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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Opioid receptor-mediated control of acetylcholine release in human neocortex tissue (1996)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 354 (1996), S. 586-592 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Key words Acetylcholine release ; Human neocortex ; Opioid receptors ; Endogenous opioids ; Interneurons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of various opioid receptor agonists and antagonists on evoked acetylcholine release were studied in slices of human neocortex prelabelled with [3H]-choline, superfused and depolarized electrically (2 min, 3 Hz, 2 ms, 24 mA) or by K+ (20 mM). The δ-opioid receptor agonist DPDPE and the κ-opioid receptor agonist U50488 reduced the evoked [3H]-overflow (acetylcholine release) in a concentration-dependent fashion; the δ-opioid receptor antagonist naltrindole and the the κ-opioid receptor antagonist norbinaltorphimine, respectively, antagonized these effects. Application of the μ-opioid receptor agonist DAGO also resulted in an inhibition of acetylcholine release; however, both δ- and κ-opioid receptor antagonists were able to block this effect. The μ-opioid receptor agonists morphine and (+)-nortilidine had no effect. These results indicate that acetylcholine release in human neocortex is inhibited through δ- and κ-opioid receptors, but not through μ-opioid receptors. Acetylcholine release was significantly increased by the δ-opioid receptor antagonist naltrindole in the presence of a mixture of peptidase inhibitors providing evidence for a δ-opioid receptor-mediated inhibition of acetylcholine release by endogenous enkephalin. K+-evoked acetylcholine release in the presence of TTX was inhibited by U50488, but not by DPDPE, suggesting the presence of κ-opioid receptors on cholinergic terminals and the localization of δ-receptors on cortical interneurons. Therefore, the potent effect of DPDPE on acetylcholine release is likely to be indirect, by modulation of intrinsic cortical neurons. These interneurons probably do not use GABA as neurotransmitter since both GABAA and GABAB receptor agonists (muscimol and baclofen, respectively) were without effect on acetylcholine release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00170832
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chronic subdural haematoma — a comparison of two different treatment modalities (1997)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 139 (1997), S. 818-826 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Subdural haematoma ; twist-drill trephination ; burrhole craniotomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Burr-hole craniotomy (BHC) and closed-system drainage undoubtedly is currently the most accepted treatment offered in chronic subdural haematoma (CSDH). Although twist-drill trephination (TDT) techniques have been available for years, now a special subdural catheter kit has been launched for treatment of CSDH. In a prospective study, 33 patients with 36 CSDH were treated with a 5-mm TDT regimen and insertion of a CORDIS subdural catheter (CORDIS Corp., Miami, USA). The results are compared with a consecutive series of 33 patients treated previously with an 11-mm BHC and closed-system drainage for 40 CSDH: Recurrence and persistence rate of CSDH treated with TDT necessitating a second intervention was 18.1%, no further surgical intervention was necessary. In BHC treated patients, 33.3% of haematomas had to be reoperated on, another 6.0% had to be re-operated on a third time. Infection rate in BHC treated patients was 18.1% as compared with a 0% infection rate in patients treated with the TDT technique. Mortality rate for the BHC method was 9.0% as compared with 6.0% in the TDT treatment regimen. Significantly better clinical results are achieved using the TDT technique with insertion of a special subdural catheter, making this procedure superior to the BHC regimen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01411399
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unilateral microsurgical approaches to extramedullary spinal tumours (1983)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 67 (1983), S. 245-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Extramedullary tumours ; operative technique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The operative technique of limited approaches to extramedullary spinal tumours is described. The results after unilateral approaches are as satisfying as after standard laminectomies. The rationale of attempting an unilateral approach is to avoid damage to the dorsal static structures of the vertebral column. Access given by limited approach and possibilities of enlarging the bony defect depending on the topographical situation of the tumour are discussed in detail. It is emphasized that the dura should be opened only over the tumour in order to avoid protrusion of the cord.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01401426
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relation of intracranial pressure B-waves to different sleep stages in patients with suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus (1995)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 136 (1995), S. 195-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: B-waves ; intracranial pressure ; normal pressure hydrocephalus ; sleep
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The interpretation of data from continuous monitoring of intra-cranial pressure (ICP) in patients with suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is the subject of controversy. Despite the fact that overnight ICP monitoring is widely used for the diagnosis of NPH, normative criteria are poorly defined. The present study demonstrates that there is a relationship between the relative frequency, the absolute amplitude, the wavelength and the morphology of B-waves and different sleep stages. Intraventricular intracranial pressure was recorded continuously overnight in 16 patients with suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus. Simultaneous polysomnography was performed to investigate the relation of spontaneous ICP oscillations to different sleep stages. A correlative analysis was done with the data of 13 patients. Three patients were excluded, one who was awake throughout the night and two in whom polysomnography was incomplete due to technicai reasons. The mean resting cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure was 12.87 cm CSF. B-waves were observed in the ICP recordings of all patients. They were present for a mean of 72% of the total recording time. The relative frequency of B-waves was higher during REM sleep and sleep stage 2 as compared to wakefulness (87.8% and 83.2% vs. 56, p 〈 0.05). The absolute amplitude was higher during REM sleep than in wakefulness (9.56 vs. 3.44 cm CSF, p 〈 0.05). Wavelengths were longer in REM sleep than in wakefulness and stages 1 and 2 (62.4 vs. 42, 40.7 and 44.8 sec, p 〈 0.05). The morphology of B-waves was also related to different sleep stages. Ramp-type B-waves were associated with REM sleep in six patients, however, were also present in sleep stage 2 in three of them. Knowledge of the relation of spontaneous ICP oscillations to different sleep stages may help to establish physiological foundations and alterations. Furthermore, polysomnography may be useful to avoid erroneous interpretation of ICP recordings due to sleep stage related variability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01410626
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Opioid receptor-mediated control of acetylcholine release in human neocortex tissue (1996)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 354 (1996), S. 586-592 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Acetylcholine release ; Human neocortex ; Opioid receptors ; Endogenous opioids ; Interneurons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of various opioid receptor agonists and antagonists on evoked acetylcholine release were studied in slices of human neocortex prelabelled with [3H]-choline, superfused and depolarized electrically (2 min, 3 Hz, 2 ms, 24 mA) or by K+ (20 mM). The δ-opioid receptor agonist DPDPE and the κ-opioid receptor agonist U50488 reduced the evoked [3H]-overflow (acetylcholine release) in a concentration-dependent fashion; the δ-opioid receptor antagonist naltrindole and the the κ-opioid receptor antagonist norbinaltorphimine, respectively, antagonized these effects. Application of the μ-opioid receptor agonist DAGO also resulted in an inhibition of acetylcholine release; however, both δ- and κ-opioid receptor antagonists were able to block this effect. The μ-opioid receptor agonists morphine and (+)-nortilidine had no effect. These results indicate that acetylcholine release in human neocortex is inhibited through δ- and κ-opioid receptors, but not through μ-opioid receptors. Acetylcholine release was significantly increased by the δ-opioid receptor antagonist naltrindole in the presence of a mixture of peptidase inhibitors providing evidence for a δ-opioid receptor-mediated inhibition of acetylcholine release by endogenous enkephalin. K+-evoked acetylcholine release in the presence of TTX was inhibited by U50488, but not by DPDPE, suggesting the presence of κ-opioid receptors on cholinergic terminals and the localization of δ-receptors on cortical interneurons. Therefore, the potent effect of DPDPE on acetylcholine release is likely to be indirect, by modulation of intrinsic cortical neurons. These interneurons probably do not use GABA as neurotransmitter since both GABAA and GABAB receptor agonists (muscimol and baclofen, respectively) were without effect on acetylcholine release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00170832
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Primary leiomyosarcoma of the spinal leptomeninges (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of neuro-oncology 18 (1994), S. 25-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: leiomyosarcoma ; spinal cord tumor ; mesenchyme
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A case of leiomyosarcoma of the spinal leptomeninges is presented, with clinical, radiological, light microscopic and immunohistochemical data. The probable origin of the tumor from a pluripotent mesenchymal cell is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01324600
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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