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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Pancreatic islet ; Insulin ; Glucagon ; Ontogeny ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ontogenetic appearances of glucagon, insulin and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were immunohistochemically investigated on developing pancreatic islets of rats. Glucagon immunoreactivity appeared first in some epithelial cells (g-cells) of the dorsal anlage of the pancreas on day 11.5 of gestation. On day 12.5, g-cells increased in number manufacturing the primitive islets, in which some cells appeared to be immunoreactive for insulin (i-cells) and about 40% of g-cells indicated also a slight immunoreactivity for insulin (g/i-cells). Afterwards, all the islet cells, especially g-cells, increased in number, and almost half of g-cells were g/i-cells. After day 16.5 of gestation, numerical increase of the cells with insulin immunoreactivity exceeded that of the cells with glucagon immunoreactivity, and about one fifth of g-cells were g/i-cells. After 20.5 days, however, no g/i cells were found. On day 16.5 of gestation, the immunoreactivity for TH appeared in occasional cells of the islets, but the cells did not show immunoreactivity for glucagon or insulin. It is concluded that the progenitor cells of the pancreatic islets appear to synthesize both glucagon and insulin by day 20.5 of gestation, but differentiate giving rise to mature A and B cells of adult isoets afterward.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Diabetes ; Glucose tolerance ; Prediabetes ; Serum free fatty acids ; Serum insulin ; Tolbutamide response
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Resume Les AA. ont étudié les niveaux de la glycémie des acides gras libres et de l'insuline immunoréactive, après charge orale du glucose et injection intraveineuse de tolbutamide, chez 323 sujets normaux, suspects diabétiques et diabétiques. Les résultats ont relevé que chez les sujets potentiellement diabétiques et chez les diabétiques la réponse insulinogénique au glucose dure plus longtemps que chez les sujets normaux. On fait l'hypothèse que ce phénomène soit dû à la perte de sensibilité des cellules β, de cefeedback inhibiteur engagé par l'insuline elle même qui a été recemment demontré. La réponse insulinogénique à la tolbutamide et la réponse des NEFA à la tolbutamide et à l'insuline n'est d'aucun aide pour différencier les sujets prédiabétiques des sujets normaux. On n'a envisagée aucune relation significative entre le poids corporel et la réponse insulinémique au glucose.
    Abstract: Resumen En 323 individuos normales, potencialmente diabéticos y diabéticos, se han controlado los niveles de la glicemia, de los ácidos grasos libres y de la insulina inmunorreactiva, tras carga oral de glucosa e inyección endovenosa de tolbutamida. Los resultados indican que en los individuos diabéticos potencialmente y en los diabéticos, la reacción insulinogénica a la glucosa es de duración más larga que en los individuos normales. Se supone que ese fenómeno se deba a la pérdida de sensibilidad de las células β a esefeedback inhibidor inducido por la insulina misma recientemente demostrado. La reacción insulinogénica a la tolbutamida y de las FFA a la tolbutamida y a la insulina no ha servido para diferenciar los individuos prediabéticos de los normales. No se ha podido observar reacción significativa alguna entre el peso corpóreo y la reacción insulinogénica a la glucosa.
    Notes: Riassunto In 323 soggetti normali, potenzialmente diabetici e diabetici sono stati misurati i livelli della glicemia, degli acidi grassi liberi e dell'insulina immunoreattiva, dopo carico orale di glucosio ed iniezione endovenosa di tolbutamide. I risultati indicano che nei soggetti potenzialmente diabetici e nei diabetici la risposta insulinogenica al glucosio dura più a lungo che nei soggetti normali. Si ipotizza che questo fenomeno sia dovuto alla perdita di sensibilità delle cellule β delfeedback inibitore indotto dall'insulina stessa che è stato recentemente dimostrato. La risposta insulinogenica alla tolbutamide e la risposta dei FFA alla tolbutamide ed all'insulina non aiuta a differenziare i soggetti prediabetici dai soggetti normali. Non è stato riscontrato alcun significativo rapporto fra peso corporeo e risposta insulinemica al glucosio.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1777
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rat is an animal model for obese-type, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in humans. The OLETF rat has poor capacity for pancreatic proliferation, which may be the critical pathogenetic event in NIDDM development. Our investigation was designed to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) responsible for poor pancreatic proliferation by examining compensatory proliferation of the pancreatic remnant after partial pancreatectomy and performing a genome-wide scan in an F2 intercross obtained by mating the OLETF and the Fischer-344 (F344) rats. We identified a highly significant QTL on rat Chromosome 14 with a maximum lod score of 16.7, which accounts for 55% of the total variance. The QTL co-localizes with the gene encoding cholecystokinin type A receptor (CCKAR) which is likely to mediate the trophic effect of cholecystokinin on pancreas and is defective in the OLETF rat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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