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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of public health dentistry 35 (1975), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1752-7325
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 107 (1963), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 13 (1989), S. 9-18 
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les méthodes et les résultats du premier essai contrôlé sur l'efficacité de l'examen périodique dans la réduction de mortalité due au cancer du sein ont été décrites. Cette étude a débuté en décembre 1963 et la période de surveillance s'est terminée à la fin de 1986. Plus de 60,000 femmes, âgées de 40 à 64 ans, adhérant à une compagnie d'assurances (Health Insurance Plan of Greater New York) ont été inclues dans l'étude ou pas après tirage au sort. Dans le groupe étude, les examens proposés étaient la mammographie et l'examen clinique du sein. Soixante sept pour cent des femmes environ ont accepté de suivre ces conseils au départ; 60% ont continué à se faire examiner 3 fois par an. Le groupe de contrôle recevait les soins et conseils médicaux usuels. Au bout de 10 ans d'étude, la mortalité due au cancer du sein était réduite de 30% chez les femmes du groupe étude. Au bout de 18 ans, ce taux s'abaissait à 23–24%. Les bénéfices de cette surveillance étaient plus nets chez les femmes âgées de 50 ans ou plus, par rapport à celles de 40 à 49 ans. Dans une revue des programmes de dépistage du cancer du sein réalisés plus récemment en Suède, aux Pays-Bas, au Royaume Uni, et au Canada, l'efficacité rejoint celle de l'étude princeps new yorkaise. Les modalités et la fréquence des examens, ainsi que la population à inclure dans ces programmes de dépistage sont définies.
    Abstract: Resumen Este artículo comienza con un resumen de los métodos y resultados del primer estudio randomizado y controlado que se efectuó con el propósito de probar la eficacia del tamizaje periódico en la reducción de la mortalidad por cáncer mamario. El estudio fue iniciado en diciembre de 1963 y sus fases finales de seguimiento para determinar el efecto a largo plazo del tamizaje terminaron en 1986. Más de 60,000 mujeres con edades entre 40 y 64 años, miembros del Health Insurance Program of Greater New York o HIP (Programa de Seguridad de Salud del Gran Nueva York) fueron asignadas al azar al grupo de estudio o al grupo control. El grupo de estudio fue sometido a los estudios de tamizaje consistentes en mamografía y examen clínico de los senos. Alrededor del 67% aceptó la invitación para el tamizaje inicial; una gran proporción de las integrantes del grupo retornó para 3 reexámenes a intervalos anuales. El grupo control continuó recibiendo la atención médica usual. A los 10 años, la mortalidad por cáncer mamario apareció reducida en un 30% en las mujeres del grupo de estudio; a los 18 años esta reducción fue de 23–24%. El beneficio del tamizaje apareció más evidente en las mujeres con edad mayor de 50 años al inicio del tamizaje, que en aquellas con edades de 40 a 49 años al inicio del tamizaje. El artículo también describe investigaciones realizadas sobre programas de tamizaje emprendidos más recientemente en Suecia, Países Bajos, Gran Bretaña, y Canadá, y revisa los hallazgos que refuerzan los resultados del proyecto del HIP. Se da información sobre las políticas y normas que están siendo adoptadas en muchos países en cuanto a las modalidades, frecuencia, y edades que deben ser incluídas en los programas de tamizaje.
    Notes: Abstract This article begins with a summary of the methods and results of the first randomized, controlled trial conducted to test the efficacy of periodic screening in reducing breast cancer mortality. The study was started in December, 1963 and the final phases of follow-up to determine the screening's long-term effect ended in 1986. Over 60,000 women aged 40–64 years, who were members of the Health Insurance Plan of Greater New York (HIP), were assigned at random to either a study group or a control group. The study group was offered screening examinations consisting of mammography and a clinical examination of the breast. About 67% accepted the invitation for an initial screening; a large proportion returned for 3 reexaminations at annual intervals. The control group continued to receive their usual medical care. By 10 years from entry, breast cancer deaths were reduced 30% among the study group women; over the long run of 18 years from entry, the decrease was 23–24%. The benefit from screening was found to be more certain among women who were over 50 years of age at the start of screening than among those aged 40–49 years. This article also describes research on efficacy of breast cancer screening started more recently in Sweden, the Netherlands, United Kingdom, and Canada, and reviews available findings which reinforce the results of the HIP project. Information is given on policies and guidelines being adopted in many countries regarding modalities, frequency, and ages to be included in breast cancer screening programs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
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  • 5
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    Unknown
    Washington, D.C. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Social Security Bulletin. 37:12 (1974:Dec.) 3 
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  • 6
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Washington, D.C. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Social Security Bulletin. 37:12 (1974:Dec.) 3 
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  • 7
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    Unknown
    New York, N.Y. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of community health. 2:2 (1976:Winter) 92 
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of community health 2 (1976), S. 92-106 
    ISSN: 1573-3610
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Children in low-income, inner-city households who used different sources of ambulatory care were analyzed with regard to their experiences in securing preventive and episodic illness care. This analysis is derived from a larger study that investigated the utilization of health care systems by groups within an inner-city community; it focused on the Outpatient Department of a large teaching hospital and on the impact of a new Health Maintenance Organization (HMO). Data were obtained through household interviews of three sample populations: enrollees in an HMO, residents of a public housing project, and persons from the general community. When preventive health care was examined, our findings showed that, while the majority of children of school age were immunized, only about half of the children under age 6 were. Among children aged 3 through 5, those attending day care centers were more likely to be immunized than those not in such programs. There were indications that children using the HMO were more frequently receiving preventive services, particularly general physical examinations. There was no relationship between the usual source of care, or day care participation, and whether a child received care for an episode of illness. There were differences by age and usual source of care in seeking care for earaches and in receiving regular care for asthma. The patterns of health care utilization found in this study promote interest in the influence of the source of ambulatory care for children in other socioeconomic groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of community health 6 (1980), S. 6-17 
    ISSN: 1573-3610
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In 1975, the Johns Hopkins Medical house staff was reorganized into four Firms. Each Firm provides inpatient and outpatient care to a group of patients. Two of the goals of the reorganization were to improve accessibility and continuity of care. This study, based on a before and after research design utilizing routinely collected data, sought to determine whether these goals had been attained. Accessibility was assessed by observing changes in waiting time for appointments, broken appointments, and number of patients seen before their scheduled appointments. The results showed that mean waiting time for a Medical Clinic appointment fell from 15 days to 1 day (p〈0.01); broken appointments for new patients fell from 54% to 34% (p〈0.01); no significant changes occurred in broken appointments for old clinic patients (34% vs 32%); and patients seen before their scheduled appointments increased from 30% to 38% (p〈0.001). Continuity was assessed by observing changes in use of emergency and walk-in clinic services, the proportion of Medical Clinic patients lost to follow-up care, the proportion of hospital readmissions returning to the same nursing unit, and the proportion of patients discharged from the hospital who returned to the Medical Clinic. The results showed that use of emergency and walk-in clinic services fell slightly, from 24% of all visits before to 22% of all visits after the Firm System (p〈0.001); no change occurred in the proportion of patients lost to Medical Clinic follow-up (21% before and after the Firm System); the proportion of hospital readmissions returning to the same nursing unit increased from 35% to 73% (p〈0.005); and the proportion of patients discharged from the hospital who returned to the Medical Clinic increased from 21% to 35% (p〈0.001). These data suggest that implementing the Firm System led to improvement in several selected aspects of accessibility and continuity of care but that further improvements could be made.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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