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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 5903-5905 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ultrafine nickel particles have intriguing physical and chemical properties, which are interesting both in fundamental and applied research. The size of the particle was controlled by gas pressure. X-ray diffraction studies showed that fine Ni particles have fcc crystal structure and are coated with thin Ni oxide on the surface. Electron micrographs showed a spherical particle shape, forming a long chain. Size dependence of magnetic properties were studied. The specific magnetic moment drastically decreases when reducing the diameter d of particles 〈15 nm. The coercivity Hc also approaches zero when d is about 15 nm. Therefore, we can suppose that the critical size for superparamagnetism at room temperature is about 15 nm. According to the superparamagnetic formula KV=25 kT, the value of the magnetic anisotropy constant can be determined, K = −5.8 × 105 (erg/cc). It is found to be larger than bulk Ni [K=−3.4–5.1 × 104 (erg/cc)], the same as Fe particles. The maximum of coercivity at room temperature is about 250 Oe, that is less than the theory value for the coherent rotation model, Hc = 4 K/3Ms=1600 Oe. The mechanism of reversal magnetization can be understood by the sphere chain model. The critical diameter of the single domain is about 65 nm. Curie temperature Tc obviously decreases for 9-nm average diameter particles rather than bulk. It may be in connection with the lattice contraction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 111 (1999), S. 3787-3790 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method to construct an accurate potential energy surface (PES) by interpolation for a three-body reaction which is suitable for quantum dynamics studies is presented using Cl+H2→HCl+H as an example. Use of the exponential coordinates led to a significant improvement. Dynamics results, both classical and quantal, on the LEPS and LEPS-interpolated PESs were nearly indistinguishable. An accurate analytic PES can be constructed with the ab initio results also, as manifested with the PES contours. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 114 (2001), S. 10651-10661 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Exact three-dimensional time-dependent wave packet calculation for ozone photodissociation in the Hartley band has been carried out for total angular momentum J=0. Fully converged absorption spectrum, autocorrelation function, and O2(a 1Δg) photofragment rovibrational state distributions over wide range of wavelengths are obtained using the Sheppard–Walker potential energy surface (PES). Excellent agreements as well as some deviations have been found in comparison to the various experimental results. From these successes and failings, the ways for further improving the PES have been suggested, and the dynamics has been discussed in some detail in conjunction with time-dependent pictures of the wave packet. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The cytokine leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is up-regulated in glial cells after injury to the peripheral and central nervous systems. In addition, LIF is required for the changes in neuropeptide expression that normally occur when the axons of sympathetic and sensory neurons are transected. We investigated whether LIF is also necessary for the initial inflammatory response that follows mechanical injury to the sciatic nerve and cerebral cortex of adult mice. We find that inflammatory cell infiltration into crushed sciatic nerve is significantly slower in LIF knock-out (KO) mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice. Similarly, the microglial and astroglial responses to surgical injury of the cortex are significantly slower in LIF KO mice compared with WT mice. Consistent with these in vivo results, LIF is chemotactic for peritoneal macrophages in a microchamber culture assay. Thus, LIF is a key regulator of neural injury in vivo, where it is produced by glia and can act directly on neurons, glia and inflammatory cells. We also find that the initial inflammatory response to cortical injury is diminished in interleukin (IL)-6 KO mice. Surprisingly, however, the inflammatory response in LIF-IL-6 double KO mice is very similar to that of the single KO mice, suggesting that these cytokines may act in series rather than in parallel in this response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 51 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The rheological properties and microstructure of canned juices and pastes made from four tomato cultivars at three breaking temperatures of 85°, 96° and 107°C were studied. The apparent viscosities of tomato juices and pastes at a constant shear rate vary with cultivars and processing conditions. The hot break process produced a high viscosity product. The microstructure of tomato pastes and juices were related to their rheology. The microstructure of tomato juice and paste also vary with processing conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 51 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A microscope heating-stage and differential scanning calorimetry were used to characterize the gelatinization of lotus root starch and water chestnut starch. The effect of varying concentrations of different sugars on gelatinization temperature was also studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of food science & technology 37 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2621
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi starch and its components were characterized. Scanning electron microscopy of the starch granules showed they were oval and polygonal in shape. Centric birefringence was clearly observed when viewed under polarized light. The gelatinization temperature range was 61–64–70.5 °C. The iodine affinity value (4.12%) indicated an amylose content of 21.68%. Brabender amylograms showed a fairly high maximum viscosity and very low breakdown, indicating high hot stability of the viscosity. The starch underwent a single-stage swelling power pattern over one temperature range, and the solubility pattern paralleled the swelling power. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the starch showed a Ca-type crystallite. The gel chromatogram of the starch demonstrated the polydispersity of its molecular weight distribution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. 449-457 
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The crystal structure of a layered compound Sc2B1.1C3.2, scandium boride carbide (Mr = 140.43), has been re-refined as a commensurate composite crystal using 1795 single-crystal X-ray diffraction intensities with I 〉 2\sigma(I) collected by Shi, Leithe-Jasper, Bourgeois, Bando & Tanaka [(1999), J. Solid State Chem. 148, 442–449]. The crystal is composed of two layered subsystem structures, i.e. Sc—C—Sc sandwiches and graphite-like layers of the composition B1/3C2/3. The structure refinement was performed in a five-dimensional formalism based on the trigonal superspace group P\bar{3}m1(p00)(0p0)0m0. The unit cell and other crystal data are a = b = 3.387 (1), c = 6.703 (2) Å, V = 66.59 (1) Å3, \boldsigma_{1} = (9/7 0 0), \boldsigma_{2} = (0 9/7 0), Z = 1, Dx = 3.501 Mg m−1. Two different three-dimensional sections through the superspace were analyzed, corresponding to two different superstructure models, one with P\bar{3}m1 and the other with P\bar{3}m1. A random distribution of B and C was assumed in the graphite-like layer and 41 structural parameters were introduced. RF/wRF} were 0.0533/0.0482 and 0.0524/0.0476, respectively, for the first and second models. Although the difference between these RF or wRF values was too fine to exclude one of the models definitely, the advantages of using a superspace group were obvious. It not only brought about better convergence of refinement cycles by virtue of fewer parameters, but also gave an insight into the problem of symmetry of the superstructure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 23 (1981), S. 209-210 
    ISSN: 0304-8853
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 359-360 (Nov. 2007), p. 414-419 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Ultrasonic vibration can reduce honing forces efficiently. As the honing wheel can bewashed by ultrasonic cavitations of cooling liquid, its jams are decreased and the higher honingefficiency has obtained. Therefore, the combination of ultrasonic machining and gear honing is amethod for gear fine machining with its wide application future. However, the gears with big diameterand thickness machined by ultrasonic honing are special loads, which influence the machiningfrequency of vibration system heavily. Hence, the horn and gear must be considered at the same timewhile designing the vibration system. In this paper, the frequency equations are derived according tostress match, wherein, the gear is considered as a thin disc and catenary horn is adopted. Then theinfluences of vibration of transformer that consists of horn and gear are investigated with the varietyof the horn length and the machining frequency. The theoretical analysis shows that the resonancefrequency of the horn and detune frequency of transformer have the different value. The results areproved by FEM, too
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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