Library

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Nerve Growth Factor-Dependent Protein Kinase That Phosphorylates Microtubule-Associated Proteins In Vitro: Possible Involvement of Its Activity in the Outgrowth of Neurites from PC12 Cells (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 55 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We have established a subline of PC12 cells (PC12D) that extend neurites very quickly in response not only to nerve growth factor (NGF) but also to cyclic AMP (cAMP) in the same way as primed PC12 cells (NGF-pretreated cells). When phosphorylation of brain microtubule proteins by extracts of these cells was monitored, two distinct kinase activities were found to be increased [from three- to eightfold in terms of phosphorylation of microtubule-associated protein (MAP) 2] by a brief exposure of cells to NGF or to dibutyryl cAMP(dbcAMP). The effect of the combined stimulation with both NGF and dbcAMP was additive in terms of the phosphorylation of MAP2. The apparent molecular mass of the kinase activated by dbcAMP was 40 kDa, and this kinase appears to be cAMP-dependent protein kinase. The molecular mass of the kinase activated by NGF was 50 kDa. The latter was activated to a measurable extent after 5 min of exposure of cells to NGF; it required Mg2+ for activity but not Mn2+ or Ca2+. This kinase appears to be distinct from previously reported kinases in PC12 cells, and it has been designated as NGF-dependent MAP kinase, although its physiological substrates are not known at present. An inhibitor of protein kinases, K-252a, selectively inhibited the outgrowth of neurites from PC12D cells in response to NGF but not to dbcAMP. When this inhibitor was added to the incubation medium of cells exposed simultaneously to NGF or dbcAMP, the increase in activity of the NGF-dependent MAP kinase was selectively abolished. We isolated several mutant clones of PC12D cells that were deficient in the ability to induce neurites in response to either of the two stimulators. In these variant cells, the activity of the relevant protein kinase was decreased, in parallel with the deficiency in the neurite response to NGF or dbcAMP. These observations suggest that the NGF-dependent MAP kinase may play an important role in the outgrowth of neurites from PC12 cells in response to NGF.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb04154.x
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The GTP-Binding Proteins, Go and Gi2, of Neural Cloned Cells and Their Changes During Differentiation (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 53 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The levels of the α-subunits of two GTP-binding proteins, Go and Gi2, were determined in neural and non-neural cloned cells by immunoassays. Goα was detected in all neural cells and some of nonneural cells, but not in HL-60 leukemic cells and PYS-2 teratocarcinoma-derived cells. The level of Goα was highest in the PC12 pheochroihocytoma cells. Gi2α was present in all types of cells tested, arid its level was highest in the HL-60 cells and relatively high in glioma ells. Treatment of PC 12 cells and neuroblastoma X glioma hybrid NG108-15 cells with nerve growth factor and forskolin, respectively, caused the extension of neuronal-like processes and increase in the level of Goα by 60-80%, but small changes in the levels of Gi2α.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb07414.x
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glycosaminoglycan Composition of PC 12 Pheochromocytoma Cells: A Comparison with PC12D Cells, a New Subline of PC12 Cells (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 52 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: PC12D cells, a new subline of conventional PC12 cells, respond not only to nerve growth factor but also to cyclic AMP by extending their neurites. These cells are flat in shape and are similar in appearance to PC12 cells that have been treated with nerve growth factor for a few days. In both cell lines, we have characterized the glycosaminoglycans, the polysaccharide moieties of proteoglycans, which are believed to play an important role in cell adhesion and in cell morphology. Under the present culture conditions, only chondroitin sulfate was detected in the media from PC12 and PC12D cells, whereas both chondroitin sulfate and heparan sulfate were found in the cell layers. The levels of cell-associated heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate were about twofold and fourfold higher in PCI 2D cells than in PC12 cells, respectively. Compared to PC12 cells, the amounts of [35S]sulfate incorporated for 48 h into chondroitin sulfate were twofold lower but those into heparan sulfate were 35% higher in PC12D cells. The amount of chondroitin sulfate released by PC12D cells into the medium was about a half of that released by PC12 cells. The ratio of [35S]sulfate-labeled heparan sulfate to chondroitin sulfate was 6.2 in PC12D cells and 2.2 in PC12 cells. These results suggest that there may be some correlation between the increase in content of glycosaminoglycans and the change in cell morphology, which is followed by neurite outgrowth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb02538.x
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromatographic Resolution and Characterization of a Nerve Growth Factor-Dependent Kinase That Phosphorylates Microtubule-Associated Proteins 1 and 2 in PC12 Cells (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 59 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: When the supernatant fractions from extracts of control and nerve growth factor (NGF)- or dibutyryl cyclic AMP-treated PC12D cells were applied to DEAE-Sepharose columns and proteins were eluted with a gradient of NaCl, three separate peaks of kinase activity that phosphorylated microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) were recovered. Enhancement of the kinase activity in peak 1 was noted in the case of dibutyryl cyclic AMP-treated cells. In contrast, the kinase activity in the third peak was markedly elevated, in terms of the ability to phosphorylate MAP1 and MAP2, in the case of the extract from NGF-treated cells. This activity was designated previously as NGF-dependent MAP kinase. The apparent molecular mass of the active kinase was 45–50 kDa. The apparent Km value was 35 μM for ATP with either MAP1 or MAP2 as substrate. When the kinase activity in the fractions from the DEAE-Sepharose column was assayed in the presence of Mn2+ instead of Mg2+, another NGF-stimulated kinase activity was detected in the fractions eluted by a lower concentration of NaCl than that which eluted the Mg2+-activated kinase. Other growth factors, namely, epidermal growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor, also stimulated the activity of NGF-dependent MAP kinase. Possible involvement of the kinase in the outgrowth of neurites has been suggested. The NGF-induced activation of NGF-dependent MAP kinase was blocked by the presence of K-252a. In contrast, the activation of NGF-dependent MAP kinase by basic fibroblast growth factor and by epidermal growth factor was not blocked, but actually stimulated by K-252a, a result that correlates well with the analogous actions of the drug on the outgrowth of neurites that is induced by these growth factors. The latter observation strengthens the possibility of a close relationship between the outgrowth of neurites and the activation of NGF-dependent MAP kinase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb08436.x
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activation of Microtubule-Associated Protein Kinase in PC12D Cells in Response to Both Fibroblast Growth Factor and Epidermal Growth Factor and Concomitant Stimulation of the Outgrowth of Neurites (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 58 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: When PC12D cells, a subline of PC12 cells, were cultured with nerve growth factor (NGF), outgrowth of neurites was promoted even when RNA synthesis was blocked. This property of PC12D cells may enable us to resolve the mechanism of the outgrowth of neurites that is induced in a transcription-independent manner. The outgrowth of neurites from PC12D cells was also stimulated in response to fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and was slightly stimulated in response to epidermal growth factor (EGF). The brief exposure of intact PC12D cells not only to NGF but also to FGF or to EGF stimulated a protein kinase activity in extracts of such cells that catalyzed phosphorylation of microtubule-associated protein 1 (MAP-1) and MAP-2 in vitro. Similar dose-response relationships for the effects of NGF and of FGF on the activation of the kinase and on the outgrowth of neurites were observed. The effects of combinations of NGF and FGF or EGF were not additive in terms of either the outgrowth of neurites or the increase in the kinase activity. Treatment of cells with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) also stimulated the kinase activity that phosphorylated MAPs in vitro. However, the level of the enzymatic activity that resulted from the combined treatment of cells with PMA and NGF was additive, as is the case with dibutyryl cyclic AMP and NGF. These findings suggest that NGF, FGF, and EGF may stimulate the activity of the same MAP kinase. The close relationship between the activation of the kinase and the outgrowth of neurites from PC12D cells in response to various agents suggests that activation of the kinase may play an important role in the outgrowth of neurites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb09333.x
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radicicol Potentiates Neurotrophin-Mediated Neurite Outgrowth and Survival of Cultured Sensory Neurons from Chick Embryo (1999)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Journal of neurochemistry 72 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Radicicol, an antifungal antibiotic with markedly lowtoxicity, is a potent inhibitor of the Src family of protein tyrosine kinasesand causes morphological reversion of v-src-transformed fibroblasts. Recently, this antibiotic was also found to inhibit Raf kinase. In the present study, we found that nanomolar concentrations of radicicol (10 ng/ml) enhanced the survival and neurite outgrowth of neurons from embryonic chick dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) and sympathetic ganglia. It potentiated the trophic effects of nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and neurotrophin-3 on the cultured DRG neurons. This concentration of radicicol did not alter the tyrosine phosphorylation of Trk receptors or the activity of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases. Wortmannin, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (P13-kinase), did not inhibit radicicol, excluding the involvement of P13-kinase in the radicicol-dependent trophic actions. These results suggest that radicicol mediates neuronal growth presumably via a mechanism not involving the activation of Trk receptors, MAP kinase, or P13-kinase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0722256.x
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties of Detergent-Dispersed Adenylate Cyclase from Cerebral Cortex. Presence of an Inhibitor Protein (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 37 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Adenylate cyclase was solubilized from washed paniculate fraction of rabbit cerebral cortex with the nonionic detergent Lubrol 12A9 and subjected to either gel filtration on Ultrogel AcA 34 or chromatography on DEAE Bio-Gel A. By both procedures the enzyme was resolved into two components, one insensitive to guanyl 5′-yl imidodiphosphate [Gpp(NH)p] and NaF but stimulated by Ca2+ and calmodulin, and another that was sensitive to Gpp(NH)p and NaF but relatively insensitive to Ca2+ and calmodulin. The data support the possibility that two independent forms of adenylate cyclase exist in cerebral cortex, one regulated by guanine nucleotide regulatory protein and another by Ca2+-calmodulin. Fractions containing the guanylnucleotide-sensitive activity were found to contain a factor that inhibited basal and Ca2+-stimulated adenylate cyclase in the Ca2+-sensitive fraction. The inhibitor was inactivated by heating at 60°C and by incubation with trypsin. Inhibition was not time-dependent, and it was not due to destruction of cAMP by phosphodiesterase or of ATP by ATPase. Inhibitory action was not reversed by calmodulin and therefore it does not appear to be a calmodulin binding protein. Sucrose density gradient sedimentation indicated a sedimentation coefficient of 4S for the inhibitor; by this technique it co-sedimented with the adenylate cyclase sensitive to Gpp(NH)p and NaF.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb12523.x
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic regulation mediated by thiamin pyrophosphate-binding motif in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 58 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The expression of genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae encoding the enzymes involved in the metabolism of thiamin (THI genes) is co-ordinately repressed by exogenous thiamin and induced in the absence of thiamin. In this yeast THI regulatory system acts mainly at the transcriptional level, thiamin pyrophosphate (TDP) seems to serve as a corepressor, and genetic studies have identified three positive regulatory factors (Thi2p, Thi3p and Pdc2p). We found in a DNA microarray analysis that the expression of THI genes increased 10- to 90-fold in response to thiamin deprivation, and likewise, the expression of THI2 and THI3 increased 17-fold and threefold, respectively. After transfer from repressing to inducing medium, the promoter activity of both THI2 and THI3 increased in parallel with that of PHO3, one of THI genes. The stimulation of THI3 promoter activity was diminished by deletion of THI3, indicative of the autoregulation of THI3. The THI genes were not induced when THI2 was expressed from the yeast GAL1 promoter in a thi3Δ strain or when THI3 was expressed in a thi2Δ strain, suggesting that Thi2p and Thi3p participate simultaneously in the induction. When mutant Thi3p proteins lacking TDP-binding activity were produced in the thi3Δ strain, THI genes were expressed even under thiamin-replete conditions. This result supports the hypothesis that Thi3p senses the intracellular signal of the THI regulatory system to exert transcriptional control. Furthermore, Thi2p and Thi3p were demonstrated to bind each other and this interaction was partially diminished by exogenous thiamin, suggesting that Thi2p and Thi3p stimulate the expression as a complex whose function is disturbed by TDP bound to Thi3p. We discuss the possibility that the induction of THI genes is triggered by the activation of the complex attributed to decrease in intracellular TDP and the elevated complex in the autoregulatory fashion further upregulates THI genes. This is the first report of the involvement of the TDP-binding motif in genetic regulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04835.x
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential adaptations of insulin-like growth factor-I, basic fibroblast growth factor, and leukemia inhibitory factor in the plantaris muscle of rats by mechanical overloading: an immunohistochemical study (1998)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 95 (1998), S. 123-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Mechanical overloading ; Insulin-like growth factor ; Fibroblast growth factor ; Leukemia ; inhibitory factor ; Muscle hypertrophy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We investigated changes in several growth factors in the rat plantaris muscle produced by mechanical overloading by ablation of synergists using immunohistochemistry. At 1 and 3 days post surgery, the insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) level was slightly increased in the cytosol and markedly increased in the invading cells of the extracellular space. Thereafter, the IGF-I immunoreactivity evoked by overloading rapidly decreased to the normal level. The level of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), which was not shown to change at 1 day post surgery, was increased in the cytosol at 3, 5, 7 and 10 days and at 2 weeks. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) immunoreactivity did not change during the entire period of overloading (1 day–3 weeks post surgery). These results indicate that the elevations of the levels of IGF-I and LIF show differential time course in the plantaris muscle subjected to functional overload. Furthermore, bFGF appears not to be related to the compensatory hypertrophy produced by overloading.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010050775
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Postnatal profiles of myogenic regulatory factors and the receptors of TGF-β2, LIF and IGF-I in the gastrocnemius and rectus femoris muscles of dy mouse (2000)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 99 (2000), S. 169-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Dy mouse ; Myogenic regulatory factors ; Leukemia inhibitory factor ; Insulin-like growth factor I receptor ; Transforming growth factor-β2
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The dystrophin-deficient mdx mouse presents muscle fiber necrosis but active muscle regeneration, probably due to an extensive recruitment of myogenic regulatory factors (MRF), several growth factors and cytokines, and favorable interaction of satellite cells. In contrast, the laminin α2 (merosin)-deficient dy mouse shows progressive muscle fiber necrosis and ineffective muscle regeneration. Using Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses, we investigated the adaptive changes in MRF, growth factors and cytokines and their receptors in the muscles of dy mice during postnatal growth. The relative volume of MyoD, myogenin and Myf-5 proteins was markedly lower in the gastrocnemius and rectus femoris muscles of dy mice. Transforming growth factor-β2, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and basic fibroblast growth factor were not up-regulated in the muscles of dy mice. The levels of the LIF receptor and insulin-like growth factor-I receptor levels were markedly decreased in the muscles of dy mice during the entire postnatal period observed in this study. Therefore, unlike the situation in mdx mice, the milieu of regeneration following repetitive damage seems to be degraded in the muscles of dy mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00007421
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...