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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 15 (1977), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: Generally the geology of the Breton area of Alberta consists of a 5-to 125-ft (1.5- to 38.1-m) veneer of glacial till overlying sandstone and sandy shale units of the Paskapoo Formation. These sandstone units are locally important aquifers. Glacial drift in the Hastings Lake area varies in thickness from 100 to 200 ft (30.5 to 61.0 m) and overlies the Horseshoe Canyon Formation, which consists of bentonitic shale, siltstone and coal units with minor sandstone units. Ground-water yields from drift and bedrock in this area are generally less than 30 gpm (113.6 1/m).Resistivity soundings were completed at 68 and 65 stations in the Breton and Hastings Lake areas, respectively. Profile maps from the Breton area are characterized by broad areas with apparent resistivity values greater than 100 ohm-ft (3048 ohm-cm). Qualitative evaluation of the resistivity soundings and existing borehole data indicated that the high resistivity values resulted from a thick resistive sandstone aquifer less than 25 ft (7.6 m) from ground surface. A reasonably well-defined resistivity pattern was evident on the profile maps of the Hastings Lake area with the highest resistivity values coming from stations located in the hummocky moraine south of the lake. Sounding curves and borehole data indicate that an increase in the sand content of the drift is responsible for these values. However, local variability in the drift lithology produces anomalies in the resistivity patterns. In addition to providing useful information on the geology of an area, surface resistivity methods provide a rapid and relatively inexpensive tool to aid in planning more detailed ground-water studies because of their ability to detect inhomogeneities in the subsurface environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 29 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: This paper demonstrates the operation of EXPAR, a knowledge-based system designed to assist in preparing a set of data for a contaminant transport model. The accompanying evaluation exercise provides preliminary indications of the usefulness of EXPAR. The exercise tested the ability of participants to simulate the distribution of three organic compounds at a hazardous waste site near Ottawa, Canada. A modest set of basic information was provided together with one of four sets of supplementary data. The embedded knowledge in the EXPAR system appeared to provide valuable assistance in modeling, and the system itself met our expectations in terms of the user-friendliness and robustness. Additional work will be required to remove the weaknesses found in the evaluation particularly with respect to biodégradation data and guidance in establishing flow directions. The results of the project have shown that knowledge-based systems show promise in solving problems associated with the implementation of a transport model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 29 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: Computer software with embedded knowledge has the potential to improve the utility and usability of computer models. We explore these opportunities with the software package Expert ROKEY that includes EXPAR, a knowledge-based system to assist in the preparation of input data for a simple mass transport model. EXPAR is partitioned into two levels. At the top level is a set of computer forms that contain groups of related parameters and corresponding entry fields. Users can either volunteer parameter values or request help from an assistance program. Elaboration programs provide supporting information for each parameter and brief tutorials for the mass transport processes included in the model. The sets of assistance and elaboration programs represent the bottom level of EXPAR. This model preprocessor contains useful features like tutorial and data-base information, systematic procedures for deriving parameter values, capabilities for checking the completeness and consistency of data, and a virtually transparent user interface with the computer, which are applicable to codes of all types.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 219 (1975), S. 51-57 
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Keywords: Hernia repair – Quality management – Health realted quality of life – SF-36. ; Schlüsselwörter: Leistenhernienchirurgie – Qualitätssicherung – Lebensqualität – SF-36.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Ziel des in Kooperation mit der Gmünder Ersatzkasse (GEK) durchgeführten Projekts ist es, den kurz- und mittelfristigen Erfolg von Leistenbruchoperationen in der Routineversorgung aus der Perspektive der Patienten zu beurteilen. Material und Methode: Ein standardisiertes Erhebungsinstrument wurde entwickelt, das unter anderem die Aspekte „prä- und postoperative subjektive Einschätzung des Beschwerdegrads“, „Komplikationen“ sowie „gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität“ (SF-36) umfaßt. Alle Versicherten der GEK (Alter: 35–75 Jahre), die sich zwischen November 1996 und Januar 1997 in stationärer Behandlung mit der Hauptdiagnose „Leistenbruch“ (ICD-550; n = 502) befanden, wurden durchschnittlich 3 Monate (T1) und 14 Monate (T2) postoperativ schriftlich befragt. Der Rücklauf zu T1 betrug 73 %, zu T2 56,8 %. Somit liegen 280 auswertbare Fragebögen vor. 96 % waren Männer, das durchschnittliche Alter betrug 54 Jahre. Ergebnisse: Bei jeweils einem Viertel der Befragten kommt es postoperativ zu einem Hämatom im Operationsgebiet bzw. zu einer postoperativen Schwellung des Hodens. Vier % der Patienten berichten über eine eitrige Entzündung der Operationswunde. In Bezug auf das (erinnerte) präoperative indikationsspezifische Beschwerdeniveau lassen sich postoperativ zu T1 substantielle Verbesserungen nachweisen (p 〈 0,0001), die im weiteren Verlauf (T2) erhalten bleiben (indikationsspezifischer Beschwerdewert präoperativ: 10,7; T1: 2,8; T2: 2,5). Zu T1 erreichen die Patienten in 3, zum zweiten Erhebungszeitpunkt in 5 der 8 SF-36-Subskalen das Niveau der Normalbevölkerung. Die in den 3 Lebensqualitätsdimensionen zu T2 (noch bestehenden) Abweichungen im Vergleich zur Normalbevölkerung sind dabei vergleichsweise gering. Multivariate Analysen belegen, daß das Auftreten von Komplikationen aus der Perspektive der Patienten die zentrale Determinante von Verbesserungen indikationsspezifischer Beschwerden und der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität ist. Schlußfolgerungen: Leistenbruchoperationen führen bereits relativ kurzfristig zu einer deutlichen Reduktion indikationsspezifischer Beeinträchtigungen, und auch die gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität erreicht im wesentlichen das Niveau der Normalbevölkerung. Patientenseitig wahrgenommene Komplikationen sind die wichtigste Determinante der postoperativen gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität.
    Notes: Abstract. Background: The study was conducted in cooperation with a German sickness fund (Gmünder Ersatzkasse GEK) to determine the success of surgery for inguinal hernia from the patient's perspective. Methods: We developed a standardized questionnaire containing, among other things, pre- and postoperative subjective assessment of disease-specific symptoms, complications, and health-related quality of life (SF-36). All beneficiaries (age 35–75 years), who were treated in the hospital for inguinal hernia repair (ICD-550) between November 1996 and January 1997 (n = 502) were sent the questionnaire at an average of 3 months (T1) and 14 months postoperatively. The response rate at T1 was 73 %. At T2 data from 280 patients were available for analysis: 96 % were male (mean age: 54 years). Descriptive and multivariate analysis (GSK model) were performed to reveal determinants of disease-specific symptom alleviation and health-related quality of life. Results: Postoperative hematoma and genital swelling were reported by a quarter of the respondents, each. Pyogenic wound infection appeared in 4 %. Compared to the (recalled) preoperative symptom level at T1 substantial and statistical significant improvements were apparent (P 〈 0.0001). These were maintained at T2 (disease-specific symptom checklist: preoperative: 10.7; T1: 2.8; T2: 2.5). Health-related quality of life reached the level of the German reference population in three of the eight subscales of the SF-36 at T1, and in five SF-36 subscales at T2. However, at T2 (still existing) deviations from the reference population in three of the SF-36 subscales were small. Bi- and multivariate analysis reveals that the appearance of complications from the patient's perspective has to be considered the main determinant of disease-specific symptom alleviation and health-related quality of life after hernia repair. Conclusion: Inguinal hernia repair leads to substantial improvements in disease-specific symptoms. Overall, health-related quality of life reaches the level of the reference population. The patient's perception of complications is the major determinant of health outcomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 370 (1994), S. 258-258 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SAHAGIAN ET AL. REPLY - Chao and Rodenburg both suggest that there is more water stored in artificial reservoirs than we accounted for in our paper1, and that this would reduce the amount of net anthropogenic sea-level rise to date. We do not doubt that our list of artificial reservoirs was ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 369 (1994), S. 616-616 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SAHAGIAN ET AL. REPLY — Greuell suggests that past sea-level changes integrated over long periods of time are more interesting than actual rates. We disagree and maintain that the current rate of sea-level change induced by humans is the datum of greatest interest for ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 101 (1981), S. 331-337 
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Cancer screening ; Sensitivity ; Early detection ; Interval cases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The determination of “interval cases” bears great significance in the estimation of the diagnostic sensitivity of a cancer screening programme and the setting of an appropriate periodicity of the screening terms. The concept can only be applied purposefully with regard to tumor kinetics and its relationships to the probability of tumor detection through the examination methods applied. The methodical considerations presented also result in a criticism of the “length-biased sampling” which has constantly been pointed out in the screening theory in recent years.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 107 (1936), S. 152-154 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: limnology ; chemistry ; groundwater
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The management of recreational lakes in the prairie region of Canada requires that their physical, chemical and biological setting be clearly defined. This study relates the major ion chemistry of two lakes to significant ion contributions from groundwater, surface runoff and snow. The major ion concentrations in addition are related to several important limnological processes. Lake Wabamun is a 84.6 km2 lake with a basin set in Cretaceous bedrock. Groundwater studies in the watershed indicate that rather large quantities of groundwater enter the lake from fractured coal and bedrock units. Hastings Lake has a considerably smaller surface area and is formed in a shallow depression in glacial drift. Generally, smaller quantities of groundwater enter this lake because the glacial drift has a low permeability. Evaluation of the data indicates that relative quantity and quality of groundwater inflow is probably the most important factor controlling the major ion chemistry of the lakes. Other factors are mineral precipitation, freezing out and the timing of major water inflows.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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