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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The MHC Class I Associated Beta2-microglobulin (β2m) Light Chain is Expressed in a Molar Excess Over HLA-ABC and CD1 on the Membrane of Leukaemic B Cells but not Leukaemic T Cells: Evidence for Further β2m-Associated Molecules (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 34 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Beta2-microglobulin (β2m) constitutes the common light chain of both the MHC-encoded HLA-ABC molecules and a group of structurally related glycoproteins recognized by antibodies of the first cluster of differentiation (CD1a, CD1b and CD1c). These CD1 antigens appear similar to murine T1 and Qa molecules in terms of structure and tissue distribution, although the question of inter-species homology is controversial. A further group of alloantigens expressed predominantly on T cells has been reported however, with immunogenetic characteristics more closely analogous to the murine T1/Qa system than the CD1 antigens, although their precise identity remains ill-defined. Having previously shown that malignant B cells may express membrane CD1c, we examined leukaemic B-cells corresponding to early lymphoblastic differentiation (null-and common acute lymphoblastic leukaemia) through to the terminal plasma cell stage for the expression of other non-HLA class I β2m -associated molecules. It was found that leukaemic B-cells at intermediate/late stages of differentiation, represented by non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) and‘hairy-cell’leukaemia (HCL), had significantly higher β2m: HLA-ABC ratios than did the cells from other types of B-cell malignancy. Although leukaemic B cells with a demonstrable non HLA-ABC- associated β2m component expressed detectable levels of CD1c. and insignificant levels of CD 1a and CD 1b, the antigen density was insufficient to account for the excess β2m. In vitro stimulation of leukaemic B cells by phorbol ester substantially increased the expression of HLA-ABC and CD1c, but also accentuated further the difference between the expression of these molecules and that of β2m. There was no detectable β2m other than that associated with HLA-ABC and CD1 on the surface of malignant T cells by contrast. Our findings strongly support the existence, at certain stages of leukaemic B-cell differentiation, of an additional β2m component(s) other than that associated with HLA-ABC and CD1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1991.tb01520.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum enzyme concentrations in untreated acute myeloid leukaemia (1986)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 52 (1986), S. 297-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Serum enzymes ; Leukaemia ; AML
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Serum concentrations of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBD), phosphohexose isomerase (PHI), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), β-glucuronidase (β-gluc) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), were measured in 107 cases of untreated acute myeloid leukaemia which were classified by morphological, immunological and cytochemical criteria. The results show that serum LDH was increased in most cases, irrespective of leukaemic subtype, serum PHI and LAP were significantly higher in monocytic variants and serum β-gluc and ACE levels were generally within normal limits. In addition, significant (p〈0.05) relationships were found between serum LDH, PHI, LAP and β-gluc concentrations and the numbers of circulating leucocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00320793
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TdT expression in acute myeloid leukaemia (1988)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 56 (1988), S. 33-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: AML ; Asynchrony ; Leukaemia ; Maturation ; TdT
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A total of 412 cases of acute leukaemia were examined for the presence of nuclear terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) by indirect immunofluorescence. Of the 129 cases of acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML FAB groups M1/M2) examined, 18% (n=23) had significant proportions (〉10%) of TdT-positive blasts. Although most of these AML cases (n=18) were of poorly differentiated (M1) type; 5 cases of AML showing features of granulocytic differentiation (M2) were also found to be TdT-positive. Even though TdT was generally more strongly expressed in the M1 group and associated with other markers of myeloid immaturity (Ia positive and lack of chloroacetate esterase), there was no inverse relationship with Sudan black or myeloperoxidase activity. In addition, although the proportion of AML-M1 cases with increased TdT-positive cells was slightly higher (18/95, 19%) than for the AML-M2 group (5/34, 15%) the results suggest that the presence of nuclear TdT in leukaemic myeloblasts may not only reflect cellular immaturity but may also be due to maturational asynchrony in otherwise well-differentiated blasts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00321057
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diagnostic application of monoclonal antibody KB90 (CD11c) in acute myeloid leukaemia (1989)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 59 (1989), S. 221-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: CD11c ; Acute myeloid leukaemia ; Immunophenotyping ; Classification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The expression of membrane CD11c by leukaemic blast cells was examined (indirect immunorosetting) in 75 cases of acute leukaemia (myeloid, n=60; lymphoid, n=15) and evaluated as a potential marker for the diagnostic discrimination between monocytic (AMML-M4 and AMoL-M5) and non-monocytic (M1, M2 and M3) AML subtypes. Preliminary studies of normal bone marrow cells indicated that CD11c expression was not restricted to cells of monocytic lineage but was also present, with apparent lower density, on significant proportions of mature and immature granulocytes. Examination of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) subtypes revealed that the non-monocytic leukaemias (n=33) were CD11c−, defined as 〈30% positive cells, whereas all but one of the AMML-M4 (n=13) and AMoL-M5 (n=14) cases were CD11c+. All 15 cases of lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) showed 〈5% CD11c+ blasts. Membrane CD11c expression was also compared to the more widely used markers of monocytic differentiation; cytoplasmic alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) and membrane CD14 expression. This analysis showed that all 13 AMML-M4 leukaemias studied, including seven cases that were CD14− and eight that were ANAE−, were CD11c+. In addition, the AMoL-M5 cases (all of which were ANAE+) could be phenotypically subdivided into CD11c+ CD14+ (n=9), CD11c+ CD14− (n=4) and CD11c− CD14− (n=1) subgroups. The study also confirmed that the discriminitive ability and sensitivity of the immunorosetting procedure for the detection of membrane CD11c compared favourably to immunofluorescent staining intensities as measured by flow cytometry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00320851
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytochemical and electrophoretic characterisation of alpha naphthyl acetate esterases (ANAE) in acute myeloblastic leukaemia (1984)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 49 (1984), S. 331-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Esterases ; AML ; Cytochemistry ; ANAE ; Isoenzymes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The alpha naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) cytochemical staining patterns were examined in 40 cases of acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML: FAB groups M1 and M2) classified by morphological and immunological criteria. The blast cells in most cases (62%) were ANAE-negative with the remainder showing diffuse, granular or focal reactions of varying intensity. The nature of cytoplasmic ANAE enzymes was further characterised in 20 cases by isoelectrophoretic analysis of ANAE isoenzymes. The results suggest that the presence of significant cytoplasmic ANAE reactivity in leukaemic myeloblasts is not due to the presence of monocyte-associated isoenzymes, in otherwise well-defined myeloblasts, but may reflect abnormally increased synthesis or atypical localisation of normally-occuring ANAE isoenzymes. In particular, the results of this study indicate the lack of discriminatory value of ANAE cytochemistry in the differentiation of AML from other acute leukaemias of non-monocytic type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00320207
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patches of Prismatic Light (1889)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 40 (1889), S. 224-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] I AM curious to know if any of your readers observed the following phenomenon in the sky, and could We any information as to its nature. When driving with two friends on Saturday evening, June 22,. between 6.30 and 7 p.m., in the neighbourhood of Glatton, near Peterborough, we observed on ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/040224b0
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