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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth Enhancement in Transgenic Atlantic Salmon by the Use of an “All Fish” Chimeric Growth Hormone Gene Construct (1992)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Company
    Nature biotechnology 10 (1992), S. 176-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] We have developed an “all fish” growth hormone (GH) chimeric gene construct by using an antifreeze protein gene (AFP) promoter from ocean pout linked to a chinook salmon GH cDNA clone. After microinjection into fertilized, nonactivated Atlantic salmon eggs via the micropyle, transgenic ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0292-176
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antifreeze proteins in the urine of marine fish (1989)
    Springer
    Fish physiology and biochemistry 6 (1989), S. 121-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: kidney ; peptides ; freeze-resistance ; Pseudopleuronectes sp. ; Hemitripes sp. ; Macrozoarces sp. ; Gadus sp.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Several species of marine teleosts have evolved blood plasma antifreeze polypeptides which enable them to survive in ice-laden seawater. Four distinct antifreeze protein classes differing in carbohydrate content, amino acid composition, protein sequence and secondary structure are currently known. Although all of these antifreezes are relatively small (2.6–33 kd) it was generally thought that they were excluded from the urine by a variety of glomerular mechanisms. In the present study antifreeze polypeptides were found in the bladder urine of winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus), sea raven (Hemitripterus americanus), ocean pout (Macrozoarces americanus) and Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Since the plasma of each of these fish contains a different antifreeze class it would appear that all four classes of antifreeze can enter the urine. The major antifreeze components in the urine of winter flounder were found to be identical to the major plasma components in terms of high performance liquid chromatography retention times and amino acid composition. It is concluded that plasma antifreeze peptides need not be chemically modified before they can enter the urine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01875484
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antifreeze proteins in the grubby sculpin, Myoxocephalus aenaeus and the tomcod, Microgadus tomcod: comparisons of seasonal cycles (1987)
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 18 (1987), S. 295-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Cottidae ; Gadidae ; Boreal teleosts ; Thermal hysteresis ; Freezing resistance ; Long Island
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis Antifreeze protein levels in the plasma of the grubby sculpin, Myoxocephalus aenaeus and the tomcod, Microgadus tomcod of Long Island coastal waters start to increase by November in anticipation of midwinter freezing conditions. Peak levels of antifreeze, as measured by the difference in plasma melting and freezing points, were detected in January for both species. The thermal hysteresis values reached 0.459°C in sculpin and 0.51°C in tomcod. Antifreeze peptides and glycopeptides start to disappear when water temperatures begin to rise and are at insignificant levels by late spring. Aspects of the seasonal cycle and the level of antifreeze activity were compared in three sympatric species (sculpin, tomcod, flounder); in two closely related but ecologically distinct gadids (tomcod, Atlantic cod); and within the genus Myoxocephalus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00004882
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liver-specific and seasonal expression of transgenic Atlantic salmon harboring the winter flounder antifreeze protein gene (1999)
    Springer
    Transgenic research 8 (1999), S. 405-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9368
    Keywords: transgenic salmon ; transgene inheritance ; gene expression ; antifreeze protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We have analyzed the inheritance and expression of a line of transgenic salmon harboring the antifreeze protein gene from the winter flounder. The genomic clone 2A-7 coding for a major liver-type antifreeze protein gene (wflAFP-6) was integrated into the salmon genome. From a transgenic founder (# 1469), an F3 generation was produced. In this study, southern blot analysis showed that only one copy of the antifreeze protein transgene was integrated into a unique site in F3 transgenic fish. The integration site was cloned and characterized. Northern analysis indicated that the antifreeze protein mRNA was only expressed in the liver and showed seasonal variation. All of the F3 offspring contained similar levels of the antifreeze protein precursor protein in the sera and the sera of these offspring showed a characteristic hexagonal ice crystal pattern indicating the presence of antifreeze activity. In addition, the antifreeze protein precursor protein level was found to vary with the season, being highest in the month of November and lowest in May. This study had demonstrated a tissue-specific and stable expression of the antifreeze protein transgene in the F3 generation of the transgenic salmon 1469 line.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008900812864
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