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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biocompatibility of foldable IOLs in vivo (1999)
    Springer
    Der Ophthalmologe 96 (1999), S. 20-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0423
    Keywords: Key words“Acrysof”• Biocompatibility • Foldable lenses •“Memory lens” ; Schlüsselwörter Acrysof®• Biokompatibilität • Faltbare Linsen • Memory lens®
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Hintergrund: Ein Teilaspekt der Biokompatibilität von Linsenimplantaten kann durch die In-vivo-Zytologie, der Differenzierung von Zellauflagerungen auf dem Implantat, untersucht werden. Patienten und Methode: Wir untersuchten 45 Patienten, die eine „Memory lens®“ und 31 Patienten, die eine „Acrysof®“-Linse implantiert bekamen 3–6 Monate nach der Operation spiegelmikroskopisch. Ergebnisse: Die typischen Auflagerungen (Linsenepithelien, spindelförmige Makrophagen, Riesenzellen, Pigment, Wolter-Membran, Implantations-Pinzetten-Spuren) waren auf beiden Linsentypen gleich selten. Nach der Implantation der „Acrysof“-Linse wuchsen weniger Linsenepithelzellen auf der Hinterkapsel. Schlußfolgerung: Wir fanden keinen Hinweis auf eine reduzierte Biokompatibilität der untersuchten faltbaren Linsen. Eine reduzierte Nachstarhäufigkeit der Acrysof®-Linse ist wahrscheinlich durch die „Klebrigkeit“ der Linse mit der Hinterkapsel verursacht.
    Notes: Purpose: One aspect of biocompatibility of IOLs can be tested using specular microscopy of the anterior and posterior surface of the lens in vivo. Methods: We examined 45 patients after implantation of a “Memory lens” and 31 patients after the implantation of an “Acrysof” lens 3–6 months after surgery. Results: Typical deposits (Lens epithelial cells, spindle-shaped macrophages, giant cells, pigment, Wolter membrane) were rarely seen on both types of lenses. There were fewer lens epithelial cells on the posterior capsule and less secondary cataract after implantation of the “Acrysof” lens. Conclusions: We did not find any indication of reduced biocompatibility in any of the lenses examined. The reduced rate of secondary cataract after implantation of the “memory lens” may be explained by the fact that this lens type sticks to the posterior capsule better.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003470050370
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Corneal biopsy in keratitis performed with the microtrephine (1999)
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 237 (1999), S. 915-919 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  · Background: The aetiology of most cases of keratitis remains unclear because the causative agents respond to broad-spectrum antibiotics. Problems occur when they become resistant to local therapies. Further diagnostic measures such as corneal scrapings or biopsies are then necessary. In order to ensure early and gentle biopsy followed by effective diagnosis within 24 h, corneal biopsy specimens were obtained with a microtrephine. · Patients and methods: Microbiopsies were obtained from 28 patients suffering from corneal infiltrates or ulcerative keratitis. Different stainings were used to identify the pathogens. Photographs of the clinical healing process were taken immediately after biopsy and during the follow-up. · Results: One hundred and ten microbiopsies were performed. One hundred and eighteen specimens could be obtained. No perforation occurred. In 5 of 10 cases in which herpetic keratitis was predicted, herpes DNA could be confirmed. The other five cases were found to be caused by other microbes. In 15 of 18 cases, the bacterial pathogen could be confirmed by Gram’s stain diagnosis after microtrephination. Corneal smear was positive in only 7 of these cases. In 2 of 6 cases, predicted to be caused by fungi, lactophenol-blue staining of the microbiopsies showed positive results. Corneal smear was positive in only 1 of these 2 fungal cases. No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred. No worsening of the disease as a result of treatment could be observed. · Conclusions: The confirmation of microbial cause of keratitis is more effective using microbiopsy than with corneal smears. As a result of the effective treatment after biopsy diagnosis, the majority of cases of keratitis healed. Local therapy seems to have been optimised due to the unroofing of infection during biopsy as well. Therefore microbiopsy in combination with laboratory diagnosis may prove to be a very useful diagnostic and possibly therapeutic method in the clinical routine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004170050386
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unusual deposits in the superficial corneal stroma following combined use of topical corticosteroid and beta-blocking medication (1991)
    Springer
    Documenta ophthalmologica 78 (1991), S. 169-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2622
    Keywords: Corneal calcinc precipitates ; epithelial defects ; steroids ; timolol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Clinical observation of eight patients with superficial stromal precipitation of calcium phosphate is presented. In all cases the predisposing factors for the formation of these depositions were: epithelial defects and the combined use of topical dexamethason phosphate or prednisolon phosphate with topical beta-blocking agents. In two patients the medication that gave rise to these precipitates was used without preservatives, suggesting that the medication itself and not the preservatives contribute to the deposits. Discontinuance of simultaneous administration of the steroids and beta-blocking agents prevented further formation of precipitates. The authors suggest an interaction between simultaneously given steroid and betablocking agents, giving rise to calcium phosphate precipitates when an epithelial defect is present which allows easy access to the superficial corneal stroma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00165677
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrolytes in the cornea: a therapeutic challenge (1996)
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 234 (1996), S. 761-764 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract • Background: Reported here are the results of electrolyte measurements in different layers of 70 apparently normal human corneas. • Methods: Samples were examined by energy-dispersive X-ray analysis under calibrated conditions in a scanning electron microscope. The method allows the simultaneous quantitative analysis of, among others, sodium (Na), chloride (Cl), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). The results are related to the dry weight of the analyzed samples. Four distinct layers, subepithelium, middle stroma, posterior stroma and Descemet's membrane, were analysed in each cornea. • Results: In the middle stroma we found concentrations of: sodium 0.609 ± 0.13, chloride 0.557 ± 0.115, potassium 0.058 ± 0.02 and phosphorus 0.038 ± 0.01 (mmol/kg dry weight). • Conclusion: The collation of normal electrolyte concentrations provides reference values for future studies on changes of the corneal electrolyte composition in diseased or injured eyes. The electrolyte composition of rinsing fluids or eye drops should be adjusted to that of the corneal stroma. Phosphate buffer, for example, is not a good vehicle for topical eye treatments and should be replaced by organic buffering systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00189358
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conjunctival tissue examination in severe eye burns: a study with scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (1995)
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 233 (1995), S. 251-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract •Background: Longlasting inflammation is a major problem in treatment after severe eye burns and may find expression in an altered elemental composition of the conjunctiva. Particulate contamination of biological tissue induces such inflammatory processes. In the anterior eye segment, trauma or subsequent therapy may give rise to such contamination. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis are able to detect traumatic residues of submicron size and changes of the elemental composition. •Methods: Conjunctival specimens from first-time peridectomy of three healthy and nine severely burnt-eyes were examined with scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. The samples were prepared as cryo- or paraffin sections, mounted on carbon blocks and coated with evaporated elemental carbon. •Results: The samples of healthy conjunctiva showed higher concentrations of Na, P and CI. These elements showed lower concentrations in conjunctival stroma of burnt eyes excised before the 20th day after trauma than in material obtained subsequently. In two burnt conjunctival specimens there was severe traumatic contamination with Ca in Ca(OH)2 and CaO burns, and in one case the traumatic substance was Si, in a peroxide plus silicone spray burn. In the remaining six cases, particulate contamination with Fe, Al, Ni, Zn, Cu, Ti and other substances was present in the burnt conjunctivas, while no contamination was detected in the specimens of healthy conjunctivas. •Conclusions: The origin of the contaminant particles is assumed to be the trauma itself and the subsequent therapy. These investigations stress the importance, for clinical purposes, or early peridectomy and contamination-free therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00177645
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aachen keratoprosthesis as temporary implant for combined vitreoretinal surgery and keratoplasty: report on 10 clinical applications (2000)
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 238 (2000), S. 722-726 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A new keratoprosthesis was used during pars plana vitrectomy in order to test the optical quality, watertightness, short-term biocompatibility and handling of the new device. The implantability was also tested, given that this keratoprosthesis might in future be left in place for several months. This Aachen keratoprosthesis (Aachen-KPro) is developed to be used as permanent implant to restore vision in corneal blind patients. Patient and methods: The Aachen-KPro was used during pars plana vitrectomy in 10 patients with opaque corneas. In four cases, trauma precipitated the ocular disease. Eye burn was the cause of corneal and retinal disorders in another four cases. One patient had a history of congenital glaucoma with myopia, and one of uveitis with corneal dystrophy. After trephination of 6.5 mm in diameter, the Aachen-KPro, composed of soft silicone rubber, was temporarily placed in the trephination hole. After completion of the vitrectomy, the Aachen-KPro was replaced by a 7 mm corneal graft. Results: Intraoperative use of the Aachen-KPro allowed uncomplicated intraoperative handling, smooth adaptation to the corneal rim in the trephination hole, and an undistorted view of the central and peripheral retina. Leakage, even during scleral depression, could be avoided by individual suturing of the scleral rim. After a follow-up period of 1–10 months, the retina was still attached in all cases. The corneal graft was clear after surgery in four eyes, and edema was found in three cases. Amnion or conjunctiva was placed over three patients’ transplants. Conclusion: We report the first temporary implantations of a new keratoprosthesis in 10 patients. Its flexibility and good optical qualities allowed control of intraoperative procedures. The outcome and prognosis of the vitreoretinal surgery and keratoplasty were related to the primary diagnosis. The Aachen-KPro has shown advantages, especially in eyes where the anterior eye segment is severely damaged by eye burn or previous surgical interventions. In the future, prolonged use of the Aachen-KPro is planned for selected eyes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004170000163
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrolytes in the cornea: A therapeutic challenge (1997)
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 235 (1997), S. 262-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00941771
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