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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Are fixed-dose oestrogen/progestogen combinations ideal for all HRT users? (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 96 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Although progestogens protect the endometrium against excessive oestrogen-induced stimulation, they can cause adverse symptomatic and psychological effects and may have undesirable metabolic consequences. Thus, the minimum progestogen dose which results in consistent endometrial transformation should be prescribed. To define this dose for norethisterone and dl-norgestrel, 197 endometrial samples obtained from postmenopausal women receiving conjugated equine oestrogens (0·625 mg or 1·25 mg daily) with one of six doses of norethisterone (or the acetate), or one of three doses of dl-norgestrel added for the first 12 days of each calendar month were examined with the light microscope; 109 samples were also assessed by transmission electron microscopy. There was an inverse relation between the percentage of samples showing proliferative features and the progestogen dose. However, proliferative endometrium was observed in 6% of samples with the highest dose of dl-norgestrel (500 μg) and in 3% of samples with 2·5 mg norethisterone. Conversely, complete secretory transformation was observed in 25% of samples with the lowest dose of norethisterone (0·1 mg) and in 40% of samples with 75 μg dl-norgestrel. Mild atypical hyperplasia was diagnosed in four samples. There was a wide inter-patient variation in response and none of the nine progestogen dose regimens induced secretory change in every patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1989.tb03315.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of dydrogesterone on the oestrogenized postmenopausal endometrium (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 93 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Postmenopausal women receiving conjugated oestrogens 1·25 mg daily continuously were also given dydrogesterone either 5, 10 or 20 mg daily for the first 12 days of each calendar month. Endometrial tissue obtained on the sixth day of combined therapy in the third or subsequent treatment cycle was subjected to histological, ultrastructural and biochemical assessments. Dydrogesterone provoked secretory histological and ultrastructural changes within the endometrium in a dose-dependent manner. A daily dose of 5 mg produced sub-optimal responses but 10 and 20 mg daily produced effects similar to those observed in the secretory phase of the ovulatory cycle. Dydrogesterone 10 mg and 20 mg daily reduced epithelial DNA synthesis and nuclear oestradiol receptor levels to values within the secretory phase range. A dose-response relation was seen in the induction of oestradiol-17β and isocitrate dehydrogenase activities; hyperphysiological values were observed with 20 mg of dydrogesterone daily. This study has dernonstrated that dydrogesterone exerts potent anti-oestrogenic and progestational effects on the human endometrium which are dose-related. The 10 and 20 mg doses induced responses equal to or greater than those observed in the secretory phase of the ovulatory cycle and both dosages can be recommended for use in combination with exogenous oestrogens in postmenopausal women: and they may also have a role in the management of anovulatory dysfunctional uterine bleeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1986.tb07814.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A coupled peroxidatic oxidation technique for the histochemical localization of monoamine oxidase A and B and benzylamine oxidase (1979)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 62 (1979), S. 93-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A coupled peroxidatic oxidation technique is presented which employs benzylamine and tyramine as substrates and clorgyline, deprenyl, phenelzine and pargyline as specific inhibitors. Using this technique with frozen sections of human term placenta and rat liver, the histochemical localization of monoamine oxidase A and B and benzylamine oxidase has been demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00537010
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amine oxidase histochemistry of the human uterus during the menstrual cycle (1980)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 67 (1980), S. 199-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The enzymes monoamine oxidase A (MAO A), monoamine oxidase B (MAO B) and benzylamine oxidase (BzAO) have been localized histochemically in the human uterus during various phases of the menstrual cycle. The results show a large increase in MAO A activity in the endometrial gland cells in the secretory phase of the cycle. MAO B activity was found in both endometrium and myometrium but did not show a cyclical variation in activity. BzAO was localized primarily in the tunica media of the myometrial blood vessels. These observations have been supported by parallel biochemical assays.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00493237
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The fine structure of the planarianPolycelis tenuis ijima (1973)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 78 (1973), S. 223-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The fine structure of the pharynx is presented and demonstrates that the pharyngeal epithelial system is a continuous one. The epithelial lining of the pharyngeal cavity with its characteristic fibrous secretory bodies merges with the outer pharyngeal epithelium at the point of anchorage of the pharynx. A few of these cells are insunk, the nuclei occurring beneath the underlying muscular layers. The nature of the outer epithelium changes towards the free end of the pharynx; the cells become ciliated and in contents come to resemble the inner epithelium which it joins at the tip. The gut cells merge at a transitional zone with the inner pharyngeal epithelium and at this point both bear microvilli and contain rod-shaped apical bodies. Some of these cells are also insunk. Towards the mouth the epithelium shows a greater degree of insinking and exhibits microapocrine secretion. Both inner and outer epithelia bear sense receptors which are concentrated at the lip. At the point of pharyngeal insertion, the sub-epithelial tissue resembles planarian parenchyma, but is rich in gland cells. These glands open on to the outer epithelium especially towards the free end of the pharynx.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01275693
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The fine structure of the planarianPolycelis tenuis Iijima (1974)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 79 (1974), S. 1-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The fine structure of the Minotian gland cell (spherical or granular club cell) and the phagocytic cell of the gastrodermis is described. The Minotian cells characteristically contain distinctive granules which are produced by the Golgi. Inclusion bodies containing membranous remains can also be found in the cytoplasm. The phagocytic cells bear groups of microvilli near adjacent junctions and have a much infolded basement membrane. Near the pharynx these cells contain the rod-shaped apical bodies found in the pharyngeal epithelium. Further into the intestine the cells more characteristically contain numerous phagocytic vacuoles and vacuolar dense bodies. After feeding, a consistent occlusion of the intestinal lumen has been observed. The columnar phagocytes have been shown to phagocytose cellular material and will also take up peroxidase and thorium oxide. The substances initially appear in the apical phagosomes. Acid phosphatase activity has been detected in the phagosomes after feeding. The enzyme is packaged in the Golgi and occurs in Golgi vacuoles and lysosomes of similar dimensions (morphologically vacuolar dense bodies). The fusion of lysosomes with phagosomes has been demonstrated histochemically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02055779
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vivo production of the nucleolar channel system in post menopausal endometrium (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 203 (1979), S. 493-498 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Endometrium ; Menopause ; Nucleolar channel system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Endometrial biopsies from seven postmenopausal women on hormone replacement therapy have been examined for the presence of the unique nuclear structure, the nucleolar channel system. Its identification in five of the patients has demonstrated that the nucleolar channel system can be produced by an appropriate oestrogen and progestagen treatment and is not otherwise dependent on ovulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00233277
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on transmembrane and paracellular phenomena in the foot of the slug Agriolimax reticulatus (Mü) (1977)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 183 (1977), S. 143-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Foot of Agriolimax reticulatus ; Paracellular uptake ; Peroxidase, lanthanum ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using the enzyme peroxidase and ionic lanthanum as tracers, paracellular uptake has been demonstrated in the foot of the slug Agriolimax reticulatus (Mü). Both tracers appeared to pass between adjacent foot epithelial cells and were demonstrated in the zonula adhaerens, the septate desmosomes, and the intercellular spaces which occur beneath the septate junctions. Ferritin, a somewhat larger tracer, was excluded from all these sites. Ionic lanthanum was not normally pinocytosed in short incubation times. The epithelial cells could be induced to endocytose this marker, however, when combined with a variety of proteins. The implications these findings have on the uptake of molluscicides is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00219998
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endocytosis and aspects of autophagy in the foot epithelium of the slug Agriolimax reticulatus (Müller) (1977)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 181 (1977), S. 129-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Endocytosis ; Autophagy ; Foot-epithelium ; Mollusc (Agriolimax reticulatus)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The foot epithelium of the slug Agriolimax reticulatus (M) can function as a digestive epithelium and possesses a vacuolar system in which heterophagic and autophagic material is hydrolysed. Using ferritin and peroxidase as markers, the process of endocytosis has been demonstrated at the level of the electron microscope. The mechanisms involved with the uptake of each marker differed in that ferritin was confined to fairly large vacuoles, while peroxidase was present in smaller pinocytotic vesicles which ultimately fused to form larger vacuoles or multivesicular bodies. Cytochemical tests for acid phosphatase revealed that the latter bodies acquired hydrolytic enzyme to become secondary lysosomes. Acid phosphatase was also localized in the Golgi apparatus of the epithelial cells. In addition to the endocytotic activity, evidence for autophagy was found in the epithelial cells and this process was apparently enhanced during starvation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222779
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell autolysis and deletion in the planarian polycelis tenuis Iijima (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 154 (1974), S. 265-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Cell autolysis ; Deletion ; Planaria ; Acid phosphatase ; Fine structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Selective cell autolysis and deletion is described in the normal adult planarian. This appears to be a common feature and the sequence of events leading from cytoplasmic vesiculation and peripheral lysis to complete cellular breakdown is described. — In lysing cells acid phosphatase activity can be demonstrated in the cytoplasm as well as in lysosome like vacuoles and occasionally in the Golgi apparatus. The role of cell autolysis and deletion in tissue regulation is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223168
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