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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effectiveness of different root debridement modalities in open flap surgery (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 25 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. It is unclear what degree of roughness or smoothness result from use of hand instruments alone in comparison to the use of hand instruments in combination with other aids and how it may effect the grade of cleanliness. The aim of this study was to determine in vivo whether the combination of hand instruments with other aids can increase the effectiveness of root debridement. 11 patients with holpless 4 mandibular incisors were involved in this study. After elevating a lingual and buccal mucoperiosteal flap, the 4 incisors were randomly treated with either: (1) no treatment (control); (2) 5-niin scaling (method 1); (3) 4-min scaling and 1-min instrumentation with a perio-diamond bur (15 μm) (method 2); (4) 3-min scaling, 1-min instrumentation with a perio-diamond bur (15 μm) and 1 min with an air abrasive system (method 3). The cleanliness of the surface was determined using the method of Eschler and -Rapley. The degree of roughness (Ra and Rt) were measured with a laser beam (computer supported optical surface sensor system). In addition, an SEM analysis was performed. With regard to the remaining calculus (surface cleanliness), method 3 yielded significantly better results than the other 2 methods. The roughness analyses also exhibited that method 3 is superior to methods 1 and 2. The qualitative results of the SEM investigations demonstrated the most homogenous and smooth surfaces with method 3. Root debridement in vivo was most significant using a combination of different treatment modalities (i. e., curettes, perio-diamond bur and air abrasive system).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02429.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extracellular matrix analysis of nifedipine-induced gingival overgrowth: immunohistochemical distribution (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 28 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the localization of collagen types I, III, IV, V, VI and VII as well as the glycoprotein fibronectin in nifedipine-induced gingival overgrowth. The slices, after the use of indirect immunofluorescence (incubation with antibodies against these extracellular matrix components), showed a diffuse distribution with the anit-types I and III in the stroma and fluorescent staining of the basement membranes of the epithelium, blood vessels and nerves with collagen type IV antibodies. The increased number of vessels was localized near the surface of the lesion. Collagen tyep V - seen as a filamentous - and collagen type VI - as microfibrillar - components were also localized in the tissue, showing completely different patterns of distribution. Collagen type V appeared “crater”-like and type VI displayed a “honeycomb”-shaped structural model. The blood vessels were not stained but the area around their walls demonstrated an intense fluorescence with these antibodies. Collagen type VII showed a characteristic linear staining near to the epithelial basement membrance. In contrast to this, fibronectin localized with a varied intensity in the different areas of the tissues and presented a “could”-like structure. This shows differences between the matrix components in nifedipine-induced hyperplasia and confirms the heterogeneity of the matrix in health and in gingival alterations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1993.tb01044.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevalence of Bacteroides forsythus and Bacteroides gingivalis in subgingival plaque of prosthodontically treated patients on short recall (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 24 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The prevalence of Bacteroides forsythus and Bacteroides gingivalis in subgingival plaque of patients on short recall was analyzed in relation to the probing depth of the test sites. The subjects had excellent oral hygiene and therefore were unlikely to suffer from active periodontal destruction. Sixty-four subgingival plaque samples, taken from gingival or periodontal pockets with probing depths ranging from 1 to 8 mm, were quantitatively assessed for the presence of the two species using species-specific monoclonal antibodies in conjunction with a very sensitive indirect immunofluorescence technique. Both organisms were encountered in probes from sites as shallow as 2 mm, but the percentage of positive samples clearly rose in relation to the probing depth of the test sites. Overall, B. forsythus was found to colonize lesions earlier, that is at smaller probing depths, than B. gingivalis. Interestingly, whenever a sample was found to be positive for B. gingivalis it was also positive for B. forsythus. The numbers of B. forsythus and B. gingivalis and the total bacterial cell number found in the pockets were significantly correlated to the probing depth. However, with advancing probing depth the increase of the total cell numbers of the two Bacteroides species was considerably more pronounced than the increase of the total subgingival plaque cell number. The recall interval neither affected the frequency of sites positive for B. forsythus or B. gingivalis nor influenced significantly the proportions of the two species in subgingival plaque. Collectively, the present study identifies B. gingivalis and, in particular, B. forsythus as much more frequent and predominant members of the subgingival flora of gingival and/or periodontal pockets than previously suspected on the basis of culture investigations. Also, it contradicts the hypothesis that the mere presence of these two organisms may be taken as an indicator of active periodontal breakdown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1989.tb00865.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heat treatment, microstructure and corrosion of a low-gold casting alloy (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 13 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The aim of this study was to understand the relationship between heat treatment, microstructure and corrosion of a low-gold casting alloy. Potentiostatic and potentiodynamic polarization techniques were used to evaluate the chloride corrosion resistance of the alloy in the following conditions: (A) as cast, (B) bench cooled, (C) homogenized, (D) homogenized and aged for 2 h, and (E) homogenized and aged for 4 h.The microstructure of each sample, before and after corrosion, was examined by optical and/or scanning electron microscopy. In general, heterogeneous structures containing dendritic segregations and precipitates were found to be more prone to corrosion than the single phase solid solution structure produced by homogenization. On the basis of the potentiodynamic polarization data, the samples were ranked as follows: C〉D〉B〉A〉E, C being the most corrosion resistant structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.1986.tb00675.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wear of composite resin veneering materials in a dual-axis chewing simulator (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 26 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The attritional wear of human enamel and four different composite resins for the veneering of crowns was evaluated in a dual-axis chewing simulator over up to 1 200 000 loading cycles. Enamel showed less wear than the composite resins. However, an ultrafine compact-filled composite resin (Targis®) showed a wear not statistically significantly different from that of enamel. The other composite resins showed a statistically significantly higher wear than enamel regardless whether microfine, ultrafine midway-filled or ultrafine compact-filled.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.1999.00416.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Survival rate and fracture strength of incisors restored with different post and core systems after exposure in the artificial mouth (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 28 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Survival rate and fracture strength of incisors restored with different post and core systems after exposure in the artificial mouth. The survival rate and fracture resistance of 40 decapitated endodontically treated maxillary central incisors using four different post and core systems covered with all-ceramic copings was evaluated after exposure in the artificial mouth. Ten samples of the following post and core systems were investigated: high precious metal post (Permador®[Brasseler,]) and core (Olympia®[Jelenco, A]) (A), zirconia post (Cerapost®[Brasseler,]) with a pre-fabricated bonded ceramic core (Ceracap®[Brasseler,]) (B), resin-ceramic post (experimental) with a pre-fabricated bonded ceramic core (Ceracap®) (C) and a zirconia post (Cerapost®) with a custom made ceramic core (Cosmo Ingots®[Ivoclar, S]) (D). The all-ceramic copings (Procera®[Nobel Bioc]) were cemented using Panavia TC®[Kuraray, O]. The survival rates after 1 200 000 cycles in the artificial mouth are as follows: 90% (A), 80% (B), 60% (C) and 100% (D). The results of the means and standard deviations (s.d.) of the fracture resistance during static loading are: 1270 ± 312·5 (A), 1494·5 ± 333·5 (B), 1146·7 ± 182·6 (C) and 463·3 ± 46·2 (D). There are statistically significant differences between all groups with the exception of A and B, and A and C (Wilcoxon test). None of the zirconia posts with custom made ceramic cores covered with all-ceramic copings fractured during dynamic loading in the artificial mouth. The mean fracture strength during static loading was less favourable than that of groups A, B and C but above the clinical necessary level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.2001.00720.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Survival rate, fracture strength and failure mode of ceramic implant abutments after chewing simulation (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 32 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: summary  The aim of this study was to compare titanium-reinforced ZrO2 and pure Al2O3 abutments regarding their outcome after chewing simulation and static loading. Forty-eight standard diameter implants with an external hexagon were divided into three groups of 16 implants each and restored with three different types of abutments (group A: ZrO2 abutments with titanium inserts; group B: Al2O3 abutments; group C: titanium abutments). All abutments were fixated on the implants with gold-alloy screws at 32 Ncm torque, and metal crowns were adhesively cemented onto the abutments. The specimens were exposed to 1·2 million cycles in a chewing simulator. Surviving specimens were subsequently loaded until fracture in a static testing device. Fracture loads (N) and fracture modes were recorded. A Wilcoxon Rank test to compare fracture loads among the three groups and a Fisher exact test to detect group differences in fracture modes were used for statistical evaluation (P 〈 0·05). All specimens but one of group B survived chewing simulation. No screw loosening occurred. The median fracture loads (±s.d.) were as follows: group A, 294 N (±53); group B, 239 N (±83), and group C, 324 N (±85). The smaller fracture loads in group B were statistically significant. The use of pure Al2O3 abutments resulted in significantly more abutment fractures. It is proposed that titanium-reinforced ZrO2 abutments perform similar to metal abutments, and can therefore be recommended as an aesthetic alternative for the restoration of single implants in the anterior region. All-ceramic abutments made of Al2O3 possess less favourable properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.2005.01515.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of the marginal accuracy of different all-ceramic crown systems after simulation in the artificial mouth (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 26 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The invitro marginal fit of five different all-ceramic crown systems (In-Ceram®, Empress® staining technique, Empress® veneering technique, Celay® feldspathic system, Celay In-Ceram® system) was evaluated before and after cyclic preloading in an artificial mouth. The crowns were adhesively luted to extracted natural maxillary incisors prepared with a 90° shoulder. The results were compared to those for porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) crowns with circular porcelain-butt margins which were cemented with zinc phosphate cement. The analysis of the marginal discrepancies showed significant (P≪0·001) differences among the groups. Crown cementation increased the marginal gaps significantly (P≪0·01). Empress® staining technique crowns showed the smallest marginal gaps (median 47 μm), followed by conventional In-Ceram® crowns (median 60 μm) and Empress® veneer technique crowns (median 62 μm). Celay In-Ceram® crowns displayed marginal openings with a median of 78 μm, followed by Celay® feldspathic crowns with a median of 99 μm. The marginal gap of the PFM control crowns showed a median of 64 μm. Ageing in the chewing simulator had no significant influence on the marginal fit of all specimens. The study indicates that all the tested all-ceramic crowns have clinically acceptable margins. However, in vivo investigations of all all-ceramic crown systems should be made before clinical routine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.1999.00449.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fracture strength of four different types of anterior 3-unit bridges after thermo-mechanical fatigue in the dual-axis chewing simulator (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 28 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fracture strength of four different types of anterior 3-unit bridges after thermo-mechanical fatigue in a dual-axis chewing simulator. Sixty-four human maxillary incisors were prepared and 32 bridges fabricated. The four groups of eight bridges each were – (GC): AGC® galvano-ceramic bridges (CA): Celay® In-Ceram® Alumina bridges (E2): heat-pressed lithium disilicate glass-ceramic bridges and (CM) ceramo-metal (control). Fracture loads were recorded after a dual-axis chewing simulator and in a universal testing machine. The survival rate after 5 years for the CM and the GC groups was 100%, for the E2 group 75% and for the CA group 37·5% (Kaplan–Mayer analysis). The mean fracture strengths (N) were 681·52 ± 151·90 (CM); 397·71 ± 59·02 (GC); 292·92 ± 46·45 (E2) and 239·95 ± 33·39 (CA), respectively. The log–rank test showed a significant difference between the CA and the GC or the CA and the CM groups. No significant differences between the E2 and the CA or the E2 and the GC groups were found. The study indicates that heat-pressed lithium disilicate glass-ceramic and AGC® galvano-ceramic bridges are alternatives to ceramo-metal 3-unit anterior bridges.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.2001.00742.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Survival rate and fracture strength of maxillary incisors, restored with different kinds of full veneers (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 32 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: summary  This in vitro study evaluated the survival rate and fracture strength of different kinds of ceramic full veneers, fabricated with a new experimental press ceramic (EPC VP2117/TC2, Ivoclar-Vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein). Eighty, caries-free human maxillary central incisors were used as abutments and were randomly divided into one control group and four test-groups of 16 samples each. In group A, unprepared teeth served as control. In the test groups, four different types of full veneer preparations were performed. In test groups B/C, the preparation was maintained in enamel and the contact point was on the tooth/on the veneer, respectively. In test groups D/E, the preparation was extended into dentin and the contact point was on the tooth/on the veneer, respectively. All veneers were adhesively luted using Variolink® II (Ivoclar-Vivadent AG). Then, the samples were exposed to the artificial mouth for 1·2 million chewing cycles (49 N). After exposure in the artificial mouth, a survival rate of the abutment teeth of 81–100% was reported among the different groups, but was not significantly different between the groups. However, no failures of the ceramic materials could be recognized. The median fracture strength of group A was 713·3 N, of group B 647·1 N, of group C 594·8 N, of group D 483·8 N and of group E 502·6 N. Among the different groups no significant difference was found. All mean values obtained were within the limits of clinical acceptance, indicating further clinical investigations on full veneers made out of the EPC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.2004.01401.x
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