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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    European journal of political research 11 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-6765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Political Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    European journal of political research 3 (1975), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-6765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Political Science
    Notes: Various analytic and simulation models designed to integrate the political and economic sectors are surveyed, stressing the interacting links going from the economy to the polity through the popularity function and in the reverse direction through the government's reaction function. Partial politico-economic models concentrate on a particular trade-off between goals, in particular between inflation and unemployment. The models of total politico-economic interdependence study the interrelationship of the economy as a whole with the polity. They are studied theoretically and by simulation techniques. Ongoing research by the authors indicates that such models can be applied empirically; as an example an already existing econometric model of the German economy is extended by an endogenous government sector.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Economic affairs 17 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-0270
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The latest empirical research indicates a strong increase in the size of the shadow economy in Western Europe, over the period 1970 to 1990. For 11 of the 17 investigated OECD-countries the size of the shadow economy in 1990 was more than 10% of GNP. Analysis shows that the major causes of the shadow economy are the direct and indirect tax burden, and government regulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Publishing Asia
    Pacific economic review 10 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-0106
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract.  Despite continuous government attempts to increase taxpayer compliance, the shadow economy continues to offer a way for taxpayers to evade their taxpaying obligations. The consequences are clear: policy-makers have increasingly imperfect knowledge about the state of economic affairs as shadow economy activity expands. We provide the first known estimates of the shadow economy for 17 Asia-Pacific countries. We show that, not only have these activities grown over the last ten years, but countries with relatively thin taxpayer compliance initiatives experience the greatest shadow economy activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Economic affairs 7 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-0270
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Early issues of Economic Affairs contained an exchange of views on the size and development of the black economy, concentrating chiefly on the UK. Friedrich Schneider and Markus Hofreither, of the University of Linz, continue the debate with an examination of the methods used to analyse the underground or ‘shadow’ economy in many Western countries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd.
    Kyklos 54 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: High-quality institutions of conflict management can serve to mitigate the negative effects of adverse external shocks and social conflict on long-run economic growth. But in addition to the benefits (production-enhancing cooperation), there are also costs (taxes and rent-seeking) of conflict-management institutions like corporatism and trust. We examine both positive and negative influences in the context of a simple growth model. Contrary to previous research, we predict a non-linear relationship between institutions and growth. The empirical evidence from a panel for the years 1961-1995 shows that neo-corporatism and trust have each had independent positive effects on long-run growth in the EU, suggesting that the diminishing product range of institutions has not yet been reached. Under an increasing size of government, however, both institutions lead to a dominating negative rent-seeking effect.Our thanks for helpful comments go to the editors, an anonymous referee, Karl Aiginger, Mathias Dufour, Frauke Skudelny, Robert Urbatsch, seminar participants at the University of Linz, the Austrian Institute for Economic Research and discussants at the European Public Choice Society Meeting 2000 in Siena. All remaining errors are ours, of course. An extended version of this paper is available from the authors on request (Schneider and Wagner 2001). Further results are discussed in Wagner (2000).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Kyklos 54 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 31 (1978), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This paper deals with the occurrence of fiscal illusion and its effect on public expenditures. Fiscal illusion is here taken to be a systematic misperception by individuals of both the public revenue burden borne by them and the amount of benefit they derive from public expenditures. Taking the revenue structure and public outlays of the 110 largest Swiss cities as an example, it is shown that there is in fact empirical evidence for the existence of fiscal illusion (presently defined for the most part in the literature as a systematic underestimation of fiscal burden) and, as a result, for higher public expenditures when it occurs than when it is absent. By dividing the Swiss cities according to the degree of citizen participation in the making of public decisions, we were able to formulate hypotheses predicting to what degree fiscal burden illusion (understood as systematic underestimation) will occur under each system. These hypotheses have been empirically confirmed. Further analysis of the results has indicated that in cities in which the citizens can only indirectly participate in public decision-making, the government and public bureaucracy have more freedom to act independent of the wishes of the voters with respect to expenditures, though these are taken more and more into consideration as elections approach. This expenditure behavior and particularly the concrete manner in which expenditures are adjusted to approaching general elections leads us to the conclusion that illusion with respect to the benefit derived from public expenditures also exists.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 48 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The author, born in Germany in 1949, is professor of economics at the University of Linz (Austria). He received his education at the universities of Konstanz (Germany) and Zurich (Switzerland) in Europe, and at the University of Yale and at the Center for Study of Public Choice, Blacksburg, Virginia in the U.S. Before his current position he was visiting professor at the University of Stockholm, Carnegie-Mellon University, Aarhus University (Denmark), and La Trobe University, Melbourne.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 47 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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