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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant foods for human nutrition 49 (1996), S. 179-180 
    ISSN: 1573-9104
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das Wirtswahlverhalten des monophagen Erdflohs, Phyllotreta armoraciae, der auf Meerrettich, Armoracia rusticana, lebt, wurde mittels Blattscheiben-Tests untersucht. Glukosinolate stimulieren die Futteraufnahme von vielen Insekten, die auf Cruciferen leben. Wahrscheinlich erkennt ein monophages Insekt seine Wirtspflanze durch Reaktionen auf Stoffe die dieser Pflanze eigen sind. Eine Untersuchung der Affinität zwischen P. armoraciae und den Glukosinolaten des Meerrettichs wurde deshalb unternommen. Glukosinolate aus zwölf Cruciferae wurden isoliert, und eine semiquantitative Bestimmung durchgeführt. Gleichzeitig wurden die isolierten Glukosinolat-Mischungen auf Erbsenblattscheiben überführt und die frassstimulierende Wirkung gemessen. Der Glukosinolatinhalt des Meerrettichs besteht aus 99% Allylglukosinolat und Spurmengen von 2-butyl-und Benzylglukosinolat. Fast derselbe Gehalt wurde in Brassica nigra, Alliaria petiolata, Iberis umbellata und Thlaspi arvense gefunden, aber nur die ersterwähnte Art wurde in Labor-Tests akzeptiert. Obwohl Allylglukosinolat keine Hauptkomponente in Nasturtium microphyllum, Sinapis alba und Sisymbrium officinale ist, werden diese Arten doch von P. armoraciae im Labor akzeptiert. Vier anderen Cruciferen werden nicht akzeptiert. Die aus N. microphyllum, S. officinale, Alyssum saxatile und Cardamine amara isolierten Glukosinolat-Mischungen stimulieren die Futteraufnahme mehr als die Glukosinolat-Mischung aus Meerrettich. Nur die Glukosinolat-Mischung aus Iberis amara wirkt weniger stimulierend als die Mischung aus Meerrettich. Pflanzenarten, die von P. armoraciae akzeptiert werden, enthalten Glukosinolat-Mischungen mit hoher frassstimulierende Wirkung. Diese Wirkung ist nicht an einzelne Glukosinolate oder Glukosinolat-Mischungen geknüpft, und P. armoraciae erkennt den Meerrettich unter anderen Cruciferen nicht am Gehalt an Glukosinolaten. Einige Pflanzenarten werden nicht akzeptiert, obwohl sie frassstimulierende Glukosinolate enthalten. Vielleicht fehlen bei diesen Arten andere notwendige frassstimulierende Stoffe, oder (und) sie enthalten vielleicht frasshemmende Stoffe.
    Notes: Abstract Feeding responses of Phyllotreta armoraciae, a monophagous flea beetle feeding on horseradish, Armoracia rusticana, were evaluated by means of leaf disc tests. Semiquantitative determinations of the glucosinolate contents found in leaves of twelve species of Cruciferae, including horseradish, were performed. The responses of P. armoraciae to the twelve plant species were evaluated, as were the responses to pure glucosinolates and to glucosinolate mixtures occurring in the plants. The glucosinolate content of horseradish consisted of more than 99% allylglucosinolate together with traces of 2-butyl-and benzylglucosinolate. Nearly the same pattern occurred in Brassica nigra, Alliaria petiolata, Iberis umbellata, and Thlaspi arvense, but only the first-mentioned species was acceptable in laboratory bioassays. Nasturtium microphyllum, Sinapis alba, and Sisymbrium officinale did not contain allylglucosinolate as a major component, but nevertheless, these species were acceptable to P. armoraciae in the laboratory. The glucosinolate mixtures isolated from Nasturtium microphyllum, Sisymbrium officinale, Alyssum saxatile, and Cardamine amara were even more stimulating than glucosinolates from horseradish. The two latter species together with Iberis amara and Raphanus sativus were not eaten by P. armoraciae. All acceptable plants contained highly stimulatory mixtures of glucosinolates but several glucosinolates contributed to these mixtures and P. armoraciae did not prefer the glucosinolates of horseradish above those of most other investigated crucifers. Therefore, horseradish cannot be recognized by the beetles solely by its content of glucosinolates. Other feeding stimulants and(or) absence of feeding inhibitors seem to play a major role.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 22 (1999), S. 339-342 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Chlorophyll ; SFC ; supercritical fluid chromatography ; vegetables ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Complex mixtures of chlorophyll degradation products may arise during processing and storage of vegetable oil and green plant materials like broccoli and spinach. Determination of these compounds is important in the area of food chemistry. Therefore a method using packed column supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) has been developed. The method comprises chromatography using a simple gradient of methanol in carbon dioxide at constant column back pressure of 30 MPa and a column temperature of 40°C. Effects of pressure and mobile phase composition showed the importance of applying a modifier gradient for optimal separation of the chlorophyll products. The method permits separation of 15 chlorophyll derivatives including chlorophyll a and b, pheophytins, and pyropheophytins on a C18 column in about 20 minutes. Identifications of the individual peaks were based on reference compounds, the retention order of the compounds, and their absorption spectra.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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