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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Der VCS-Clip – Experimentelle Erfahrungen mit einem neuen vasculären Klammernahtinstrument (1999)
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 70 (1999), S. 206-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Vascular stapler ; Conventional suture ; Flow measurement. ; Schlüsselwörter: Vasculäres Klammernahtinstrument ; Handnaht ; Flußmessung.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Die Anlage einer suffizienten Gefäßanastomose ist, trotz Verbesserung von Nahttechnik und Nahtmaterial, weiterhin mit erheblichen Früh- (Stenose, Thrombose) und Spätkomplikationen (Intimahyperplasie) behaftet. Trotz Praktikabilität und vergleichbarer Sicherheit haben mechanische Klammernahtinstrumente infolge der eingeschränkten Handhabung und Komplexität keine Rolle gespielt. Mit dem VCS-Clip-System steht für vasculäre Anastomosen ein weiteres Klammernahtgerät zur Verfügung. Im Rahmen einer experimentellen Untersuchung ergaben sich für kleine Gefäße ( 〈 4 mm) signifikant niedrigere Anastomosenzeiten [9,2 ± 1,5 min (VCS) vs. 20,6 ± 2,7 min (Naht), p 〈 0,001] sowie höhere Flußraten im Vergleich mit der konventionellen, fortlaufenden Nahttechnik [150 ± 29,1 ml/min (1,0 Std) → 79,9 ± 24,0 ml/min (24 Std) (Naht) vs. 186 ± 45 ml/min (1,0 Std) → 162 ± 48 ml/min (24 Std) (VCS), p 〈 0,005]. Das VCS-Clip-System erlaubt – neben einer leichten Handhabung – eine schnelle, standardisierte Anastomosenanlage ohne Penetration der Intima.
    Notes: Summary. Despite improvements in technique and suture material, vascular anastomosis is still associated with a significant rate of early (stenosis, thrombosis) and late (intimal hyperplasia) complications. Although automatic mechanical staplers were practical und comparatively safe to use, they did not play a major role in vascular surgery, probably due to the complexity and difficult handling. In an experimental study with the VCS clip system, we found a significant improvement in performing a hepatic artery anastomosis [9.2 ± 1.5 min (VCS) vs 20.6 ± 2.7 min (suture), P 〈 0.001], early patency and flow rate [150 ± 29.1 ml/min (1.0 h) → 79.9 ± 24.0 ml/min (24 h) (suture) vs 186 ± 45 ml/min (1.0 h) → 162 ± 48 ml/min (VCS), P 〈 0.005]. Besides easy handling, the VCS clip system allows for a fast, standardized vascular anastomosis without intimal penetration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00002593
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intramucosal pH and liver endotoxin clearance during experimental liver transplantation (2000)
    Springer
    Transplant international 13 (2000), S. S600 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Key words pHi ; Donor preconditioning ; Kupffer cells ; Liver transplantation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The study was designed to assess the gastrointestinal ischaemia and the influence of the specific Kupffer cell toxin gadolinium chloride (GdCl3) on the hepatic and extrahepatic endotoxin [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)] clearance during experimental orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in pigs. In eight pig liver transplantations, the donors received 20 mg/kg of GdCl3 24 h before explantation, while controls (n = 8) received normal saline. Gastric and sigmoid intramucosal pH (pHi), LPS and endotoxin-neutralising capacity (ENC) levels were measured in the portal vein and superior vena cava after laparatomy, at the end of the anhepatic phase and 1 h after reperfusion. During the anhepatic phase, the sigmoid pHi decreased significantly from 7.32 ± 0.02 to 7.29 ± 0.03 (P 〈 0.001) and was associated with a substantial increase of portal LPS. Following reperfusion, the systemic LPS concentrations were significantly lower in the pretreated group [39 ± 23 pg/ml (Control); 14 ± 7 (GdCl3); P 〈 0.05] suggesting an improved liver LPS clearance [86 % (GdCl3); 58.2 % (Control); P 〈 0.05]. This corresponded to an increased ENC in the pretreated group [118 ± 52 ENU/ml (GdCl3) vs 81 ± 45 ENU/ml (Control); P 〈 0.05]. The anhepatic phase induced splanchnic ischaemia which correlated with portal endotoxaemia. Donor preconditioning with GdCl3 leads to lower systemic LPS concentrations in the recipient and increases ENC values in the early phase after OLT. An improved hepatocellular LPS extraction and/or an activation of the extrahepatic reticulo-endothelial system as a result of GdCl3 treatment is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001470050411
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ciprofloxacin in the treatment of nosocomial multiply resistant Acinetobacter calcoaceticus bacteremia (1990)
    Springer
    Infection 18 (1990), S. 234-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Während drei verschiedener Ausbrüche traten in drei Intensivstationen 12 Fälle von Bakteriämie durch multiresistente Stämme vonAcinetobacter calcoaceticus auf. Als die Bakteriämie auftrat, wurden alle diese Patienten künstlich beatmet, erhielten Breitspektrumantibiotika und hatten zentrale Gefäßkatheter. In drei Fällen war die Primärinfektion im Abdomen, in vier Fällen in den Atemwegen lokalisiert, viermal handelte es sich um Katheterinfektionen und einmal um eine ZNS-Infektion. In acht Fällen waren die Acinetobacter-Stämme nur gegen Ciprofloxacin empfindlich. Bei vier Stämmen bestand auch Empfindlichkeit gegen Amikacin. Alle mit Ciprofloxacin allein (sieben) oder in Kombination mit Amikacin (vier) behandelten Patienten erholten sich vollständig von ihrer Infektion. Der 12. Patient starb bevor die Resistenztestung vorlag. Ciprofloxacin ist offensichtlich ein ausgezeichnetes Therapeutikum zur Behandlung von Infektionen durchA. calcoaceticus.
    Notes: Summary Twelve cases of multiply resistantAcinetobacter calcoaceticus bacteremia occurred in three intensive care units in three different outbreaks. All patients were mechanically ventilated, on broad spectrum antibiotics and had central lines when bacteremia occurred. The sites of primary infection were: abdominal (n=3); respiratory (n=4); central lines (n=4); CNS (n=1). In eight cases the acinetobacter strains were susceptible to ciprofloxacin only. Four other strains were sensitive to amikacin as well. All 11 patients treated with ciprofloxacin alone (seven) or in combination with amikacin (four) fully recovered from the infection. The 12th patient died before antibiotic susceptibility was available. Ciprofloxacin seems to be an excellent therapeutic agent forA. calcoaceticus infections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01643395
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationships between H-NS, σS, SpvR and growth phase in the control of spvR, the regulatory gene of the Salmonella plasmid virulence operon (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 256 (1997), S. 333-347 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key wordsSalmonella typhimurium ; rpoS ; spv ; H-NS ; DNA curvature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The σS-regulated gene spvR of Salmonella typhimurium encodes an autoregulatory protein required for transcriptional activation of the virulence operon spvABCD. A mutation in the histone-like protein H-NS, which negatively controls the σS level, has been reported to increase spv gene expression in S. typhimurium strain LT2. In agreement with this, we found that transcription of spvR and spvABCD was derepressed in hns strains of Escherichia coli and S. typhimurium. Moreover, levels of spv gene expression in hns rpoS double mutants were higher than expression levels in mutants deficient in rpoS alone, and were close to those measured in wild-type strains. This demonstrates that H-NS contributes to spv gene regulation independently of its function in controlling the σS level. Since the same start site was used for spvR gene transcription in wild-type as in hns and hns rpoS mutant strains, it is likely that the spvR promoter, spvRp1, can be recognized efficiently by an RNA polymerase containing σ70. The spvR promoter region shows an intrinsic DNA curvature that might be a determinant in H-NS- and/or σS-mediated control. A single amino acid substitution, Leu to Pro at position 265, abolished the regulatory function of SpvR in E. coli and Salmonella, implicating the C-terminal domain of SpvR in its structure and/or regulatory function. The spvR 265 allele is not transcribed at detectable levels in hns or hns rpoS strains, suggesting that activation of spvRp1 in these strains remains dependent on SpvR. Thus, we propose a model for spvR gene regulation in which SpvR acts as a co-regulator of an RNA polymerase containing either σ70 (in the absence of H-NS) or σS, to induce transcriptional initiation at spvRp1. Moreover, growth-phase regulation of spv gene expression was maintained in hns and hns rpoS strains, indicating that an additional element, besides σS, is involved in the growth-phase regulation in rich medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380050577
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An optimal formulation of the matrix method in statistical mechanics of one-dimensional interacting units: Efficient iterative algorithmic procedures (1990)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 30 (1990), S. 481-497 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Statistical mechanical calculations for one-dimensional interacting units have undergone great development in many fields of macromolecular science. The partition function is the most rigorous description of an ensemble of molecules in equilibrium. Specific methodological formulations and algorithms were developed to handle numerically the inclusion of long-range effects (as compared to usual nearest neighbor Ising models) and known sequence-dependent heterogeneities of biological macromolecules. The most successful approach in formulating these problems in a very general and tractable framework was the so-called matrix method. Despite several improvements, it was claimed that in practical applications this approach had fundamental limitations inherent to any “matrix” formulation. We show here that a new conceptual formulation allows us to overcome these limitations completely. We propose a general iterative procedure that combines the theoretical advantages of the matrix method with the possibility of highly optimized and efficient numerical algorithms.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360300502
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A rigorous mathematical treatment for the excluded volume effect in monte carlo simulations of polymeric chains (1989)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 28 (1989), S. 2059-2070 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In Monte Carlo simulations of polymeric chains, the chains, the chains are most often represented as spheres, or cylinders with flat ends. In this methodological paper, we adopt a representation of the chains as spherocylinders (continuous cylinders ending in semispheres). With such a representation the testing for chain overlap, which is the crucial step for the incluson of the excluded volume effect in the simulations, can be defined in a rigorous geometrical framework. The treatment we then derive fulfills the following features:  - it allows a very simple, automatic, and exhaustive calsificatim of all the possible configurations; - it provides a physical representation for steric hindrance effects more natural than the flat-ended cylinders. Notably, this representation avoids the introduction of artificial anisotropies in the treatments.This spherocylindrical representation is also well suited for several types of calculations that can be involved in elaborate Monte Carlo simulations.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360281203
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