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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature Dependence of [3H]Ro 15–1788 Binding to Benzodiazepine Receptors in Human Postmortem Brain Homogenates (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 55 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The temperature dependence of in vitro binding of [3H]Ro 15–1788 to benzodiazepine receptors in human postmortem neocortex and neocerebellum homogenates was studied. An increase of the equilibrium dissociation constants (KD) from 1.40 nmol/L and 1.04 nmol/L at 4°C to 6.10 nmol/L and 8.91 nmol/L at 37°C was found for neocortex and neocerebellum, respectively. In contrast, maximal binding (Bmax) remained in the range of 30–35 fmol/mg for neocortex and 24–27 fmol/mg of tissue (wet weight) for neocerebellum at all the temperatures. The KD of 6.10 nmol/L for neocortex at 37°C in vitro is of the same order as the KD of 10 nmol/L obtained by positron emission tomography for [11C]Ro 15–1788 binding to benzodiazepine receptors in the human neocortex in vivo. The differences in KD between in vitro and in vivo benzodiazepine receptor binding to human neocortex and cerebellum seem to be due at least partially to temperature differences of in vitro and in vivo studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb03140.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regional cerebral blood flow during experimental phobic fear (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychophysiology 30 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Positron emission tomographic measurements of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) were used to investigate central nervous system correlates of fear and anxiety. Volunteers with symptomatic snake phobia were studied while exposed to visual phobogenic, aversive, and neutral stimuli. Anxiety ratings and the number of nonspecific electrodermal fluctuations increased as a function of phobic stimulation. Phobic, compared to neutral and aversive, stimulation elevated rCBF in the visual associative cortex. The basal ganglia were not activated more by phobic than aversive or neutral stimulation. However, cortical and thalamic rCBF were always correlated during phobic but not aversive or neutral stimulation. This indicates that the thalamus could be a relay station for phobic stimulus processing and affect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1993.tb03211.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of Neuropeptide Y Y1 mRNA in the Human Brain: Abundant Expression in Cerebral Cortex and Striatum (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 9 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Many neurobiological functions have been ascribed to the NPY Y1 receptor subtype, but autoradiographic analysis has failed to detect Y1 binding sites in most human brain areas, in contrast to the rat. We examined the regional distribution of Y1 mRNA-containing cells in the post-mortem human brain to clarify if there is a major species difference in terms of the existence of Y1 receptors in the human telencephalon, in particular the striatum and cortex. In situ hybridization experiments revealed widespread distribution of Y1 mRNA signals in all layers of most limbic and neocortical regions, predominantly in layer IV (most cortical regions) and layer VI. The striatum showed moderate Y1 receptor mRNA expression levels with intensely expressing cells localized to the nucleus accumbens. The highest Y1 receptor mRNA expression was apparent within the dentate gyrus, and the lowest in the subiculum, parahippocampal gyrus, cerebellum, and thalamus. In vitro autoradiography using [125I]Leu31Pro34-PYY and [125I]PYY with NPY (13–36) or Leu31 Pro34 NPY; confirmed the presence of low Y1–like binding in the human brain despite abundant Y1 mRNA expression. However, using a rat model of the human autopsy process, it was apparent that the inability to reveal high Y1– versus Y2–like receptors in the human brain was related in part to marked reductions of Y1–like, but not Y2–like, receptors within a 4 h post-mortem delay. Altogether, the results indicate that the Y1 receptor gene is abundant in the human brain and this receptor may have important roles in cognitive, limbic and motor function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.1997.tb01476.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and Determination of 1-Methylimidazole-4-Acetic Acid in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 40 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: A method for the quantification of 1-methylimidazole-4-acetic acid in human CSF was developed. Methylimidazole-acetic acid was identified and quantitated in CSF. The method involves concentration of the compound on a cation exchanger, extraction of the methyl ester with ethyl acetate, and preparation of a heptafluorobutyryl derivate of the methyl ester, which is finally purified by chromatography on silica gel and quantitated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with the deuterated analogue as internal standard. The coefficient of variation at 1 ng/ml was 13%. The limit of sensitivity was about 0.2 ng/ml. The concentration of methylimidazole-acetic acid in lumbar CSF from healthy volunteers was below 1 ng/ml. Ventricular CSF contained higher concentrations than lumbar fluid. The existence of a rostrocaudal concentration gradient was established. There was a correlation between the concentration of methylimidazole-acetic acid and tele-methylhistamine in CSF. The concentration of methylimidazole-acetic acid in lumbar CSF from schizophrenic patients, patients with subarachnoidal haemorrhage, or patients with rheumatic disease was in the range of that in healthy volunteers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1983.tb08034.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and Determination of Tele-Methylhistamine in Cerebrospinal Fluid by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 37 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The presence of tele-methylhistamine in human cerebrospinal fluid has been established. The concentration was determined with the use of deuterated tele-methylhistamine. The preparation of the deuterated standard is described. The concentration range in samples from neuropsychiatric patients was 0.1-2.5 ng/ml. The structure of the pentafluoropropionyl derivative used for gas chromatography was studied with the aid of proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb00478.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    5-Hydroxytryptophol in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid: Conjugation, Concentration Gradient, Relationship to 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid, and Influence of Hereditary Factors (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 43 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyiryptophol was studied in human cerebrospinal fluid. A minor fraction (∼13%) was found in conjugated form from which it was liberated by treatment with sulphatase containing 3- glucuronidase activity. A concentration gradient of 5-hydroxytryptophol concentration was shown on lumbar tapping and the concentration in ventricular CSF was about 2.5 times higher than that in lumbar CSF. 5-Hydroxytryptophol and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentrations were significantly correlated in healthy, psychotic, and depressed subjects, but not in alcoholics. 5-Hydroxytryptophol concentrations in CSF of psychotic and depressed subjects were not different from those of healthy controls (4.22 pmol/ml ± 0.15, SEM). In healthy subjects, hereditary factors seemed to have little influence on the CSF level of 5-hydroxytryptophol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb06678.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of perphenazine enanthate injections on prolactin levels in plasma from schizophrenic women and men (1978)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 57 (1978), S. 1-4 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Long-acting neuroleptics ; Perphenazine ; Prolactin ; Schizophrenia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Levels of prolactin (PRL) in plasma were determined in schizophrenic women and men after i.m. injections of 50–150 mg perphenazine enanthate (PE). In both sexes PRL levels increased dose-dependently. In men the effect was significant for 2 and in women for 9 days. Biperiden treatment did not influence the effect of PE on the PRL levels. The data support the view that clinically used doses of PE induce a small but significant blockade of central dopamine receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00426949
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prolactin response following intravenous and oral sulpiride in healthy human subjects in relation to sulpiride concentrations (1982)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 76 (1982), S. 44-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Prolactin ; Circadian rhythm ; Sulpiride ; Healthy volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Sulpiride (100 mg) was administered intravenously and orally to healthy human subjects. Serum concentrations of sulpiride and prolactin were followed for 36 h. Both routes of drug administration resulted in a pronounced and sustained increase in serum prolactin concentration. The prolactin response was positively correlated to the prolactin baseline value. The concentrations of prolactin remained at an elevated plateau for 9–36 h after drug treatment despite low drug concentrations. The level of this plateau was directly related to the normal circadian secretion of prolactin. The sustained prolactin elevation may be due to high affinity and strong binding of the compound to the regulating receptors or the formation of an active sulpiride metabolite. Prolactin and sulpiride concentrations were significantly correlated during the initial phase after intravenous sulpiride. Following intravenous and oral sulpiride the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) for prolactin was similar despite a considerable difference in the sulpiride concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00430753
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autoradiographic localisation of D3-dopamine receptors in the human brain using the selective D3-dopamine receptor agonist (+)-[3H]PD 128907 (1996)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 128 (1996), S. 240-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Key words Autoradiography ; D3-dopamine receptor ; Human brain ; Nucleus accumbens ; [3H]7-OH-DPAT ; [3H]PD 128907
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The selective D3-dopamine receptor agonist 4aR,10bR-(+)-trans-3,4,4a,10b-tetrahydro-4-[N-propyl-2,3-3H]-2H,5H-[1]benzopyrano[4,3-b]-1,4-oxazin-9-ol ([3H]PD 128907) was used to visualise D3-dopamine receptors in whole hemisphere cryosections from post-mortem human brain. [3H]PD 128907 has an 18- to 40-fold selectivity for D3- over D2-dopamine receptors as compared to a 7- to 24-fold selectivity of the more commonly used ligand [3H]7-OH-DPAT. [3H]PD 128907 accumulated markedly in the nucleus accumbens and in the ventral parts of caudate nucleus and putamen, with a slightly heterogeneous (patch-matrix like) distribution. The binding in the lateral parts of caudate nucleus and putamen was much less dense. No binding was obtained in any other regions. A very high proportion of [3H]PD 128907 was specifically bound, as judged from the low binding remaining in the presence of the D2/D3-dopamine receptor antagonist raclopride. This gives the ligand a potential for the detection of low density D3-dopamine receptors in the human brain. The binding obtained with [3H]PD 128907 was qualitatively similar to that using [3H]7-OH-DPAT in the presence of GTP. However, [3H]7-OH-DPAT labelled, in contrast to [3H]PD 128907, also D3-dopamine receptors in neocortex. The new compound [3H]PD 128907 appears to be a suitable radioligand for autoradiographic examination of the D3-dopamine receptor localisation in the human brain, and should also be useful for pharmacological studies of this receptor subtype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002130050131
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    11C-SCH 39166, a selective ligand for visualization of dopamine-D1 receptor binding in the monkey brain using PET (1991)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 103 (1991), S. 150-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: D1-dopamine receptors ; Positron emission tomography ; Monkey brain ; Dopamine receptor antagonist ; Antipsychotic drugs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The new selective D1-dopamine receptor antagonist SCH 39166 was labelled with the positron emitting isotope11C and used as ligand for visualization of dopamine-D1 receptor binding in Cynomolgus monkeys by PET. After intravenous administration of the ligand a marked uptake of radioactivity was recorded in the D1-dopamine receptor-rich striatum and neocortex but not in the dopamine receptor-poor cerebellum. The uptake of radioactivity in striatum and neocortex was markedly displaced after the intravenous injection of a high dose of the D1-dopamine receptor antagonist SCH 23390 but not after the 5-HT2 receptor antagonist ketanserine.11C-SCH 39166 should be a useful tool to explore D1-dopamine receptor characteristics in the living human brain by PET.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02244195
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