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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transgenesis sunny-side up (2006)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature biotechnology 24 (2006), S. 955-956 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Efforts to develop methods for the genetic modification of chickens have been driven not only by the importance of the chick as a model for studying vertebrate development but also by the intriguing possibility of producing human protein therapeutics in the eggs of transgenic hens. In a recent ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0806-955
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transpostion of the Drosophila element mariner into the chicken germ line (1998)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature biotechnology 16 (1998), S. 1050-1053 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] The ability of the Drosophila transposable element mariner to transpose in the chicken was tested using a plasmid carrying an active mariner element injected into chick zygotes. Surviving embryos and chicks were analyzed for presence of mariner. Analysis of embryos that survived for at least ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/3497
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transgenic Birds by DNA Microinjection (1994)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Company
    Nature biotechnology 12 (1994), S. 60-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] We have developed a method for production of transgenic chickens by DNA microinjection of chick zygotes followed by ex vivo embryo culture. The fate of plasmid DNA microinjected into the germinal disc of zygotes was analyzed in embryos which survived for at least 12 days in culture. Approximately ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0194-60
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of exogenous DNA during the early development of the chick embryo (1991)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 200 (1991), S. 312-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Chick embryos ; DNA injection ; β-galactosidase expression ; Viral promoter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A plasmid construct containing the reporter gene,lacZ, under the control of the cytomegalovirus immediate early promoter, was injected into the germinal disc of fertilised chick ova. The distribution of cells expressing β-galactosidase was examined in the embryos after periods of from 3 h to 7 days in culture. β-galacto-sidase-positive cells were first observed at mid-cleavage (250–500 closed cells) in the centre of the blastodisc. After one day, they were prominent in large segments of the blastoderm and, at later stages, in proportionately smaller segments of the extra-embryonic membranes, notably in the endodermal layer. In the embryonic regions, positive cells were scattered in the vicinity of the primitive streak of most cultures, but after gastrulation they were present in the embryonic tissue of only 7% of surviving embryos. The results provide supportive evidence for transcriptional activity during the cleavage stages of avian development. They also confirm previous findings on the loss of exogenous DNA during the early development of the chick.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00665526
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic recombination at the buff spore colour locus in Sordaria brevicollis (1979)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 174 (1979), S. 327-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Asci showing aberrant segregation at the buff spore colour locus in Sordaria brevicollis were selected from crosses between buff mutants and wild type in the presence of closely-linked flanking markers. The frequency of crossing-over associated with aberrant segregations was calculated and corrected to allow for crossovers between the flanking markers incidental to the aberrant segregation. The average frequency of crossing over was found to be related to the class of aberrant ascus studied. 5+:3m and 3+:5m asci showed 16% associated marker recombination while 6+:2m and 2+:6m asci showed 27% recombination. The frequency of tritype and tetratype postmeiotic segregation asci was calculated. Only 3% tetratypes were found and this is thought to indicate a low frequency of symmetric hybrid DNA formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00267806
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Episomal replication of cloned DNA injected into the fertilised ovum of the hen, Gallus domesticus (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 1 (1989), S. 98-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Concatemers ; Ligation ; pRSVcat ; Recombination ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We describe preliminary experiments to analyse the fate of cloned DNA microinjected into the cytoplasm of the chick fertilised ovum. The reporter gene construct pRSVcat was injected into the germinal disc before the first cleavage divison, and the chick embryos were cultured for up to 7 days using the method of Perry (Nature 331:70-72, 1988). Linear plasmid molecules ligated rapidly after injection to form highmolecular-weight DNA molecules consisting mainly of random concatemers of the injected plasmid. Recombination involving circular molecules resulted in head-to-tail multimers of the plasmid. Some of the DNA was lost after injection, but the remainder was replicated approximately 20-fold during the first 24 h of development. Between days 1 and 7 in culture, the DNA was gradually lost and diluted out as the embryos developed. By day 7 in culture plasmid DNA was detectable in only 30% of the cultures analysed. No evidence for chromosomal integration of the exogenous DNA was obtained, suggesting that the plasmid DNA persisted episomally. Expression of the reporter gene construct pRSVcat was detected in day 2 and day 7 embryos.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080010204
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transgenesis in chickens (1993)
    Springer
    Transgenic research 2 (1993), S. 125-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9368
    Keywords: chicken embryo ; gene transfer ; retroviral vector ; cloned DNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The application of transgenic technology to domestic poultry offers an alternative means to conventional practice for improvement of this highly productive agricultural species. The hen's reproductive system has unique characteristics which have imposed limitations on the use of established methods for artificial gene transfer. In this article, we review the various strategies that have been adopted to overcome the problem. Target sites for gene insertion include the fertilized ovum, the blastodermal embryo in the unincubated egg, and the primordial germ cells. Notable success in obtaining somatic and germline transformation has been achieved with the use of retroviral vectors to infect the blastodermal embryo. Current attempts to introduce DNA directly into the genome, without resort to pathogen-derived vectors, are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01972605
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