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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 94 (1991), S. 4726-4740 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In Part I of this paper, we started from a dipole array model of elastic light scattering, and found the longwave asymptotic formulas for all 16 elements of the orientation averaged Mueller scattering matrix. However, the Perrin symmetry of the scattering matrix was not obvious from the formulas obtained in Part I. In this paper, Part II, we carry the analysis further, finding the molecular parameter identities which result in the Perrin symmetries. The formulas we present provide a very practical method for model calculations in the longwave limit. After evaluation of ten sums over pairs of the dipolar subunits of the model, the orientation averaged Mueller scattering matrix, as a function of scattering angle, is given by simple trigonometric polynomials. For models containing several hundred subunits the computation is easily carried through by a desktop computer. We verify the asymptotic formulas by numerical comparison with our analytic orientation averaging program PMAT2. We use a helical model with spherical subunits, in which the first Born approximation gives excellent results for the dipole elements (symmetry DSE). In this same model the first, second, and third Born approximations are utterly worthless for calculating the helicity-retardation elements M13 and M23 and their transposes, but fourth Born gives nearly the exact result. These observables therefore use four bounces to feel out the helicity of the array, and may be more sensitive to structural variations than the traditional circular difference observable M14, which responds after only two bounces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 96 (1992), S. 7394-7401 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We consider the scattering of light from a molecule or a cluster. The scattering may be elastic or inelastic, but we limit ourselves to the special case of transitions from initial states having total angular momentum number J=0 to final states also having J=0. In practice, this covers elastic scattering from clusters as the rotational temperature drops toward absolute zero. This hypothesis allows us to do the orientation average at the amplitude level, a method fundamentally incorrect in the general case. Without approximation, we are able to deduce the pattern of the observable Mueller matrix M of the scattering. We find a new symmetry that reflects the spherical nature of the J=0 states: M11+M33=M22+M44. This result includes all multipole orders of the scattered light, and is therefore valid for clusters large compared to wavelength, as well as for small clusters. In an Appendix, we discuss a new generating function for orientation averages, which allows one to make exact tensor averages weighted by two plane waves (for scattering, one incoming and one outgoing).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 96 (1992), S. 8086-8094 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We present a central multipole calculation of the effect of a static magnetic field on nonresonant elastic scattering by an isotropic solution of molecules that are small compared to wavelength. Results are presented as perturbations to the observable Mueller scattering matrix. It is particularly interesting that perturbations appear in the six retardation elements of the matrix because these are otherwise exactly zero. The perturbation formulas for the whole matrix yield a number of relations that are empirically testable without prior knowledge of central multipole tensors α˜, G˜, and A˜ or their magnetic field derivatives.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 93 (1990), S. 5605-5615 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Starting from a dipole array theory of elastic light scattering by particles of arbitrary shape and composition, we develop long-wave asymptotic formulas for all sixteen elements of the Mueller scattering matrix, valid after orientation averaging. The six dipole elements have long been known to be asymptotically proportional to k4 where k is the wave vector length of the light. However, the remaining ten nondipole elements experience intricate cancellations within the averaging operation that cause the asymptotic behavior to go like k5, k8, or k9; or at certain angles, like k6. For example, we show that (M34)=Ck9 sin2(θ), where C is a constant dependent on particle properties, and θ is the scattering angle. We find analogous simple angular basis functions for all 16 of the formulas and we show that they agree with numerical results from the exact algorithm. We contrast dipole array theory with central multipole expansion theory, which fails to account correctly for six of the Mueller elements, no matter how many multipoles are used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 103 (1995), S. 3166-3183 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have derived a generalized one-dimensional time-independent nonlinear Schrödinger equation for the stationary state configurations of supercoiled DNA, based on an elastic rod model which includes deformations of bending, twisting, shear, and extension. Closed-form solutions for the axis of DNA have been obtained in terms of elliptic functions and elliptic integrals. These solutions describe the stationary state configurations of supercoiled DNA. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 101 (1994), S. 5186-5200 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have derived a time-independent, one-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation for the stationary state configurations of supercoiled DNA. The effect of DNA self-contact has been included analytically. For the cases of non-self-contact and periodic boundary conditions, closed-form solutions have been obtained which describe the stationary state configurations of supercoiled DNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 101 (1994), S. 3459-3463 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We show that no experiment involving parity can measure the left–right coherence of a state ||ψ〉=aL||L〉+eicursive-phiaR||R〉 if sin cursive-phi is zero and ||L〉 and ||R〉 are real mirror images of one another. We then exhibit a number of experiments in elastic linear light scattering which provide all-or-none measurements of left–right coherence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 105 (1996), S. 714-731 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have developed a new statistical mechanical theory for wormlike chains and elastic rods which will account for deformations of bending, twisting, shear, and axial extension/stretching. We have derived a Fokker–Planck equation for Green's function. We have also obtained an exact expression for the mean square end-to-end distance. Our new theoretical model is the most general statistical mechanical model for wormlike chain polymers available to date. The Kratky–Porod wormlike chain and the Yamakawa–Fujii helical wormlike chain models are found to be special cases of this new model. This new theory may provide deeper understanding of recent experimental data regarding overstretching single DNA molecules. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 98 (1993), S. 1695-1711 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We present a closed-form solution to the problem of elastic light scattering by a randomly oriented ensemble of cylinders of finite length. All the Mueller scattering matrix elements are calculated, so the solution is complete in the sense that all possible polarization effects are treated. The cylinders are assumed to be made of an isotropic material, which may be transparent or absorbing. Cylinder radius a and length L must obey a≤λmed/2π≤L, where λmed is the wavelength in the supporting fluid medium. Our solution includes all multipole effects due to the length of the cylinder, as well as all internal reflections at the boundary between the cylinder and the supporting medium. Nonzero values of the retardation elements M34 and M43 may be caused either by retardative internal reflections, or by absorption, or both. These elements are easily observable in experiments on scattering by rod-like viruses, but are completely missing in theories that ignore retardative contributions to the scattered amplitude. The curve M34(θ) is affected strongly in distinct ways by rod length, by index of refraction, and by absorptivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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