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  • 1
    ISSN: 1440-1738
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  Volcanic rocks consisting of adakite and Nb-enriched basalt are found in the early Devonian Tuoranggekuduke Group in the northern margin of the Kazakhstan-Junggar Plate, northern Xinjiang, northwest China. The geochemical characteristics of the andesitic and dacitic rocks in this area resemble that of adakites. The relatively high Al2O3, Na2O and MgO content and Mg♯ values indicate that the adakites were generated in relation to oceanic slab subduction rather than the partial melting of basaltic crust. A slightly higher SrI and a lower ɛNd(t = 375 Ma) compared to adakites of mid-oceanic ridge basalt (MORB) imply that slab sediments were incorporated into these adakites during slab melting. The Nb-enriched basalt lavas, which are intercalated in adakite lava suite, are silica saturated and are distinguished from the typical arc basalts by their higher Nb and Ti content (high field strength element enrichment). They are derived from the partial melting of the slab melt-metasomatized mantle wedge peridotite. Apparently, positive Sr anomalies and a slightly higher heavy rare earth element content in these adakites compared to their Cenozoic counterparts indicate that the geothermal gradient in the Paleo-Asian Oceanic subduction zone and the depth of the Paleo-Asian Oceanic slab melting are between those of their Archean and Cenozoic counterparts. The distribution of the adakites and Nb-enriched basalts in the northern margin of the Kazakhstan-Junggar Plate, northern Xinjiang, indicates that the Paleo-Asian Oceanic Plate subducted southward beneath the Kazakhstan-Junggar Plate in the early Devonian period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
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    Madison, N.J., etc. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    The Literary Review. 39:2 (1996:Winter) 161 
    ISSN: 0024-4589
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies
    Description / Table of Contents: Translators' Essays
    Notes: A Japanese Sampler: Lane Dunlop, Guest Editor
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 11 (1998), S. 833-843 
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: dung beetle ; male reproductive effort ; mating effort ; nesting behavior ; paternal effort ; Scarabaeus catenatus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The dung beetle, Scarabaeus catenatus, shows not only the rolling but also the tunneling tactic for nest building with bisexual cooperation. Sex roles, however, differed between the tactics. In rolling, the male took the initiative like that of ball-roller species: he rolled a dung ball away and buried it. In tunneling, in contrast, the male usually had a secondary role like that of tunnelers: he was less active in burrow excavation and provisioning. Regardless of the tactics, male participation did not increase female reproductive output measured by the number or size of brood balls in the field, but seemed to function as mate guarding against conspecific males. This suggests that, in both tactics, the male S. catenatus invests primarily in mating effort compared with paternal effort. The relative importance of mating effort in male participation seems to hold true in other dung beetles, irrespective of whether they are ball-roller or tunneler species. In addition, the male mating strategy of S. catenatus is compared with that of other ball-rollers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralogy and petrology 44 (1991), S. 253-269 
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die chemische Zusammensetzung von Olivin Phenokristallen wurde in 13 Basalt-Proben, die vom Zentralteil .des Kamerun-Vulkangürtels stammen, bestimmt, um Hinweise auf die Zusammensetzung der primären Olivineinsprenglinge and des primären Magmas zu erlangen. Die Mg/(Mg + Fe) Verhältnisse der Olivine reichen bis 0.91, obwohl viefle dieser Mg-Olivine auf Grund textureller Kriterien als aus Peridotit-Einschlüssen stammende Xenokristalle zu identifizieren sind. Die Mg/(Mg + Fe) Verhältnsse der Hauptmasse der Olivin-Phenokristalle liegen im Bereich von 0.87 bis 0.88, die Ni0 Gehalte zwischen 0.32 und 0.35 Gew %. Die Ni0 gegen Mg/(Mg + Fe) Verhältnisse eignen sich zur Abschätzung der Zusammensetzung der primären Phenokristalle, solange die Mg/(Mg + Fe) Verhältnisse im Bereich von 0.88 bis 0.90 liegen. Die Zusammensetzung des Primärmagmas wurde mittels der Fe2+-Mg-Verteilung zwischen dem Magma und den sich mit dem Magma im Gleichgewicht befindlichen primären Olivinkristallen unter der Annahme eines Fe3+/Fe total Verhältnisses von 0.17–0.25, welches sich aus der Mg-Fe Verteilung zwischen Plagioklas und Grundmasse ergibt, bestimmt. Demnach ergibt sich für das primäre Magma der Kamerun Basalte ein MgO Gehalt von 13.5 + 4.0 Gew%. Dieser Wert ist mit der Zusammensetzung von Basalten mit höchsten MgO-Gehalten, wie sie bisher vom Kamerun-Vulkangürtel berichtet worden sind, vergleichbar.
    Notes: Summary The chemical composition of olivine phenocrysts was determined for 13 basaltic samples taken from the central part of the Cameroon Volcanic line to estimate the compositions of the primary olivine phenocrysts and the primary magmas. The Mg/(Mg + Fe) ratios of the olivines attain 0.91, though many of the magnesian olivines are identified on a textural basis as xenocrysts from peridotite inclusions. Most magnesian olivine phenocrysts have Mg/(Mg + Fe) ratios of 0.87–0.88 and NiO contents of 0.32–0.35 wt %. The NiO versus Mg/(Mg + Fe) ratios of the olivines can be used to estimate the compositions of the primary phenocrysts in a range of Mg/(Mg + Fe) = 0.88–0.90. Assuming the Fe(3)/(total Fe) ratios of the magmas are 0.17–0.25, which is estimated from the Fe-Mg partitioning between plagioclase and groundmass, the compositions of the primary magmas were obtained from the Fe2+-Mg partition equilibrium with the primary olivine phenocrysts. The primary magmas of the Cameroonian basalts have 13.5 ± 4.0 wt MgO, which is similar to the compositions of basalts with highest MgO contents reported so far from the Cameroon volcanic line.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1437-7799
    Keywords: chronic renal failure ; continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis ; hemodialysis ; interleukin 1β ; uremia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background We evaluated levels of plasma interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-1β mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with chronic renal failure. Methods Patients with chronic renal failure included 13 patients not undergoing dialysis, 10 patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, and 16 patients underoing hemodialysis. The levels of plasma IL-1βwere measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and IL-1βmRNA levels were evaluated by using the competitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. PCR was performed by coamplifying the IL-1β mutant template containing a uniqueSac I site in samples that contained identical amounts of β-action. Results The levels of plasma IL-1β were below a delectable level. The levels of IL-1βmRNA in each group with chronic renal failure were significantly higher than that in healthy subjects. Levels of IL-1β mRNA in the PBMCs were augmented at the end of dialysis sessions compared to those at the start of dialysis. Conclusions Results suggest that the overexpression of IL-1β mRNA in PBMCs may be induced by uremic substances, as well as by dialysis per se.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The visual computer 9 (1993), S. 173-181 
    ISSN: 1432-2315
    Keywords: 4×4 determinant method ; Computational geometry ; Geometric modeling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract The 4×4 determinant method makes it possible to unify geometric processing by the computations of 4×4 determinants composed of homogeneous coordinants vectors of four points or coefficient vectors of four plane equations. Because the method needs not require a division operation, error-free geometric computation is not difficult to realize by means of integer arithemtic of appropriate data length. The present paper proposes an error-free, efficient computing method, which computes the 4×4 determinants by adaptively selecting integer arithmetic of variable data length. This technique is discussed theoretically and experimentally.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Key words Serine protease ; Epidermis ; Differentiation ; Inflammation ; Wound repair
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The expression of neuropsin mRNA in vivo in mouse skin was examined by in situ hybridization and Northern blotting under stimulated conditions. Two kinds of epidermal stimuli, a topical application of a chemical tumor promoter and incisional wounding, were used. A single topical application of 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate induced epidermal hyperplasia and simultaneously induced an extensive increase in neuropsin mRNA in the suprabasal cells. A full-thickness skin incision also induced a profound increase in neuropsin mRNA in the suprabasal cells surrounding the wound but not in actively proliferating basal cells. The increases in neuropsin mRNA occurred rather late and were limited to the site of drug application or around the incision. Interestingly, neuropsin mRNA was not expressed in the epithelial tongue migrating toward the wound during re-epithelialization. Thus, neuropsin might participate in accelerated epidermal differentiation rather than in the proliferation or migration of keratinocytes in the wound.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 360 (1992), S. 664-666 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The extrusion of viscous lavas near the summit edge of the Fugendake dome of Unzen volcano, western Japan, began on 20 May 1991, and has been continuing at a rate of 1-3 x 105 m3 per day for more than a year6'8. About 4,000 small-scale pyro-clastic flows from the domes have been recorded ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 346 (1990), S. 322-323 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR-An outburst of lethal gas from Lake Nyos killed about 1,700 people on 21 August 19861. It has been confirmed12 that the gas was almost pure CO2 of magmatic origin, but the volume of gas released, the mechanism of the sudden release and the likelihood of a future recurrence remain open ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 50 (1975), S. 49-64 
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Coronas around quartz xenocrysts in andesite and basalt from Tertiary volcanics in northeastern Shikoku, Japan, have been described. The coronas are composed mainly of Ca-rich clinopyroxene and glass. Compositional profiles across the corona glass show monotonous variation of major elements except for alkalis. Preliminary experiment on the reaction between basaltic melt and quartz has shown that alkalis diffused against their concentration gradients. This particular feature of alkali enrichment in corona glass is explained by a diffusion model, in which non-ideality of alkalis in silicate melt is assumed. Preferred crystallization of Ca-rich clinopyroxene in coronas of orthopyroxene andesite is discussed using a chemical potential diagram in the system SiO2-CaO-RO (RO=MgO+FeO), and it is suggested that higher (Na+K)/Al ratio of the corona glass, which increases the effective CaO concentration and thus increases the μ CaO/μ RO, is responsible for the preferred crystallization of Ca-rich clinopyroxene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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