Library

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 175 (1987), S. 379-386 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Pituitary gland ; Allometric growth ; Teleost fish maturation ; Aging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The rapidly aging annual cyprinodont Cynolebias whitei (maximum age under natural conditions: approximately six months) was used to study the histology and growth of the pituitary gland throughout the entire lifespan of a teleost fish. Immunoreactive prolactin and corticotropic cells were present in the prehatching larvae. Somatotropic cells and pars intermedia could be distinguished by histological staining in five days old fish. After three weeks basophilic, GTH-immunoreactive, cells could be observed in the proximal pars distalis while in five weeks old fish PAS-positive and melanotropic cells could be distinguished in the pars intermedia. A weakly chromophilic and GTH-immunoreactive cell type appeared in the proximal pars distalis of 6 weeks old fish. These cells were identified as thyrotropic cells. In fish older than four months cysts and haemorrhagia appeared in all parts of the pituitary gland. Allometric (log-log) plots of fish length and pituitary volume revealed two inflections in the slope of the regression line. Such inflections indicate stanzas (stages or periods) in fish growth. Both inflections found in this study reflect an increased rate of pituitary growth in relation to the growth rate of body length in the subsequent stanzas. The first inflection occurs at about three weeks, coincides with the appearance of GTH-immunoreactive cells and probably represents the onset of maturation. The second inflection occurs at four months and is followed by pituitary hyperplasia and histological deteriorations. This inflection is considered to reflect the onset of aging.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Transplantation ; Dopamine D2 receptor ; Image analysis ; Tyrosine hydroxylase immunocytochemistry ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of chronic activation of dopamine D2 receptors on the development of grafted fetal rat mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons. Therefore, unilaterally 6-hydroxydopamine — lesioned rats received intrastriatal mesencephalic cell suspension grafts and were subsequently chronically treated with the selective dopamine D2 receptor agonist LY 171555 (Quinpirole). After treatment for 6 consecutive weeks, the rats were processed for tyrosine-hydroxylase immunocytochemistry to assess the survival and outgrowth from grafted dopaminergic neurons. Morphological analysis revealed that, like the volume and morphology of the graft, neither the number nor the cell area of grafted dopaminergic neurons was significantly different between vehicle- and LY 171555-treated animals. To obtain a quantitative estimate of the graft-derived dopaminergic reinnervation, a computerized image analysis system was used. Using this procedure, which was based on the densitometric measurement of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the area adjacent to the grafted tissue, it was found that the extent of graft-derived outgrowth also appeared to be un-affected upon chronic treatment with LY 171555. It is concluded that long-term concurrent administration of a dopamine D2 receptor agonist for 6 consecutive weeks does not impair the survival and outgrowth of grafted rat fetal mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 414 (1989), S. S126 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: catfish ; pituitary ; ontogeny ; gonadotrops ; ultrastructure ; stereological analysis ; immunocytochemistry ; GTH subunits ; plasma androgen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé A l'aide d'une étude d'immunocytochimie ultrastructurale, nous avons suivi chez le poisson chat africain mâle âgé de 2 à 6 mois le développement des cellules gonadotropes hypophysaires en relation avec celui des testicules. Pendant cette période, 5 prélèvements hypophysaires et testiculaires ont été effectués (groupe I–V) alors que les prélèvements sanguins n'ont pu être pratiqués que dans les groupes III–V. Le développement testiculaire a été divisé en 3 stades c'est à dire immature (spermatogonies seulement, groupe I), début de spermatogenèse (spermatogonies et spermatocytes, groupe II et III), spermatogenèse avancée (tous les stades de cellules germinales incluant les spermatozïdes, groupe IV et V). Les niveaux sanguins en 11-ketotestostèrone étaient bas excepté dans le dernier groupe. Des anticorps ont été fabriqués contre l'α,βGtH-II et les sousunités α et β de GtH-II de poisson chat. Dans la partie proximale distale de l'hypophyse du poisson immature, des cellules indifférenciées, des cellules somatotropes, des cellules putatives thyrotropes (pTSH) et gonadotropes (pGtH) ont été trouvées. Dans les deux derniers types cellulaires, des granules de sécrétion ont été marqués avec l'anti-αGtH mais pas avec l'antiβ-GtHII. Les cellules présumées à TSH et GtH ont été distinguées par la taille des granules de sécrétion. Pendant le début de la spermatogenèse, 2 classes de cellules gonadotropes putatives ont pu être distinguées. Un type a les mêmes caractéristiques immunocytochimiques et ultrastructurales que chez les immatures; les granules de sécrétion dans le second type cellulaire, qui était plus abondant, répondaient aussi immunopositivement à l'anti-βGtHII. Le volume moyen des granules de sécrétion de ces cellules à GtHII était 3 fois supérieur à celui des cellules putatives à GtH apparaissant tôt. De plus, les cellules à GtHII apparaissant tardivement contiennent de grandes inclusions, connues sous le nom de globules. Ces structures étaient marquées avec l'anti-αβGtHII et avec l'anti-βGtHII, mais pas avec l'anti-αGtH. Il a été supposé que les globules sont impliqués dans un stockage différentiel et/ou destruction des sous-unités de GthII. Pendant les stades plus avancés de la spermatogenèse les 2 typev gonadotropes pouvaient encore être distingués, mais les cellules putatives à GtH apparaissant tôt étaient rares. Les présentes observations permettent de supposer que les cellules à GtH apparaissant tôt peuvent être des cellules à GtHI. Cependant, la preuve définitive de leur identité dépend de la disponibilité d'anti-GtHI ou de cDNAs spécifiques de la GtHI.
    Notes: Abstract In an ultrastructural immunocytochemical study we investigated the development of the gonadotropic cells in the pituitary of two to six months old male African catfish in relation to testicular development. In this period, pituitary and testicular tissue samples were collected on five occasions (groups I–V). Blood samples could only be taken from the fish in groups III–V. The testicular development was divided in three stages i.e., immature (only spermatogonia, group I), early (spermatogonia and spermatocytes, groups II and III) and advanced (all germ cell stages including spermatozoa, groups IV and V) spermatogenesis. 11-Ketotestosterone blood levels were low, except for the last group. Antisera were raised against the complete catfish α,βGTH-II, as well as to the separate α- and β-subunits of catfish GTH-II. In the proximal pars distalis of immature fish, undifferentiated cells, somatotrops, putative thyrotrops (pTSH) and putative gonadotrops (pGTH) were found. In the two latter, secretory granules were labeled with anti-αGTH, but not with anti-βGTH-II. pTSH- and pGTH-cells were distinguished on the basis of the size of their secretory granules. During early spermatogenesis, two classes of putative gonadotrops could be distinguished. One type had the same immunocytochemical and ultrastructural characteristics as in immature fish; the secretory granules in the second cell type, which was more abundant, were also immunopositive for anti-βGTH-II. The mean volume of the secretory granules in these GTH-II cells was three times larger than that in the early appearing pGTH-cells. In addition, the later appearing GTH-II cells contained large inclusions, known as globules. These structures labeled with anti-αβGTH-II and with anti-βGTH-II, but not with anti-αGTH. It is assumed that the globules are involved in a differential storage and/or breakdown of the GTH-II subunits. During advanced spermatogenesis the two gonadotropic cell types could still be distinguished, but the early appearing pGTH-cell type was scarce. The present observations permit the conclusion that the early appearing cells may be GTH-I cells. However, definitive proof about their identity depends on the availability of antibodies or cDNA probes specific for GTH-I.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 253 (1988), S. 477-483 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Teleost fish ; Prolactin cells ; Hatching ; Osmoregulation ; Ageing ; Cynolebias whitei (Teleostei)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Prolactin (PRL) cells were studied electron-microscopically and morphometrically in the annual cyprinodont fish, Cynolebias whitei during its life cycle. In prehatching larvae, PRL cells possessed small secretory granules, giant mitochondria and a well-developed Golgi apparatus. During hatching, no changes were observed in the volume density of the secretory granules, indicating that no increased release of PRL occurs at hatching. A significant change in the composition of PRL cells, i.e., the volume densities per cytoplasm volume of the different organelles, occurred between one day and one week of age. Thereafter, only minor differences were observed between age groups, indicating that no major changes occur in PRL cell activity during the lifespan of C. whitei. However, the volume density per cell volume of the nucleus decreased steadily with age during the lifespan. A comparison of the PRL cells in young and adult fish reared in fresh water (FW) with siblings reared from hatching in diluted sea water (1/3 SW) did not reveal any differences with respect to the volume densities of the organelles, including the secretory granules. However, significant differences were observed with respect to the diameter, electron-dense content and affinity to anti- PRL serum of the secretory granules. These differences indicate that, despite the similar volumetric composition of the PRL cells, their secretory granules contain a substantially higher concentration of PRL in FW-reared fish than in 1/3 SW-reared fish.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Cynolebias whitei ; Hatching ; Medaka ; Oryzias latipes ; Pituitary gland development ; Prolactin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the developing pituitary gland of embryos of the annual fish Cynolebias whitei and the medaka, Oryzias latipes, prolactin cells have been identified before hatching by means of a light-microscopic immunocytochemical method with antiserum against ovine prolactin. At the time of hatching, changes in the intensity of the immunoperoxidase staining occur. Histological staining by Cleveland and Wolfe's trichrome shows differentiation of cell types in the adenohypophysis only later in ontogeny. Our results indicate that, in teleosts, differentiated prolactin cells are present before hatching and that prolactin may be involved in the endocrine control of the hatching process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Gonadotropic cells ; Thyrotropic cells ; Thyroid gland ; Ageing ; Teleost fish ; Cynolebias whitei ; Nothobranchius korthausae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the annual cyprinodont Cynolebias whitei the cell types responsible for the increase of pituitary growth at the onset of maturation and for pituitary hyperplasia in old specimens were identified as gonadotropic cells and thyrotropic cells, respectively. The gonadotropic cells showed a high affinity to anti-carp αβ-GTH serum, both at light- and electron-microscopical levels. The allometric relation of total gonadotropic cell volume to body length, determined for fish from six weeks up to six months of age, showed no inflections. Therefore pituitary growth in maturing fish may be partly a result of proliferation of gonadotropes, although gonadotropic cells do not contribute to pituitary hyperplasia in old fish. Thyrotropic cells showed a weak affinity to anti-carp αβ-GTH serum at light-microscopical level. Under the electron microscope thyrotropic cells displayed signs of activation in maturing fish and signs of proliferation in old fish. The allometric relation of thyroid gland volume to body length paralleled that of pituitary volume to body length. Histologically the thyroid gland showed signs of inactivity in adult fish and of hyperplasia in old fish. The possibility, that gonadal maturation, pituitary thyrotropic activity, and growth of the thyroid in maturing fish are related through the inhibitory action of gonadal steroids on thyroid hormone release, is discussed. Pituitary hyperplasia in old fish is the result of proliferation of thyrotropic cells. Similar hyperplasia of pituiary and thyroid glands was observed in old Nothobranchius korthausae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Prolactin cells ; Ontogenetic development ; Pituitary ; Teleost fish ; Calcium ions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A combined immunocytochemical and morphometric study on the development of the prolactin (PRL) cells of the annual cyprinodont Cynolebias whitei, transferred as newly hatched larvae to water with different salinities and/or Ca2+-concentrations, was carried out. The percentage of the pituitary volume occupied by PRL cells and the affinity of PRL cells for immunocytochemical staining were used as criteria for their activity. Exposure of the larvae for one day to salt water (260 mOsm/kg) led to a significant reduction in the pituitary volume occupied by PRL cells, indicating an osmoregulatory function of PRL shortly after hatching. In fish reared in diluted artificial seawater (70 and 260 mOsm/kg) or Na+-enriched fresh water the development of PRL cells was significantly retarded, but such an effect was not observed in fish placed in Ca2+-enriched fresh water. These experiments show that in C. whitei the development and activity of PRL cells are influenced by changes in environmental osmolarity and not by changes in ambient Ca2+-concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Prolactin cells ; ACTH cells ; Allometric growth ; Osmoregulation ; Stress ; Cynolebias whitei
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary An analysis of the allometric relations of the total volumes occupied by prolactin (PRL) and corticotropic (ACTH) cells (PRL volume and ACTH volume, respectively) to body length and a study of the immunocytochemical staining intensity of PRL and ACTH cells were used to determine the differences in activity of PRL and ACTH cells in freshwater-reared and in saltwater-reared Cynolebias whitei during the entire lifespan of this annual cyprinodont fish. An inflection in the allometric relation of PRL volume to body length was observed in fish of one-week old. The relatively large PRL volume in younger fish may be related to PRL cell activity before hatching. No inflections were observed in the allometric relations of PRL volume and ACTH volume to body length at the onset of maturation and the onset of ageing, indicating that the increased pituitary growth in maturing and ageing C. whitei is not the result of changes in PRL or ACTH cells. The slope of the allometric relation of PRL volume to body length in freshwater-reared fish was significantly steeper than the slope in saltwater-reared fish. The PRL volume in adult freshwater-reared fish was eight times larger than that in saltwater-reared fish of the same length. The intensity of immunocytochemical staining of saltwater PRL cells was significantly reduced. These volumetric and staining differences correspond to the low functional demand put upon PRL cells in saltwater-adapted fish. In contrast, the slope of the allometric relation of ACTH volume to body length and the intensity of immunocytochemical staining of ACTH cells were similar in freshwater-reared and in saltwater-reared fish. It is concluded that the functional demand put upon ACTH cells is similar in freshwater-reared and saltwater-reared C. whitei; the involvement of ACTH cells in the osmoregulation of the fish in both environments is similar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...