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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ammonium-nitrogen metabolism and nitrogen fixation in azotobacter vinelandii (1987)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 7 (1987), S. 555-562 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The probable effect of increasing levels of ammonium nitrogen on the growth, efficiency of nitrogen fixation, and main cellular constituents of Azotobacter vinelandii was studied under shaking and static culture conditions.The presence of NH4+-N up to 50 mgl-1 level has no harmful effect on the multiplication as well as the yield efficiency ratio of the tested organism. A. vinelandii was able to fix dinitrogen in the presence of NH4+-N when both nitrogen sources were available in the culturing medium. The efficiency of nitrogen fixation was affected by the initial presence of NH4+-N in the medium, it was quite low at the highest level. The crude protein efficiency ratio was correlated inversely with the initial NH4+-N concentration, whereas the total carbohydrate efficiency ratio as well as the total lipid efficiency ratio were positively correlated with the NH4+-N concentration. The presence of NH4+-N in the culturing medium has no essential influence on the qualitative composition of the amino acids in the Azotobacter cells.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370070617
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of ensiling on the nutritive value of low quality roughage rice hulls. I. Microbial studies (1990)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 10 (1990), S. 419-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Rice hulls were ensiled in laboratory silos in two separate experiments with the same treatments. In the first, sealing was delayed for a period of days. In the second experiment, silos were sealed immediately after filling. In each experiment, four treatments were applied, namely control, molasses 2% added, urea 0.5% added, and molasses 2% + urea 0.5% added.Lactobacilli, streptococci, and coliforms appear to form the main bulk of the flora characteristic of fresh rice hulls, while the lactic acid bacteria dominate at the commencement of the silage ripening. The characteristics of 30 representative pure strains of both lactic acid and coliform bacteria isolated from rice hulls laboratory silage are described. On the basis of morphological, cultural, and biochemical characteristics, the isolated cultures were identified as ten strains of Lactobacillus ten strains of Streptococcus, five strains of Klebsiella, and five strains of Escherichia.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370100508
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of ensiling on the nutritive value of low quality roughage rice hulls. II. Chemical studies (1992)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 12 (1992), S. 99-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The sequence of the effects of delayed and immediate sealed silos as well as the role of nutrient additives such as molasses and/or urea in the ensiling process of rice hulls and the subsequent nutritive value of the product has been shown.There were considerable variations in the chemical constituents during the ensiling of rice hulls among the different treatments under both delayed and immediate sealed silos. In all cases, when compared with the controls, the crude protein, soluble sugars, lactic acid, and fat contents were markedly increased, while the carbohydrate polymers and silica contents were significantly decreased. It was concluded that the treatment of rice hulls + 2% molasses for two months ensiling period under anaerobic conditions can be considered as the optimum conditions for the production of good quality silage from the low grade roughages rice hulls. Changes in pH values also confirmed the improving effect of the combination of molasses addition and the immediate sealing of the silos.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370120207
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical studies on the effect of various carbon sources on growth, nitrogen fixtion, and main cellular constituents of azotobacter vinelandii, strain IV grown under various cultivation conditions (1987)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 7 (1987), S. 361-369 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The accessibility of different carbon compounds to Azotobacter vinelandii and the productivity of nitrogen fixation were studied under static and shaking culture conditions. The nature of the carbon source applied was found to affect the yield of bacterial mass and nitrogen metabolism of the tested organism. On the basis of the efficiency of dinitrogen fixation and the yield efficiency ratio it was obvious that (sucrose + mannitol) as a source of carbon is optimum for both growth and dinitrogen fixation by A. vinelandii grown under static and shaking culture conditions. Furthermore, it was found that the highest crude protein efficiency ratio (14.6) and total carbohydrates efficiency ratio (4.3) were obtained with (sucrose + mannitol) as energy source for this organism under shaking culture condition. The experimental organism is able to convert the soluble nitrogenus substances present in molasses into more complex protein as well as to utilize the molasses as a source of energy for the fixtion of atmospheric nitrogen. The tested organism was unable to utilize sodium salicylate as the sole source of carbon.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370070417
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sorption of penicillium-cellulase on cellulose and lignin (1984)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 4 (1984), S. 267-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Sorption of Penicillium cellulase onto cotton linters samples differing in physical structure and onto KLASON- lignin from spruce has been investigated by determining cellobiase, CMCL- and ‘linters-activity’ as well as protein content of a cellulase culture filtrate before and after contact with the sorbent at different temperature for different time intervals. CMCL- and cellobiase-activity were found to be reduced much less by the sorption process onto the cellulose samples than ‘linters-activity’ and protein content. Sorption increased in the order: untreated linters 〈 mercerized linters 〈 wet fibrillated (‘colloidal milled’) linters. With the KLASON-lignin also a considerable sorption of the cellulase system was observed. Results are discussed with respect to preferential sorption of enzyme components.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370040308
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ammonium-nitrogen assimilation and nitrogen fixation in azospirillum lipoferum and azospirillum brasilense (1990)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 10 (1990), S. 411-417 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effect of ammonium nitrogen on the growth and efficiency of nitrogen fixation by A. lipoferum and A. brasilense grown under various growth conditions was investigated.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370100506
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and dinitrogen fixation by azospirillum, species grown under various growth conditions (1990)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 10 (1990), S. 329-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effect of strain specificity, various culturing conditions, and incubation periods on the growth and efficiency of dinitrogen fixation by A. lipoferum and A. brasilense, grown in semisolid N2 malate medium was investigated.The properties of the particular strain markedly affected the proliferation as well as the nitrogen gains of Azospirillum in either growth condition. In A. lipoferum strain 1244 and A. brasilense strrain 1771 the multiplication rates were much higher, the counts reaching 7 × 106 and 9 × 106 cells/ml after 15 days in case of 50/300 ml growth condition, associated with high nitrogen gains reaching 99.8 and 114.3 mgl-1, while in A. lipoferum strain 8670 and A. brasilense strain 5677 the counts were 6 × 105 and 2 × 106 cells/ml after both the same period and growth condition, associated with low nitrogen gains, reaching 62.5 and 69.6 mgl-1, i. e., the amounts of nitrogen fixed is usually linked to cell proliferation. The microbial activity in both nitrogen fixation and oxidation of carbonaceous material is directly reflected on the efficiency of dinitrogen fixation. In all treatments the efficiency of N2-fixation generally increased markedly with time. In A. lipoferum strains 1244 and 8670 the efficiency of N2-fixation was 118.5 and 107.4 in case of 50/100 ml growth condition after 20 days, while in A. brasilense strains 1771 and 5677 the corresponding figures were 126.5 and 115.4. The response of the available oxygen was linked to the growth conditions, accordingly, the efficiency of N2-fixation increased by 4.4% & 8.8% in case of A. lipoferum strains 1244 and 8670, and 11.0% & 9.8% in case of A. brasilense strains 1771 and 5677 as a result of increasing the surface area: depth ratio by altering the volume of medium in the experimental flasks.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370100404
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