde untersucht.Die thermischen und thermomechanischen Eigenschaften der hergestellten Harze wurden geprüft. Das Harz auf Basis der Polysulfonoligomeren mit einem Molekulargewicht von ungefähr 800 hat eine Zersetzungstemperatur von 325°C (1,5% Gewichtsverlust). Die Glastemperatur des mit DDS gehärteten Harzes betrug ca. 160°C. Die Reißfestigkeit des Harzes, das als Klebstoff für Aluminiumplatten eingesetzt wurde, betrug 160-190 kg/cm2.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1976.050490105
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The synthesis of epoxy resins in dipolar, aprotic solvents (1978)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 179 (1978), S. 1661-1671 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The snythesis of low molecular weight epoxy resins from various alkali metal diphenolates and 1-halo-2,3-epoxyalkanes in dipolar, aprotic solvents is described. The resulting epoxy resins have no oxy-(2-hydroxytrimethylene)oxy groups as a consequence of a lack of mobile protons in the reaction system. The effect of various factors on the reaction course was determined by kinetic measurements.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1978.021790701
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new route for the synthesis of polyhydroxyethers (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 181 (1980), S. 985-993 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Polyhydroxyethers were synthesized from monoalkali metal salts of diphenols and 1-halo-2,3-epoxyalkanes in a one-step reaction in dipolar, aprotic solvents as reaction media. They were also synthesized from alkali metal salts of diphenols, dihalobenzoid compounds with electron-withdrawing groups between benzene rings and 1-halo-2,3-epoxyalkanes by a two-step reaction.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1980.021810502
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cyclic dicarbonates as new monomers for the synthesis of poly(hydroxy ether)sPresented in part at the IUPAC Macro 83, Bucharest, Romania, September 1983, Paper I, 66. (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 186 (1985), S. 331-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: New cyclic dicarbonate monomers 3 were synthesized from bis(2,3-epoxypropyl) ethers of diphenols with carbon dioxide in the presence of the KI 18-crown-6 as catalyst and used for polycondensation reactions with diphenols 4, catalyzed by potassium carbonate and leading to poly(hydroxy ether)s 5 with carbon dioxide elimination. The reaction of phenoxymethylethylene carbonate (1) with phenol (including kinetic measurements) was also studied as a model reaction for the formation of the oxy-2-hydroxytrimethyleneoxy group in 1,3-diphenoxy-2-propanol (2).
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1985.021860212
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct method of synthesis of polyureas by N-acylphosphoramidites (1988)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 189 (1988), S. 2513-2520 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Polyureas and polythioureas were prepared under mild conditions by direct polycondensation of carbon dioxide and carbon disulfide, respectively, with diamines in the presence of diethyl N-acetyl-N-methylphosphoramidite or its analogs containing an active P—N bond. The influence of the substituents in the phosphoramidite, of the CO2 pressure, solvent, organic base and diamine structure on the yield and inherent viscosity of the polymer was investigated. A reaction mechanism involving the intermediate formation of a mixed anhydride of dialkylphosphorous and alkyl(aryl)carbamic acid is discussed.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1988.021891101
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epoxy resins modified by carbon dioxide (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 148 (1987), S. 53-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wurde die Modifizierung von Dianepoxidharzen mit Kohlendioxid durchgeführt, wobei Produkte mit unterschiedlichen Anteilen an cyclischen Carbonaten erhalten wurden.Der Einfluß der Carbonatgruppenkonzentration auf Viskosität, Gelierzeit, Temperaturanstieg und Vernetzungsgrad bei der Härtung wurde ermittelt.Die physikalischen und thermomechanischen Eigenschaften der modifizierten Epoxidharze, die mit Triethylentetramin vernetzt waren, wurden bestimmt. Es zeigte sich, daß Wärmebeständigkeit, Schlag- und Druckfestigkeit, Härte und Scherfestigkeit bei den Harzen, die cyclische Carbonate enthielten, höher waren als bei den nicht modifizierten Harzen.
    Notes: The modification of epoxy resins by means of carbon dioxide is presented. The resulting resins contained different amounts of cyclic carbonates (1,3-dioxolane-2-one rings) instead of a part of epoxy groups. The effect of the cyclic carbonate content on viscosity, gel time, peak exotherms, and crosslinking extent of the above mentioned resins was investigated.Mechanical and thermomechanical properties of the modified resins cured with triethylenetetramine have been determined. It was found that heat-distortion temperature, impact resistance, hardness, compressive strength, and lap shear strength of the resins containing cyclic carbonates were higher than those of unmodified ones.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1987.051480105
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