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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluids in micropores. V. Effects of thermal motion in the walls of a slit-micropore (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 104 (1996), S. 6784-6795 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Previous articles in this series have concerned the prototypal slit-pore with rigid walls, in which a Lennard-Jones (12,6) monatomic film is constrained between two plane-parallel walls comprising like atoms fixed in the face-centered-cubic (fcc) (100) configuration. The behavior of molecularly thin films in the rigid-wall prototype is governed by the template effect, whereby solid films can form epitaxially when the walls are properly aligned in the lateral directions. In this article the influence of thermal motion of the wall atoms on the template effect is investigated. The walls are treated as Einstein solids, the atoms moving independently in harmonic potentials centered on rigidly fixed equilibrium positions in the fcc (100) configuration. The force constant fc is a measure of the stiffness of the walls, the rigid-wall limit being fc=∞. Formal thermodynamic and statistical mechanical analyses of the system are carried out. The results of grand canonical ensemble Monte Carlo simulations indicate that for values of fc characteristic of a soft (e.g., noble-gas) crystal dynamic coupling between wall and film has a substantial influence on such equilibrium properties as normal stress (load) and interfacial tensions. In general, the softer the walls (i.e., the smaller the value of fc), the weaker the template effect and hence the softer and more disordered the confined film. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.471345
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluids in micropores. I. Structure of a simple classical fluid in a slit-pore (1987)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 87 (1987), S. 5464-5476 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Equilbrium properties of a rare-gas fluid contained between two parallel fcc(100) planes of rigidly fixed rare-gas atoms were computed by means of the grand-canonical ensemble Monte Carlo method. The singlet distribution function ρ(1), and the pair-correlation function g(2) in planes parallel to the solid layers, indicate that the structure of the pore fluid depends strongly on the distance h between the solid layers. As the separation increases from less than two atomic diameters, successive layers of fluid appear. The transitions between one and two layers and three and four layers are especially abrupt and are accompanied by changes in the character of g(2) from dense fluid-like to solid-like. Long-range, in-plane order in the fluid layers diminishes with increasing h, but is still evident in the contact layer (i.e., that nearest the solid layer) at h=16.5 atomic diameters, the largest separation considered. The structure of the contact layer reflects the solid-layer structure and differs significantly from the adjacent inner fluid layers, whose g(2) resembles that of the corresponding bulk fluid. Decreasing the density of atoms in the solid layers blunts the peaks in ρ(1) and g(2), although even for the least dense layer considered the contact layers of fluid evince long-range, in-plane order. Replacing the discrete pairwise fluid–solid interactions with the mean field resulting from smearing the solid atoms over the plane of the solid layer destroys the "phase transitions'' and the associated long-range, in-plane order.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.453665
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bulk viscosity of the Lennard-Jones fluid for a wide range of states computed by equilibrium molecular dynamics (1987)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 87 (1987), S. 7195-7198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Accurate data for the bulk viscosity ηv have been obtained by molecular dynamics calculations. Many thermodynamic states of the Lennard-Jones fluid were considered. The Green–Kubo integrand of ηv is analyzed in terms of partial correlation functions constituting the total one. These partial functions behave rather differently from those found for the shear viscosity or the thermal conductivity. Generally the total autocorrelation function of ηv shows a steeper initial decay and a more pronounced long time form than those of the shear viscosity or the thermal conductivity. For states near transition to solid phases, like the pseudotriple point of argon, the Green-Kubo integrand of ηv has a significantly longer ranged time behavior than that of the shear viscosity. Hence, for the latter states, a systematic error is expected for ηv using equilibrium molecular dynamics for its computation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.453362
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comment on: Adsorption and diffusion at rough surfaces. A comparison of statistical mechanics, molecular dynamics, and kinetic theory (1991)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 95 (1991), S. 6194-6195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.461595
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell-matrix interactions of normal and transformed human keratinocytes in vitro are modulated by the synthetic phospholipid analogue hexadecylphosphocholine (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 135 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have investigated the effect of the synthetic phospholipid analogue, hexadecylphosphocholine (HePC), a member of a new class of membrane-affecting antiproliferative drugs, on adhesion to extracellular matrix components, reorganization of three-dimensional collagen lattices, and proliferative activity of human keratinocyte populations in vitro. Six transformed keratinocyte lines were compared with their normal counterparts from interfollicular epidermis.Adhesion to collagen types I and IV, laminin, and fibronectin was weakest in normal keratinocytes (binding of 3–10% of the cells), followed by HaCaT and HaCaT-II/3 (25-30% binding), and the squamous carcinoma lines and SV-40 transformed keratinocytes (35-50% binding). Treatment with non-toxic doses of 10–20 μmol/1 HePC led to a clear inhibition of the adhesive interactions by 50–75% in all populations. The impaired adhesion capacity was paralleled by a clear decrease of the ability of all keratinocyte populations to contract three-dimensional collagen lattices, an experimental mental model system for the reorganization of extracellular matrices. Histological examination revealed that these effects were due to a reduced cell number in the collagen lattices, a finding underscored by significant inhibition of proliferative activity of all keratinocyte populations by HePC. Furthermore, HePC led to marked changes of cellular morphology in the contracted gels. FACS analysis revealed that the impaired interaction with components of the extracellular matrix was not due to a specific downregulation of β1-integrins, the major cell-surface receptors for the respective matrix proteins.In conclusion, our results provide new insights into the potential action of HePC in a variety of skin disorders. Decreased proliferative activity and changes of cellular morphology, combined with impaired interactions with extracellular matrix proteins and a consecutive loss of matrix organization capacity, may cause suppression of different hyperproliferative skin diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-1065.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluids in micropores. II. Self-diffusion in a simple classical fluid in a slit pore (1988)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 88 (1988), S. 1394-1406 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Self-diffusion coefficients D are computed for a model slit pore consisting of a rare-gas fluid confined between two parallel face-centered cubic (100) planes (walls) of rigidly fixed rare-gas atoms. By means of an optimally vectorized molecular-dynamics program for the CYBER 205, the dependence of D on the thermodynamic state (specified by the chemical potential μ, temperature T, and the pore width h) of the pore fluid has been explored. Diffusion is governed by Fick's law, even in pores as narrow as 2 or 3 atomic diameters. The diffusion coefficient oscillates as a function of h with fixed μ and T, vanishing at critical values of h, where fluid–solid phase transitions occur. A shift of the pore walls relative to one another in directions parallel with the walls can radically alter the structure of the pore fluid and consequently the magnitude of D. Since the pore fluid forms distinct layers parallel to the walls, a local diffusion coefficient D(i)(parallel) associated with a given layer i can be defined. D(i)(parallel) is least for the contact layer, even for pores as wide as 30 atomic diameters (∼100 A(ring)). Moreover, D(i)(parallel) increases with increasing distance of the fluid layer from the wall and, for pore widths between 16 and 30 atomic diameters, D(i)(parallel) is larger in the center of the pore than in the bulk fluid that is in equilibrium with the pore fluid. The opposite behavior is observed in corresponding smooth-wall pores, in which the discrete fluid–wall interactions have been averaged by smearing the wall atoms over the plane of the wall. The temperature dependence of D for fixed h is determined and the nature of melting of a pore solid is examined. It is found that the solid tends to melt first in the middle of the pore. All of the various results are related to the structural properties of the pore fluid, as manifested by the local density and pair correlation functions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.454211
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevention of Dental Disease: Caries and Periodontal Disease (1981)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Public Health 2 (1981), S. 71-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 0163-7525
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pu.02.050181.000443
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of monoclonal antibodies for sensitive detection of adducts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to DNA
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Mutation Research/Environmental Mutagenesis and Related Subjects 113 (1983), S. 228 
    Details
    ISSN: 0165-1161
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0165-1161(83)90024-9
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties of the carcinoma-associated antigen MH 99/KS 1/4 in normal and transformed human keratinocytes: regulation of synthesis, molecular cross-linking and ultrastructural localization (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 133 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A 38-kDa cell-surface glycoprotein defined by monoclonal antibody MH 99 is markedly increased in many epithelial tumours. In normal human skin, it is a characteristic marker for germ-cell phenotypic tissues. Although the gene encoding the MH 99 antigen has recently been cloned, and several histological and biochemical studies have been performed, the biological function of this interesting antigen still remains unknown.In the present study, we examined the synthesis of MH 99 in keratinocyte populations showing different in vitro differentiation capacity. Normal keratinocytes, spontaneously immortalized keratinocytes (cell line HaCaT), three SV-40-transformed keratinocyte lines (130, 425, and HaSV), and two squamous cell carcinoma lines (SCL-1 and SCL-2), were compared. Radioimmuno-precipitation revealed the highest levels of synthesis in cell populations with the least differentiation. This was paralleled by an increase of MH 99 synthesis in normal keratinocytes cultured in low concentrations of Ca2+ and by an increase of MH 99 synthesis during subculture of normal keratinocytes. Both phenomena were paralleled by an opposite behaviour of a differentiation marker. Molecular cross-linking and subsequent immunoprecipitation led to a decrease of the MH 99 signal, but an increase of a high molecular weight protein signal was seen. After cleavage of the crosslinker, the MH 99 signal reappeared, whereas the signal of the large protein remained unchanged. Thus, the MH 99 antigen may be associated with a high molecular weight protein on the cell surface, supporting the suggestion of a receptor-like function. Phosphorylation of the molecule could not be detected. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed homogeneous distribution on the cell surface, but cells of the same culture exhibited clear differences in their MH 99 expression.A concept for MH 99 regulation in normal and transformed human keratinocyte populations in vitro is proposed, showing that the synthesis of MH 99 is inversely correlated with cell differentiation. The association with a high molecular weight protein supports the suggestion that the MH 99 antigen interacts with other molecules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb02613.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Is psoriasis a T-cell disease? (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Experimental dermatology 9 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The etiology and pathogenesis of psoriasis – one of the most common chronic, inflammatory, hyperproliferative skin disorders of man – have long fascinated dermatologists, pathologists and biologists alike. Here, we have a model disease that offers to study neuroectodermal-mesenchymal interactions in the widest sense possible. Epithelial, endothelial, and hematopoietic cells as well as neurons projecting into the skin apparently all interact with each other to generate the characteristic psoriatic lesion. For decades, the ongoing controversy on the molecular nature, choreography and hierarchy of these complex interactions e.g. between epidermal keratinocytes, T cells, neurotrophils, endothelial cells and sensory nerves has served as a driving force propelling investigative dermatology to ever new horizons. This debate has not only been at the heart of our quest to develop more effective forms of therapy for this socially crippling disease, but it also has profoundly influenced how we view the skin as a whole: the numerous competing theories on the pathogenesis of psoriasis published so far also are reflections on the evolution of mainstream thought in skin biology over the last decades. These days, conventional wisdom – infatuated with a T-cell-centered approach to inflammatory skin diseases – portrays psoriasis as an autoimmune disease, where misguided T lymphocyte activities cause secondary epithelial abnormalities. And yet, as this CONTROVERSIES feature reminds us, some authoritative “pockets of academic resistance” are still quite alive, and interpret psoriasis e.g. as a genetically determined, abnormal epithelial response pattern to infectious and/or physicochemical skin insults. Weighing the corresponding lines of argumentation is not only an intriguing, clinically relevant intellectual exercise, but also serves as a wonderful instrument for questioning our own views of the skin universe and its patterns of deviation from a state of homeostasis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0625.2000.009005359.x
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