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  • 1
    ISSN: 0304-3991
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 105 (1999), S. 654-661 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Heart rate variability (HRV) measures are associated with coronary heart disease incidence and mortality. Therefore insight into the genetic and environmental determinants of these measures may have clinical relevance. We assessed the role of genetic and environmental factors of time domain and frequency domain HRV indices. Participants were 451 kibbutz members, aged 15 and up, belonging to 80 families. HRV indices were calculated from Holter recordings measured over 5 min. Our data indicate that for the two time- and four frequency domain indices, a mixture of two normal distributions fit the data significantly better than a single normal distribution (P〈0.05). We used complex segregation analysis to infer the modes of inheritance of these HRV measures. We found evidence for possible involvement of a recessive major gene in the inheritance of the root mean square of successive differences in RR intervals (RMSSD), which is predominantly vagally mediated. A putative major gene explains 28%–34% of the adjusted inter-individual variability. The SD, determined by a mixture of mechanisms, is influenced by environmental and polygenic effects, but not by a major gene. The findings regarding the heritability of the frequency domain indices were not conclusive. However, the involvement of genetic factors was not rejected. Additional studies in extended families are needed to confirm the involvement of major genes in the determination of the autonomic activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 9 (1971), S. 125-138 
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommaire On décrit un appareil pour les mesures continuelles des intervalles de temps entre les “pieds” de deux ondes périphériques de pulsations artérielles. Pour calculer la vitesse de l'onde de pouls il faut connaître en plus de l'intervalle de temps, la distance entre les positions des capteurs, proximal et distal, qui détectent les ondes de pouls. Les pieds des ondes de pouls, proximale et distale, sont dépisités au moyen de la différentiation et des signaux émis par un marqueur de croisement du zéro. Ces signaux déclenchent et arrêtent un compteur d'intervalle de temps, accouplé à un imprimeur digital et à un convertisseur digital-analogique. Des portes logiques interdisent l'opération du compteur des intervalles de temps en fonction des points extrêmes de l'onde de pouls autres que les pieds. La fidélité du circuit différentiateur et du dépistage des croisements du zéro de l'onde dérivée de pouls, ainsi que l'effet de la pente de la ligne de base sur la position du pied de la pulsation sont discutés. La durée de l'intervalle entre l'ondeR et le pied de la pulsation d'onde périphérique peut être mesurée de manière semblable. On est en cours d'essayer cet appareil cliniquement. Des exemples d'enregistrement sont montrés. Les cas de faillite quand l'appareil cesse de prendre des mesures par suite de certaines particularités de la forme de l'one de pouls sont indiqués.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Es wird ein Gerät beschrieben, das die Gesamtzeitintervalle zwischen zwei peripheren arteriellen Pulswellen Mißt. Zur Ermittlung der Pulswellengeschwindigkeit benötigt man außer diesem Zeitintervall die Entfernung zwischen den körpernahen und körperfernen Pulswellenwandlern. Der Wellenfuß der körpernahen und der körperfernen Pulswelle wird durch Differenzierung und durch Stromschritte festgestellt, die von einem Nulldruchgangsmarkierer erzeugt werden. Diese Stromschritte starten und stoppen einen Zeitintervallzähler, der an einen digitalen Meßwertdrucker und einen Wechselrichter angeschlossen ist. Eine Ausblendeschaltvorrichtung verhindert die Betätigung des Zeitintervallzählers durch andere Extreme der Pulswelle als den Wellenfuß. Es werden die Genauigkeit des Differenziergerätes, die Genauigkeit bei der Feststellung des Nulldurchgangs der differenzierten Pulswelle und der Einfluß einer geneigten Grundlinie auf den Wellenfußpunkt diskutiert. In ähnlicher Weise ist es möglich, das Zeitintervall zwischen der R-Zacke und dem Wellenfuß einer peripheren Pulswelle zu messen. Das Gerät wird klinisch erprobt. Beispiele für Auswertungsergebnisse werden angeführt. Auf Fälle, in denen das Instrument wegen Besonderheiten in der Form der Pulswelle versagte, wird hingewiesen.
    Notes: Abstract Equipment that measures continously ‘foot to foot’ time intervals between two peripheral arterial pulse waves is described. To calculate the pulse wave velocity one has to know, besides this time interval, the distance between the sites of the proximal and distal pulse wave transducers. The foot of the proximal and the distal pulse waves is detected by differantiation and by marking signals generated by a zero crossig marker. These signals start and stop a time interval counter connected to a digital printer and a D/A converter. Gating circuits prevent the operation of the time interval counter by extrema of the pulse wave other than its foot. The accuracy of the differentiator, the accuracy in detecting the zero crossing of the differentiated pulse wave, and the influence of a sloping baseline on the position of the pulse foot, are discussed. In a similar fashion, it is possible to measure the time interval between theR-wave and the foot of a peripheral pulse wave. The equipment is being tested clinically. Examples of recordings are given. Cases where the equipment fails to measure, due to peculiarities in the shape of the pule wave, are pointed out.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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