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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 103 (1995), S. 3578-3588 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Various approximations are used currently to evaluate the static part Σ(∞) of the self-energy or optical potential in molecular Green's function calculations. Since its expansion is ruled out by the linked-cluster theorem, one generally assumes a size-intensive behavior of Σ(∞) in the thermodynamic limit of an infinite system. A detailed analysis of this size-dependence property is conducted using the formulation of crystalline orbitals (CO) for stereoregular polymers. In spite of the linked-cluster theorem, this study provides evidence for a logarithmic divergence with respect to the size of a chain for some forms of Σ(∞), computed with common approximation schemes. This is the direct outcome of the long-range character of the Coulombic interaction and can be related to a violation in the number of particles within the system. A proper size-intensive behavior implies an exact cancellation of the logarithmically divergent behavior of antigraphs. The conclusions drawn from CO analysis are confirmed by numerical tests on model oligomer systems. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis and photolyses of the epoxydiene (E)-5 are described. On triplet excitation (λ 〉 280 nm, acetone), (E)-5 undergoes initial cleavage of the C(5)—O bond leading to the intermediate c. Presumably an H-shift (c → e) followed by the fragmentation of the 1,4-diradical e leads (via the enol 37) to the diketones (E)-6 and (Z)-12. Alternatively cleavage of the C(6)—C(7) bond of c furnishes the diradical intermediate d which reacts by recombination leading to (E)-13A + B, 16, and 17A + B, or by an H-shift to the enol intermediate 38. The latter undergoes an aldol-type reaction to (E/Z)-14A + B and (E/Z)-15A + B, as well as a photochemical [2 + 2]-cycloaddition to 18. On singlet excitation (λ = 254 nm, MeCN), (E)-5 undergoes photocleavage to the carbene intermediates f and g. The vinyl carbene f reacts with the adjacent double bond furnishing the cyclopropene 22 as the main product. From the carbene intermediate g, compounds 23, 24, and 25 arise by carbene insertion into the neighboring C—C or C—H bond. Furthermore, the diastereomer of the starting material, the epoxydiene (E)-20, is formed via the ylide intermediate h.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The first known lithiated 1-azafulvene derivatives were generated by low-temperature halogen/metal interchange, with t-BuLi, from the corresponding brominated 6-diisopropylamino compounds 3b and 12. These Li species reacted with sundry eletrophilic reagents to give products which, on basic hydrolysis, were converted into 5-mono- or 4,5-disubstituted pyrrole-2-carbaldehydes 10 and 16, respectively.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: On acid-catalyzed hydrolysis, the tricyclic compounds 2 and 10, incorporating cyclopropyl-silyl-ether moieties undergo rearrangement to the cis-decalones 3 and 7, respectively. Hydrolysis of 2 and 10 in the presence of oxygen leads additionally to the formation of the 1,2-dioxolan-3-ols 9 and 13, respectively, which involves an electron-transfer oxygenation process as could be demonstrated by photooxygenation of the silyl ether 10 and the cyclopropanol 14 in the presence of 9,10-dicyanoanthracene. The configurations of 3 and 9 were assigned by X-ray analysis of the latter compound as well as of the p-nitrobenzoate 8 of 3.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 72 (1989), S. 264-270 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis of the α, β-epoxy-acylsilanes 1 and 2 starting from the allylic silyl alcohols (E)- and (Z)-3, respectively, by epoxidation with t-BuOOH/VO(acac)2 followed by oxidation with Collins reagent (CrO3/pyridine) in up to 70% overall yields, is described. The acid-catalyzed rearrangement of the epoxy-silyl alcohols 4A + B und 5A + B led to the novel unstable diastereoisomeric α-silyl-β-hydroxy-aldehydes 9 and 10, respectively. The structure of 10 was established by X-ray crystal-structure analysis of the corresponding alcohol 11.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The photolysis and thermolysis of the Cyclopropyl silyl ketones 3, 4, and 5 are described. On n,π* excitation, the silyl ketones 3 and 4 undergo a Norrish-type-II reaction involving γ-H abstraction, cyclopropyl ring cleavage followed by retro-enolization to the acylsilanes 6 and (E/Z)-12, respectively. As a common product of 3 and 4, the dihydrofuran 7 is formed via the alternative C(α)-C(β) cleavage of the cyclopropyl moiety. Compounds 6, 7, and (E/Z)-12 are new types of acylsilane photoproducts. The irradiation of acylsilane 5 gave the analogous dihydrofuran 15 as the only product. On photolysis of 3 and 4, products 8A + B and 13A + B, derived from a siloxy carbene intermediate, were found as well. On thermolysis of 3 and 4, the acylsilanes 6 (80%), and (E)-12 (33%) and (Z)-12 (34%), respectively, are formed as the only products. Their formation may occur via a [1, 5] sigmatropic H-shift. The thermolysis of 5 gave the diene 16 whose formation can be explained by insertion of a siloxycarbene into the neighboring cyclopropane leading to the cyclobutene 28 as thermally unstable intermediate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The photolyses and thermolyses of the α,β-epoxy silyl ketones 5 and 6 are described. On n,π*-excitation, the silyl ketones 5 and 6 were transformed to the ketone 7 and the ketene 8 in quantitative yield. The formation of 8 may be explained by initial cleavage of the C(α)—O bond and subsequent C(1)→C(2) migration of the (t-Bu)Me2Si group. In contrast to the acylsilanes 5 and 6, the photolyses of the analogous methyl ketones 11 and 12 gave a very complex mixture of products. On thermolysis, 5 and 6 yielded the ketone 7 and the acetylenic compound 9, which were probably formed via a siloxycarbene intermediate. In addition, the 1,3-dioxle 10 was formed via an initial C(α)—C(β) bond cleavage leading to the ylide g and subsequent intramolecular addition of the carbonyl group. The analogous 1,3-dioxole 13 was obtained on pyrolysis of the methyl ketones 11 and 12.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 67 (1984), S. 1734-1747 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Syntheses and the photolyses of the acylsilane 1 and the corresponding methyl ketone 2 are described. On n,π*-excitation, the silyl ketone 1 as well as the methyl ketone 2 undergo a Norrish type II reaction involving γ-H-abstraction and fragmentation to the diene 12, and acetone (20) or the acylsilane 26, respectively. The methyl ketone 2, but not the acylsilane 1, isomerizes to cyclobutanols (21A-D). Additionally, compound 1 shows photochemical behavior typical of acylsilanes undergoing rearrangement to the siloxycarbene intermediate c. Insertion of c into the O—H-ond of the enol 28 leads to compound 13. Initial trapping of the siloxycarbene c by H2O, however, gives rise to the formation of compounds 16-18. As minor photolysis products of 1, compounds 14 and (Z)-15 were formed; however, on vapor phase thermolysis (520°) of 1, compounds 14 and (E/Z)-15 were obtained in 92% combined yield. To a small extent the acylsilane 1 also undergoes Norrish type I cleavage leading to the acid 19.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 69 (1986), S. 44-52 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis of the cyclopropyl silyl ketones 1-4 is described. The trimethylsilyl ketone 1 was prepared from geraniol ((E)-5) in ca. 10% overall yield by cyclopropanation leading to 6, CrO3 oxidation to the aldehyde 8, reaction of the latter with trimethylsilyl anion to 14A+B, and CrO3 oxidation to 1. Also for the (t-butyl)dimethylsilyl ketones 2-4, an efficient four-step synthesis with overall yields of 48%, 85%, and 13%, respectively, was elaborated, starting from the allylic alcohols (E)-5, and 23. The method of preparation involves as the key step a Wittig rearrangement of the silylallyl ethers ((E/Z)-20, 24) to the silyl alcohols ((E/Z)-21, 25), subsequent cyclopropanation (19A + B, 22A + B, 26), and oxidation to the cyclopropyl silyl ketones 2-4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The syntheses, photolyses, and thermolyses of the α,β-unsaturated silyl ketones (E/Z)-7, (E)-8, and (E)-9 are described. On n,π*-excitation (λ 〉 347 mm), the aforementioned compounds undergo (E/Z)-isomerization followed by γ-H abstraction. The intermediate enols are trapped intermolecularly by siloxycarbenes leading to the dimeric acetals 27A + B, 30A + B, and 31A + B. In addition, the acylsilanes (E/Z)-7 undergo photoisomerization by δ-H abstraction furnishing the acylsilanes 29A + B. Flash vacuum thermolyses (FVT) of (E/Z)-7, (E/Z)-8, and (E)-9 give rise to intramolecular reactions of the siloxycarbene intermediates. Thus, FVT (520°) of (E)- and (Z)-7 selectively leads to the enol silyl ethers 32 and (E)-33, respectively, arising from carbene insertion into an allylic C--H bond. FVT of (E/Z)-8 (560°) and (E)-9 (600°) affords the trienol silyl ethers 34A + B and the cyclic silyl ethers 37A + B, respectively, which are formed by CH insertion of the siloxycarbenes. As further products of (E)-8 and (E)-9, the bicyclic enol ethers 35 and 36 are formed, presumably via siloxycarbene addition to the cyclohexene C=C bond.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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