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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution in antibiotic susceptibility of bacteroides fragilis group strains in France based on periodic surveys (1989)
    Springer
    Infection 17 (1989), S. 197-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Standardisierte Methoden für die anaerobe Empfindlichkeitsprüfung ermöglichen es den Autoren, Vermutungen über die Entwicklung der Antibiotika-Resistenz innerhalb derBacteroides fragilis-Gruppe anzustellen. Die Cefoxitin-Resistenz war bis 1985 stabil (0–5%) und stieg danach langsam an. Die Clindamycin-Resistenz trat erst 1980 auf mit einer stabilen Resistenzrate von 10% bis 1986. Eine Steigerung der Resistenzraten von Clindamycin trat 1987 bei drei Instituten auf [14]. Keine Änderungen konnten für Imipenem und Metronidazol entdeckt werden, während die Piperacillin-Resistenz seit 1986 zunahm. Es wird ein Vergleich der Antibiotika-Resistenzraten der Anaerobier der verschiedenen Länder diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary Anaerobic antibiotic susceptibility testing with standardized methods enabled the authors to speculate on the evolution of antibiotic resistance within theBacteroides fragilis group strains. Cefoxitin resistance was stable (0–5%) until 1985 and gradually increased later. Clindamycin resistance emerged in 1980 with a stable 10% resistance rate until 1986. An increase in clindamycin resistance developed in three institutions in 1987 [14]. No change was detected for imipenem and metronidazole, while piperacillin resistance increased since 1986. A comparison of antibiotic resistance rates is discussed for anaerobes in different countries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01644030
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Survey of the susceptibility patterns ofBacteroides fragilis group strains in France from 1977 to 1992 (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 11 (1992), S. 1094-1099 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Rates of antibiotic resistance within theBacteroides fragilis group were monitored over a 15-year period in France by examining studies that employed the same methodology to test susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria. Chloramphenicol, metronidazole, beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations and imipenem remained very active againstBacteroides fragilis. There was little or no change in rates of resistance to these antibiotics. Resistance to clindamycin increased from 1 % in 1977 to a peak of 19 % in 1987, and since then has remained at 8 to 12 %. There was some evidence that resistance to most beta-lactam agents increased during the same period. These results emphasize the need for periodic surveys of resistance patterns of theBacteroides fragilis group in each country.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01967804
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Penicillin G/ofloxacin versus erythromycin/amoxicillin-clavulanate in the treatment of severe community-acquired pneumonia (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 13 (1994), S. 639-644 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In a prospective, randomized, multicenter trial, the efficacy of penicillin plus ofloxacin was compared to that of amoxicillin-clavulanate plus erythromycin in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. One hundred seventeen hospitalized patients presenting with severe community-acquired pneumonia received either penicillin 3 × 106 U/6 h plus ofloxacin 200 mg twice daily (group A) or amoxicillin-clavulanate 1 g/6 h plus erythromycin 1 g/8 h (group B). Initial assessment included clinical examination, determination of simplified acute physiology score (SAPS), chest X-ray and evaluation of microbiological data obtained from blood, sputum and/or bronchoscopy. Follow-up was documented at 72 h and at 30 days. Both groups were comparable for age, sex, SAPS, chest X-ray, hypoxemia and microbiological data. The causative pathogen was identified in 54 cases (53 %),Streptococcus pneumoniae being most frequent isolate (54.7 %). All organisms cultured were susceptible to at least one of the antibiotics of each combination of the protocol, with the exception of two strains ofPseudomonas aeruginosa. A favorable outcome was observed in 76 % of the patients, equally distributed between the two groups. After completion of therapy there were 12 clinical failures in each group (20.5 %). Six patients in each group (10.3 %) died of infection. Tolerance was similar for both regimens, apart from an increased rate of superficial thrombophlebitis in patients receiving intravenous erythromycin. The combination of penicillin with ofloxacin is as effective and as safe as a previously recommended regimen combining amoxicillin-clavulanate and erythromycin in treating patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01973989
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Value of routine stool cultures in hospitalized patients with diarrhea (1995)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 14 (1995), S. 346-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In a prospective study conducted over a six-month period, the relative yield of 721 routine cultures of stool from adult inpatients as a function of the time after hospital admission was assessed.Salmonella, Campylobacter, Shigella orYersinia spp. were recovered from 10.9 % (41/377) of patients within three days of hospitalization and from only 1.5 % (5/344) after three days. However, a review of these patients' charts did not suggest nosocomial transmission but rather a delay in stool collection or asymptomatic carriage.Clostridium difficile was isolated with a high frequency in patients both within and after three days of hospitalization (10.3 % and 10.2 %, respectively). Thus, stool specimens from adults hospitalized for more than three days should not be cultured except forClostridium difficile unless there are plausible clinical or epidemiological reasons to do so.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02116530
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