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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental allergic conjunctivitis in inbred guinea pig strains with high respectively low bronchial allergic reactivity (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 42 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Inbred guinea pigs selected for high (IMM/S) respectively low (IMM/R) responsiveness to ovalbumin (OA) as measured by induced respiratory anaphylaxis, were investigated for atopic immune responses of their conjunctival mucosa. IMM/S animals sensitized either by inhalation of OA, or by instillation of antigen into the conjunctival sac, developed regularly an acute ocular inflammatory response to topical (conjunctival) challenge with the allergen. A minimum of 1 μg OA dropped repeatedly into the conjunctival sac was enough for both ocular and systemic sensitization of the animals, but the minimal dose of effective challenge was considerably higher. In IMM/R animals, ocular hypersensitivity was not achieved by inhalation of OA, but after topical administration of the antigen some of the IMM/R strains could be challenged to ocular anaphylactic responses of the same intensity as observed in IMM/S animals. The conjunctivae of both IMM/S and IMM/R animals could be sensitized passively by intraperitoneal injection of guinea pig sera containing homocytotropic antibodies to OA, but topical administration of such sera had no effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1987.tb02208.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genital mycoplasmas in preterm infants: Prevalence and clinical significance (1991)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 150 (1991), S. 804-807 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Genital mycoplasmas ; U. urealyticum ; M. hominis ; Premature infants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The genital mycoplasmas:Ureaplasma urealyticum andMycoplasma hominis have recently assumed an increasing importance as neonatal pathogens. The aim of the present survey was to determine the prevalence of infections with these organisms in preterm infants in two neonatal intensive care units in Israel. Among 99 preterm infants, 24 (24%) harboured mycoplasmas in their throats shortly after birth.U. urealyticum was the most common organism.M. hominis was isolated only from 3 infants. Six out of 27 (22%) mechanically ventilated infants secretedU. urealyticum in their lower airways. The rate of colonization was inversely correlated with gestational age; 80% of infants younger than 28 weeks gestation were found to be colonized as opposed to 17.9% at 28–36 weeks of gestation. No mycoplasmas were isolated in blood cultures drawn from 146 infants and CSF cultures obtained from 47 preterm infants. Neonatal mortality, respiratory complications and intraventricular haemorrhage grade 3–4 were significantly increased in colonized infants. However, above gestational age of 27 weeks, colonization with mycoplasmas was not associated with a worse prognosis. We conclude that colonization withU. urealyticum is common in Israeli preterm infants, correlates inversely with gestational age and has no detrimental effect on neonatal morbidity and mortality of infants older than 27 wks of gestation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02026717
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-occurrence ofMycoplasma genitalium in clinical specimens (1988)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 7 (1988), S. 49-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Five hundred and thirteen clinical specimens, mainly from patients with urogenital inflammations, were examined forUreaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasmas, including cultures forMycoplasma genitalium. The study yielded 95 isolates ofUreaplasma urealyticum, 37 isolates ofMycoplasma hominis and two isolates ofMycoplasma fermentans, but no growth ofMycoplasma genitalium was obtained. It was concluded thatMycoplasma genitalium is a relatively rare inhabitant of the human urogenital tract in Israel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01962172
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection by specific IgM antibodies using a new capture-enzyme-immunoassay (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of epidemiology 9 (1993), S. 97-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: Mycoplasma pneumoniae ; IgM antibodies ; Diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A total of 1226 sera from 1055 patients with respiratory tract infections were tested. IgM antibodies were detected by an antibody-capture enzyme-immunoassay (Mp TEST, Diatech Diagnostica Ltd, Israel). Acute infection with IgM antibodies to Mycoplasma pneumoniae was detected in 211 patients. Presence of IgM was closely associated to some or all pneumonia-related symptoms. Eighty-one of IgM-positive patients treated with tetracycline or erythromycin responded positively. Of the 211 patients, 63 (30%) had low levels and 23 (11%) had moderate levels of IgM antibodies already in the first serum sample. In these 86 patients (41%) the complement fixation (CF) test was negative or very low positive. Thus in these cases, the CF test would have missed the early diagnosis in the first serum samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00463097
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    IgA antichlamydia antibodies as a diagnostic tool for monitoring of active chlamydial infection (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of epidemiology 8 (1992), S. 883-884 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: Chlamydia serology ; Antichlamydia antibodies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Chlamydia trachomatis isolation in culture is the best means of chlamydial infection diagnosis. Antichlamydial antibodies, if present, may also serve as diagnostic markers. In eleven patients with positive C. trachomatis culture and serological positive response, specific IgA and IgG antibody titers were measured before and after treatment. In all cases, cultures became negative after treatment and IgA titers decreased rapidly, while IgG levels remained high. Thus, presence of specific IgA antibodies in a single sample may serve as a diagnostic tool for monitoring of active chlamydial infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00145338
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of chlamydia trachomatis from prostatic tissue of patients undergoing transurethral prostatectomy (1991)
    Springer
    Infection 19 (1991), S. 162-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Chlamydia trachomatis wurde aus drei von 100 Prostatageweben isoliert, die anläßlich von transurethraler Prostataresektion gewonnen wurden. Keiner der Patienten hatte Symptome einer Entzündung der Urethra oder Prostata. Unsere Befunde stehen in Übereinstimmung mit der hohen Inzidenz asymptomatischer Infektionen des unteren Genitaltraktes durch Chlamydien und der zunehmenden Beweislast, daßC. trachomatis Infektionen der Prostata verursachen kann.
    Notes: Summary Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from three of 100 prostatic tissue specimens obtained from patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate. All examined patients were free from symptoms of urethral or prostatic inflammation. Our findings are in accordance with the high incidence of asymptomatic chlamydial infection of the lower genital tract and the increasing evidence thatC. trachomatis can cause infection of the prostate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01643241
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A contribution to the immunopathology of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (1982)
    Springer
    Documenta ophthalmologica 53 (1982), S. 61-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2622
    Keywords: serum albumin ; lactoferrin ; IgA ; IgE ; IgG ; IgM ; serum levels ; tear levels ; vernal keratoconjunctivitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The tear fluid contains proteins which are synthesized locally in the conjunctiva and lacrimal glands, and others, which reach the tear fluid from the blood circulation. It is generally accepted that serum albumin (HSA) belongs to the latter group of tear proteins. Consequently, the ratio between the levels of HSA in the tear fluid and in the blood serum can be used as a parameter for the degree of vascular leakage. All blood-borne tear proteins will show concentration ratios in tears and blood serum similar to HSA, provided that they pass through the blood-tear barrier at the same flow rate as HSA. This principle may be used to determine whether a certain tear protein is blood-borne or locally synthesized. An additional method to determine the source of tear proteins is supposed, and is based on the assumption that blood-borne proteins will occur in tears from both eyes at a concentration ratio similar to that of HSA, whereas the concentration ratios of locally synthesized proteins will not be related to the HSA-levels in the tears of the two eyes. This method is independent of the rate of diffusion through tissue barriers. In the present study these methods have given coordinating and supplementary information. The IgG and IgM contents of tears from healthy eyes and from patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VC) were shown to be essentially blood-borne. In tears from VC-patients as well as from healthy controls, IgE was usually found to be a product of local synthesis. In tears from healthy eyes, IgA was almost entirely synthesized locally, but a significant part of the IgA in tears from inflamed eyes was blood-borne. The geometrical mean (GM) of blood levels of IgE for VC-patients was not increased in relation to the GM for healthy controls of the same age groups. In contrast, the GM for IgE in tears from VC-patients (27.5 I.U./ml) was higher than the GM + 2 SD for the healthy controls (4.1 I.U./ml) and also than the highest level of IgE observed in tears from healthy eyes (6.6 I.U./ml). The tear-levels of IgE for VC-patients were strikingly dynamic and in some patients a hundred-fold increase or decrease was observed in the course of a relatively short time period. In contrast, alterations of blood-levels of IgE and of tear levels of IgA were relatively moderate. These results indicate a marked association between VC and an increased IgE-content of tears derived from local immunocytes. However, in some patients apparently suffering from typical VC, normal IgE-levels were consistently found in tears from both eyes during a number of relapses or aggravations of the disease. These results may indicate that more than one etiopathogenesis may lead to the clinical condition known as VC. A hitherto unexplained feature of VC is the pronounced lacrimation. We have shown that the concentration of the essential tear-proteins is not decreased in VC. Lacrimation is therefore associated with accelerated protein synthesis of the secretory system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00143810
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative Study of Three Culture Systems for Optimal Recovery of Mycobacteria from Different Clinical Specimens (2000)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 19 (2000), S. 750-754 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A new broth-based nonradioactive culture system, MB-Redox (Heipha Diagnostika Biotest, Germany), was compared with the liquid radiometric Bactec 460 TB system and the solid Löwenstein-Jensen (L-J) medium for recovery rate and time to detection of mycobacteria. Of the 605 clinical specimens studied, 100 grew acid-fast bacilli (AFB). The isolation rate for all AFB was 84% for Bactec, 69% for MB-Redox, and 48% for L-J. Eighteen percent of the 100 isolates grew only in Bactec, 10% only in MB-Redox, and 5% only in L-J. The average times to detection of the 100 isolates were 13.2, 17.8, and 28.3 days, respectively, and the mean growth times for the 34 AFB detected by all three media were 13.7, 15.2, and 26.8 days, respectively. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated from 15 clinical samples, with detection times of 16.8 days for Bactec, 18.3 for MB-Redox, and 22.8 days for L-J medium; 10 of these isolates grew in all media, with detection times of 14.2, 16.4, and 18.7 days, respectively. Seven were also positive on direct smear, with detection times of 12.4, 13.7, and 17.7 days. Two of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were recovered only in Bactec and another one only in L-J medium. Mycobacterium haemophilum grew only in the liquid systems, which provided the special growth factors this bacterium requires. Only the combination of all three systems yielded optimal recovery. MB-Redox gave reliable results, offering the advantages of ready-to-use tubes in which the antibiotic supplement is already incorporated and easy and immediate reading of the results. Since this system does not contain any radioactive substance, results can be confirmed with acid-fast staining and conventional and molecular tests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100960000369
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Five-year prospective study of bacteraemic urinary tract infection in a single institution (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 16 (1997), S. 563-567 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to determine the epidemiology, microbiology, and outcome of bacteraemia originating in the urinary tract in hospitalised patients, a prospective study was conducted in a large general hospital in Israel. Data from all patients with bacteraemia were collected prospectively, and a subgroup of patients with bacteraemia secondary to urinary tract infection was analysed. There were 702 episodes of bacteraemia secondary to urinary tract infection during a five-year period (33.9% of all episodes of bacteraemia). The mean age of the patients was 76 years, and the male: female ratio was 0.9∶1.0. The most common pathogens wereEscherichia coli (52%),Klebsiella spp. (14%), andProteus spp. (9%).Pseudomonas spp. were isolated from 8% of all patients, from 19% of those who had received antibiotics, and from 15% of males.Enterococcus spp. were isolated from 4% of males but from no females. Five percent of the episodes were polymicrobial, and 16% of the infections were hospital acquired. On logistic multivariate regression analysis, predictors of mortality were: hospitalisation in a medical department, hospital-acquired infection, inappropriate empiric antibiotic treatment, presence of decubitus ulcer(s), respiratory or renal failure, and elevated urea and decreased albumin levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02447917
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Necrotizing fasciitis caused byStaphylococcus aureus (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 17 (1998), S. 101-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Keywords: Necrotizing fasciitis ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Bacteremia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two patients with rapidly progressive necrotizing fasciitis of a lower extremity due toStaphylococcus aureus as a single pathogen are described. In both patients the portal of entry was attributed to needle puncture (intra-articular injection and intravenous catheter, respectively), followed by bacteremia. Necrotizing fasciitis occurred in a site remote from the needle puncture, suggesting metastatic infection. One patient developed toxic shock syndrome and the other a sunburn-like rash and erythematous mucosae with strawberry tongue. One patient died, and the other required above-knee amputation due to secondary infectious complications.Staphylococcus aureus may mimic the presentation of invasive group A streptococcal infections. A history of needle puncture should alert the physician to the possibility ofStaphylococcus aureus infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01682164
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