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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food process engineering 1 (1977), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-4530
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 61 (1991), S. 393-403 
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Übersicht Das Stranggießen wird mit dreidimensionalen finiten Elementen, die beliebige Barrenformen zulassen, simuliert. Berücksichtigt werden die sich bei der Erstarrung ändernden Randbedingungen und die Temperaturabhängigkeit der Materialeigenschaften. Mit Hilfe eines ersten Simulationsmodells wird unter Berücksichtigung des ortsabhängigen Wärmeübergangs die Temperaturverteilung und die Bildung der festen Schale berechnet. Mit einem zweiten Modell wird dann die Spannungsverteilung in der Schale unter der gegebenen thermischen und mechanischen Belastung sowie der erzwungenen Barrenbewegung berechnet. Die Simulationsmodelle stellen eine zuverlässige Methode zur Optimierung des Stranggießens und seiner Parameter dar. Die Rechenergebnisse für die Temperature stimmen gut mit Referenzresultaten überein. Einsetzen des Temperaturverlaufs und der Randbedingungen in die weitere Berechnung ergeben, daß Maximalspannungen am Austritt der Gußform, bei den Antriebs- und Umlenkrollen sowie den Erstarrungsfronten auftreten. Als Vorhersagekriterium stärker rißgefährdeter Stellen wird das Verhältnis der von Misesschen Vergleichsspannung zur Fließspannung herangezogen. Das maximale Spannungsverhältnis tritt an den Biegerollen auf.
    Notes: Summary Due to high productivity and the ability to cast to a form which could be rolled directly to a final product, continuous casting was selected for analysis and simulation. Three-dimensional finite element was used because of its capability to analyze any type of ingot with arbitrary section. Various types of boundary conditions which occur during the solidification process, as well as temperature dependent material properties were discussed. Two generalized models for heat transfer and stress analysis were developed. The first model, based on variation of heat transfer boundary conditions, was used to predict temperature distribution and solid shell formation. The second model, by considering applied thermal and mechanical loads and enforced displacements on the ingot, was used to calculate the stress distribution within the solid shell. These models provided design engineers with a reliable method of optimizing the casting processes and parameters. The computer results of the temperature distribution compared favorably with the other literature. Application of the temperature history along with other boundary loads and displacements into analysis, determined that the maximum stress occurs at the mold exit, the pinch and bending rolls, and the complete solidification areas. To predict the places with higher chance of crack formation a ratio of calculated stress to von Mises stress was used. The maximum stress ratio was detected at the location of the bending rolls.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 22 (1978), S. 419-427 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The mechanical behavior of urea-formaldehyde foam was studied to evaluate its potential for energy absorption applications. The apparent elastic modulus (Ef) as a function of foam density was obtained from force-deformation tests. The values of energy absorption capacity were derived from a numerical integration technique. Poisson's ratio (v) was determined by a method of uniaxial compression of cylindrical samples. An increase in foam density results in an increase in the apparent elastic modulus of the material and therefore in its energy absorption capacity. Poisson's ratio is independent of the foam density. The mechanical properties' values obtained can be incorporated in various analyses for predicting desired characteristics for energy absorption applications.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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