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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A randomised comparison of oral misoprostol and vaginal prostaglandin E2 tablets in labour induction at term (2004)
    Oxford, UK and Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    BJOG 111 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective  To compare the efficacy of 100 μg of oral misoprostol with 3 mg prostaglandin E2 vaginal tablets in term labour induction.Design  A non-blinded, randomised, controlled trial.Setting  A tertiary level, teaching Scottish Hospital.Population  Two hundred women at term with indications for labour induction and modified Bishop's cervical score of less than 8.Methods  The women were randomly allocated to receive either 100 μg of misoprostol orally (which could be repeated 4 hourly to a maximum of five doses if indicated), or a 3 mg tablet of prostaglandin E2 vaginally (which could be repeated in 6 hours, according to routine departmental protocol).Main outcome measure  The number delivering vaginally within 24 hours of the induction.Results  Seventy-five women delivered vaginally in the misoprostol group and 73 in the PGE2 group. Of these, 50.7% in the misoprostol group and 54.8% in the PGE2 group delivered within 24 hours of the induction (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.7 to 1.3). More women in the misoprostol group were given oxytocin, but this was not statistically significant (60%vs 47%, RR 1.3, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.7). Two women in the misoprostol group had uterine hyperstimulation. The neonatal outcomes were not significantly different in the two groups. There was a £1100 saving on direct drug costs in the misoprostol group.Conclusions  Oral misoprostol (100 μg) has similar efficacy to vaginal PGE2 tablets, and may be an option to consider for term labour induction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00107.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Active management of term prelabour rupture of membranes with oral misoprostol (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    BJOG 109 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To compare the active management of term prelabour rupture of membranes with oral misoprostol with conservative management for 24 hours followed by induction with oxytocin or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) gel.Design A non-blinded randomised controlled trial.Setting Induction and labour wards, Aberdeen Maternity Hospital.Population Sixty-one women with confirmed prelabour rupture of the membranes at ≥36 weeks of gestation.Methods The women were randomised to 50 μg of oral misoprostol repeated every 4 hours, if required, to a maximum of five doses (active group), or to induction of labour with PGE2 gel or oxytocin only if not in spontaneous labour 24 hours after prelabour rupture of membranes (conservative group).Main outcome measures Number of women in active labour within 24 hours of the prelabour rupture of membranes, preference of women for any one particular method of management in any subsequent pregnancy with prelabour rupture of membranes.Results 93.3% of the active group and 54.8% of the conservative group were in spontaneous labour within 24 hours of the prelabour rupture of membranes (RR 1.7, 95% CI 1.2 to 2.4). Of those achieving a vaginal delivery, 72% of the active group did so within 24 hours of the prelabour rupture of membranes as compared with 26.9% of the conservative group (RR 2.7, 95% CI 1.4 to 5.3, P= 0.002). There were no significant differences in the neonatal or maternal outcomes. In the active group, 78% felt they would have the same method of induction as compared with 40% in the conservative group (RR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.3, P= 0.03).Conclusions Active management with oral misoprostol resulted in more women going into labour and delivering within 24 hours of the prelabour rupture of membranes with no increase in maternal or neonatal complications. Women tended to view active management of prelabour rupture of membranes more positively. Oral misoprostol might be an option to consider in those wishing active management.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-0528.2002.02082.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correspondence (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cytopathology 10 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2303
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2303.1999.00204.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multicentre randomized-controlled clinical trial of Ipocol, a new enteric-coated form of mesalazine, in comparison with Asacol in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 21 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : 5-Aminosalicylates remain important in the treatment of ulcerative colitis, but it is uncertain if the various preparations currently available are equivalent given the different delivery systems that exist. Generic prescription of mesalazine (mesalamine) is therefore inappropriate. Ipocol has recently become available as an alternative to Asacol-MR.Aim : To compare the two agents in a controlled trial using a non-inferiority design.Methods : Eighty-eight ulcerative colitis patients with a mild to moderate clinical relapse were randomized to one of the two drugs at a daily dose of 2.4 g for 8 weeks. Safety was the key concern; the primary measured end-point was efficacy as judged from a colitis activity index.Results : There were no unexpected adverse events of clinical consequence. The colitis score improved similarly in both patient groups (by 2.3 with Ipocol and by 1.5 with Asacol: not significant), and a similar proportion was in clinical remission at the end of the study (26.1% for Ipocol and 28.6% for Asacol: not significant). Systemic steroids were needed in 11.9% of the Asacol-treated patients compared with 6.5% with Ipocol (not significant).Conclusion : It appears appropriate to conclude that, while not identical to Asacol-MR, Ipocol offers a safe and similarly effective alternative.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02442.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kynureninase-type enzymes and the evolution of the aerobic tryptophan-to-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide pathway
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    BBA - Enzymology 482 (1977), S. 453-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 0005-2744
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0005-2744(77)90259-5
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Complexometric titration of thallium(III), by use of 4-amino-5-mercapto-3-propyl-1,2,4-triazole as replacing reagent
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Talanta 35 (1988), S. 721-722 
    Details
    ISSN: 0039-9140
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0039-9140(88)80168-1
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Complexometric determination of cadmium using 2-Mercaptoethanol as masking reagent (1998)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 130 (1998), S. 103-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: cadmium determination ; complexometry ; masking ; 2-mercaptoethanol ; EDTA titration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A complexometric method for the determination of cadmium(II) in presence of other metal ions is described based on the selective masking ability of 2-mercaptoethanol towards cadmium(II). Cadmium and other ions in a given sample solution are initially complexed with excess of EDTA and the surplus EDTA is titrated with lead nitrate solution at pH 5.0–6.0 (hexamethylentetramine), using xylenol orange as indicator. A known excess of 2-mercaptoethanol solution (10% alcoholic) is then added, the mixture is shaken well and the released EDTA from the Cd-EDTA complex is titrated against standard lead nitrate solution. The interferences of various ions are studied and the method is applied to the determination of cadmium in its complexes. Reproducible and accurate results are obtained for 3.5–25mg of Cd with relative errors ≤ 0.65% and standard deviations ≤ 0.06 mg.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01254597
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) and ANA Profile Tests in Children with Autoimmune Disorders: A Retrospective Study (2000)
    Springer
    Clinical rheumatology 19 (2000), S. 200-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Key words:Antinuclear antibody (ANA) – ANA profile – Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) – Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The study objective was to determine the clinical value of positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) and ANA profile tests in children with autoimmune disorders. A retrospective chart review was carried out of all patients under 18 years of age with a positive ANA test (HEp-2 cell substrate, titre ≥1:40) and ANA profile (ELISA) referred to the paediatric rheumatology service at the authors” institution between 1992 and 1996. Of 245 children with a positive ANA test, 134 (55%) had an autoimmune disease, including juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (n = 49), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (n = 40) and others (n = 45). The remaining 111 patients did not have identifiable autoimmune diseases. Patients with autoimmune disorders had significantly higher ANA titres of ≥1:160 (χ2= 16, P〈0.0001). In addition, of the 245 patients with a positive ANA test, 86 had an ANA profile performed; this was positive in 32 and negative in 54. All 32 patients with a positive ANA profile (100%) had an autoimmune disorder, compared to 22 ( 41%) of 54 with a negative ANA profile who had autoimmune disorders. Of 22 SLE patients with a positive ANA profile, 16 (73%) had positive anti-dsDNA and 15 (68%) had positive anti-Sm and positive anti-RNP. A positive ANA profile correlated strongly with an ANA titre ≥1:640 (χ2= 5.7 , P〈0.02). The study demonstrated that only 55% of children with a positive ANA test had a definitive diagnosis of autoimmune disorder. These children tend to have higher ANA titres of ≥1:160. However, a positive ANA profile was strongly correlated with an ANA titre ≥1:640 and highly indicative of an autoimmune disorder (100%). We suggest that in order to reduce cost, an ANA profile should not be performed on all patients with positive ANA, but reserved for those with an ANA titre of ≥1:640 and/or those with a high clinical index of suspicion for autoimmune disorder, especially SLE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100670050156
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of strain and stage of development on three enzymes in the tryptophan to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide pathway of mice (1978)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 124 (1978), S. 189-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In an attempt to obtain an animal model to study the carcinogenicity and toxicity of the endogenously synthesized orthoaminophenols L-3-hydroxykynurenine and 3-hydroxyanthranilate, ten inbred strains of mice were examined with respect to sex, stage of development, and strain variability for differences in hepatic levels of activity of kynurenine formamidase, hydroxykynureninase, and hydroxyanthranilate oxygenase. No significant differences for these three enzymes were found between males and females. Kynurenine formamidase and hydroxykynureninase increased in activity five-to tenfold from birth to maturity (∼30 days), whereas hydroxyanthranilate oxygenase remained at a constant high level of activity (300 to 1500 times that of hydroxykynureninase) throughout this period. Genetic regulation of kynurenine formamidase was indicated by the finding that when a strain with high activity was crossed to a strain with low activity, the F1 hybrid had an intermediate level of activity. Some differences in activity among strains were found for hydroxykynureninase, but it remains to be seen whether these differences may also be genetically determined. No significant differences in the level of activity were found among strains for hydroxyanthranilate oxygenase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00689180
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