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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Anaesthesist 49 (2000), S. 675-684 
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Klinische Ernährungstherapie ; Ernährungsteams ; Kostenreduktion ; Key words Clinical nutrition ; Nutritional support teams ; Costs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Procedures in clinical nutrition have gained both invasiveness as well as the complexity. Thus improved education of professionals and their alliance in hospital based nutritional support teams (NST) is demanding. Two forms of collaboration, the “interdisciplinary nutritional committee” and the “department for nutritional therapy”, are discussed. It is the goal of this contribution to present structure and tasks of an independently working department for nutritional support therapy. The pertinent areas of activity are composed as followed: clinical nutritional therapy, home nutrition, education, research, and quality management. The team members include the physician, the dietitian, the nurse, the nutritionist, and the pharmacist. The individual tasks as well as the areas of responsibility are presented. We discuss, whether nutritional support teams might be suitable to achieve cost reduction, provided adequate working conditions are available. Issues like “performance related reimbursement” and “NST certification” by health care organizations are discussed. We also elude to the option to merge services with other health care providers in order to built up an inter-disciplinary organization system. We conclude that nutritional support teams have to be prepared to meet hospital needs. Costs/benefit balances have to be assessable and must be documented. Although the effectiveness of selected nutritional support teams was clearly shown, it is the challenge of each individual team to produce proof of effectiveness for itself. Acceptable working conditions, however, should be provided as they have to be considered indispensable to achieve high quality performance.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In der klinischen Ernährungstherapie hat sowohl die Invasivität als auch die Komplexität der Verfahren zugenommen. Daraus ergibt sich die Forderung nach verbesserter Ausbildung von Fachkräften und deren Zusammenschluss in Ernährungsteams. Zwei mögliche Organisationsformen, das “interdisziplinäre Ernährungskomitee” und die “eigenständige Abteilung für Ernährungstherapie”, werden diskutiert. Es ist das Ziel dieses Beitrags, Struktur und Aufgaben einer eigenständigen Abteilung für Ernährungstherapie darzustellen. Das Leistungsangebot einer solchen Organisationsform gliedert sich in die Bereiche klinische Ernährungstherapie, Heimernährung, Aus- und Weiterbildung, Forschung sowie Qualitätssicherung. Zum Kreis der Mitglieder gehören der Arzt, die Diätassistentin, die Plegekraft, der Ökotrophologe sowie der Apotheker. Die einzelnen Aufgaben- und Verantwortungsbereiche werden dargestellt. Wir diskutieren zudem, ob eigenständige Ernährungsteams zur Kostenreduktion geeignet sind, sofern geeignete Rahmenbedingungen sowie Leistungsanreize geschaffen werden. Die leistungsbezogene Vergütung sowie das Modell der Zertifizierung von Ernährungsteams durch die Kostenträger werden erörtert. Auch die Option des Zusammenschlusses mit anderen inner- und außerklinischen Leistungsanbietern zu einem fachübergreifenden Organisationsverbund wird diskutiert. Zusammenfassend wird festgestellt, dass Ernährungsteams ihr Angebot an den bestehenden klinischen und außerklinischen Bedürfnissen zu orientieren haben. Dabei müssen Kosten und Nutzen medizinischer Leistungen dokumentiert und bewertet werden können. Obwohl die Effektivität wirkungsvoll arbeitender Ernährungsteams bereits gezeigt werden konnte, ist es die Aufgabe jedes einzelnen Teams diesen Nachweis für sich zu erbringen. Akzeptable Rahmenbedingungen stellen dazu jedoch die unabdingbare Voraussetzung dar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European spine journal 6 (1997), S. 98-101 
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Percutaneous discectomy ; Osteomyelitis ; Haematogenous spondylodiscitis ; Aspiration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Lumbar disc infection, either after surgical discectomy or caused by haematogenous spread from other infection sources, is a severe complication. Specific antibiotic treatment has to be started as soon as possible to obtain satisfactory results in conservative treatment or operative fusion. The aim of this study was to analyse 16 cases of lumbar disc infection, treated with percutaneous lumbar discectomy (PLD) to obtain adequate amounts of tissue for histological examination and microbial culture. Between 1990 and 1994, 26 patients with vertebral osteomyelitis were treated. Sixteen patients, with an average age of 41.4 years (range 14–59 years), underwent a diagnostic PLD. Eight of them showed only moderate changes on computed tomograms (CT scans) and magnetic resonance (MR) images in the initial stages of the disease. The other eight showed more or less extensive osteolytic lesions of one or both vertebral bodies adjacent to the involved disc. The histology results showed non-specific discitis in nine patients and tuberculosis in one. In two patients an open biopsy had been performed, which showed non-specific discitis. Microbiological analysis revealed specific infection in 45% of the patients. These patients received a specific antibiotic treatment after antibiogram for an average of 33 days. Only three patients were treated surgically, with evacuation of the disc space and interbody fusion; the whole group received a spondylitis brace. All patients obtained satisfactory clinical results at the last follow-up regarding pain, mobility and spontaneous fusion of the involved disc space. In conclusion, PLD is a very helpful minimally invasive procedure in conservative treatment of lumbar discitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: mitoxantrone ; malignant human brain tumors ; DNA strand breaks ; alkaline elution ; flourescence spectrophotometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In this study mitoxantrone (Mtx) induced DNA strand breaks were measured with the alkaline elution technique in short term cell cultures derived from human gliomas. Glioblastomas or astrocytomasfrom 5 patients who underwent intracranial surgery were cultured and incubated 1 h with different concentrations of Mtx (0, 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 μg/ml). The alkaline elution methodwas modified to measure DNA lesions in human gliomas. Mtx inducedDNA strand breaks in a dose dependent manner in all cell culturestested. There was a linear increase of DNA strand break frequencyinduced by Mtx between 0.01—1.0 μg/ml. Concerning these in vitro data, Mtx might be potentially useful for the treatment ofpatients with malignant brain tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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