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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activity-related changes in protein phosphorylation in an identifiedAplysia neuron (1985)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular neurobiology 5 (1985), S. 321-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6830
    Keywords: protein phosphorylation ; peptidergic neurons ; cyclic AMP ; phosphodiesterase inhibitor ; neuronal excitability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. The relationship between long-term electrical activity and protein phosphorylation was investigated in single, identifiable neurons in the abdominal ganglion ofAplysia californica by the intracellular injection of radiolabeled ATP followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) gel electrophoresis. 2. Natural and pharmacological treatments that alter the impulse activity of neurons L6 and R15 for prolonged periods did not appear to affect the phosphorylation of most of the 15 major phosphoproteins examined in these cells. 3. Long-term excitation of L6 induced by the phosphodiesterase inhibitor IBMX correlated with phosphorylation of a 29,000-dalton protein. Long-term inhibition of L6 induced by afterdischarge of peptidergic bag-cell neurons appeared to cause dephosphorylation of a 29,000-dalton protein. 4. Burst augmentation of R 15 induced by bag-cell afterdischarge did not cause detectable changes in the phosphorylation of the major proteins we examined. 5. These data are consistent with other studies of neural and nonneural tissues which have found a correlation between activity and the level of phosphorylation of a 29,000-dalton protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00755399
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immuno-Fluorescent analysis of follicular growth and development in whole ovaries of the Indianmeal moth (1991)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 209 (1991), S. 215-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The differentiation and growth of ovaries was analyzed using immuno-fluorescence microscopy and then correlated with the changes in the external morphology of female pupae during metamorphosis of the Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner). Fourteen developmental points coincident with a daily change in the light:dark cycle were chosen for observation to describe the progress of cuticular, ovarian, and follicular development during metamorphosis. Follicular structure was examined in whole mounts of ovaries using an immuno-fluorescent labelling technique. The growth of oocytes and nurse cell cap in terminal follicles was measured throughout ovarian development. A rapid increase in the relative size of the nurse cells began during the fourth scotophase and continued until the beginning of the sixth scotophase. Following the sixth scotophase, the relative size of the nurse cells decreased until they disintegrated prior to choriogenesis. Oocytes began to grow rapidly during the fifth scotophase, coincident with the initiation of vitellogenesis, and continued to grow until choriogenesis was initiated just after adult eclosion. The rate of follicular growth was related to the position of the follicle in the ovariole; the closer to the terminal position, the greater the rate of growth. Thus, at adult eclosion, each ovariole contained a linear array of follicles in progressive stages of development with the terminal follicles ready to begin choriogenesis.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052090208
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Termination of vitellogenesis in follicles of the moth, Plodia interpunctella: Changes in oocyte and follicular epithelial cell activities (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 29 (1995), S. 357-379 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: yolk proteins ; vitelline membrane ; immunofluorescent staining ; immunogold labeling ; Indianmeal moth ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The production and uptake of the follicular epithelium yolk protein (FEYP) is terminated coincident with the initiation of vitelline membrane synthesis in follicles of the Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner). This was determined by visualizing the cytolocalization of the FEYP subunits YP2 and YP4 using antisera to immunolabel ultrathin sections or whole-mounted ovaries. Both subunits of FEYP were detectable in the Golgi apparatus and associated secretory granules of the follicular epithelial cells (FC) in vitellogenic follicles. Before the follicles entered the terminal growth phase, the oocytes began production of specialized organelles, late yolk spheres. Following the appearance of late yolk spheres in the oocyte, the FC initiated the production of vitelline membrane proteins and the rapid clearance of YP2 from their cytoplasm. No YP2 was detected in the Golgi apparatus or in the secretory granules of FC from follicles in terminal growth phase, although YP4 was detected in these organelles. The vitelline membrane of follicles in termal growth phase was a bilayered structure with an electron-dense layer of vitelline membrane proteins that originated in the FC and an electron-translucent layer containing yolk proteins. During this period, late yolk spheres were observed fused with the oolemma exposing and possibly releasing their contents to the electron-translucent layer of the vitelline membrane. From this evidence, we suggest that during termination of vitellogenesis, the oocyte and FC work in concert to end uptake of yolk proteins and begin the synthesis of egg membranes, and that the oocyte contributes to the production of vitelline membrane by the release of previously sequestered yolk proteins. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940290404
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regional differentiation of fat bodies in larvae of the indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 12 (1989), S. 187-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: storage proteins ; lepidopteran ; mitochondria ; metamorphosis ; ultrastructure ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Larvae of the Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella, contain two morphologically distinct fat bodies. Tan-colored, highly tracheated fat body located posteriorly in the abdomen was the predominant fat body tissue during the early larval instars. White, sheet fat body located more anteriorly became the predominant type during the fifth (last) larval instar and eventually occupied most of the space of the hemocoel. Ultrastructural morphology of tan fat body showed the tissue to be composed of cells containing numerous, large, spherical mitochondria, with only few lipid, glycogen, or protein storage structures. In contrast, white fat body was composed of cells that in later larval stages had organelles typical of storage functions. Both fat bodies produced storage proteins during the late fifth instar, whereas only white fat body accumulated the storage proteins. Tan fat body dispersed and apparently autolyzed in pharate pupae, whereas the white fat body metamorphosed and persisted into the adult stage. These observations indicate that fat body of the Indianmeal moth is functionally and morphologically differentiated along the anterior-posterior axis into two regional subgroups of cells.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940120306
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vitellin and formation of yolk spheres in vitellogenic follicles of the moth, Plodia interpunctella (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 29 (1995), S. 71-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: oogenesis ; yolk proteins ; vitelline membrane ; immunofluorescent staining ; immunogold labeling ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Vitellin (Vt) was found not to be critical to the formation or structure of yolk spheres in oocytes of the moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner). Vitellogenic activities of the follicular tissues were determined by visualizing the immunocytolocalization of Vt subunits (YP1 and YP3) and of a follicular epithelium yolk protein (FEYP) subunit (YP2) in ultrathin sections or in whole-mounted tissues. Vitellogenin was detectable in the inter-follicular epithelial cell (FC) spaces of patent, vitellogenin follicles of normal females. When the follicles entered terminal growth phase, the inter-FC spaces closed equatorially around the follicle which excluded vitellogenin from that region. The closure of the spaces spread towards the poles in more mature follicles. Vt was immunolocalized to yolk spheres of vitellogenic and terminal growth phase oocytes. To examine the role of Vt in formation of yolk spheres, ovaries were transplanted into males. Vt was not detected in the inter-FC spaces, vitelline membrane, or yolk spheres of follicles from transplanted ovaries developing in males. However, the FEYP subunit YP2 was detected in the Golgi apparatus and secretory vesicles of columnar FC and in the yolk spheres of the oocytes from transplanted ovaries. During the late vitellogenic period, late yolk spheres appeared in the cortical region of the oocytes. In addition, YP2 was detected in the electron-translucent vitelline membrane of terminal growth phase follicles. We conclude that Vt is not required for the formation of yolk spheres or the electron-translucent layer of vitelline membrane. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940290107
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and analysis of the major yolk polypeptide from the Caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensa (loew) (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 9 (1988), S. 91-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: yolk protein ; vitellogenesis ; tephritids ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A single major yolk polypeptide (YP) having a molecular mass of approximately 48,000 daltons (Da), was identified in the ovaries and oviposited eggs of the Caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensa. The polypeptide was partially purified from oviposited eggs using gel permeation and ion-exchange chromatography. Analysis of YP synthesis in vivo and in tissues cultured in vitro indicated that the ovary was the major site of synthesis with very low levels of YP derived from the adult fat body. Using a monospecific polyclonal antiserum to 48 kDa YP in an immunoblot assay, low levels of vitellogenin were found in female hemolymph; slightly lower levels of an immunoreactive 48-kDa polypeptide were detectable in male hemolymph. Although YP synthesis was detectable within 12 h after eclosion, the major increase in YP accumulation occurred at 3-4 days posteclosion coincident with the initiation of observable yolk deposition. The physical characteristics of YP from A. suspensa were similar to YPs from other dipterans in terms of molecular mass and antigenicity, yet the tissue- and sex-specific regulation of the YP differed from other dipterans as well as most other insects.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940090203
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    “Reduced appendage”: A mutation affecting development of pupal and adult appendages of the moth, Plodia interpunctella (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 27 (1994), S. 179-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: imaginal discs ; morphogenesis ; metamorphosis ; disc evagination ; Indianmeal moth ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A mutant that results in the reduced length of pupal and adult appendages was isolated from a laboratory colony of the Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner). “Reduced appendage” (rda) was determined to be an autosomal recessive mutation that affects the development of pupal and adult appendages during the larval/pupal molt. The rda mutation had no observed effect on the larval phenotype. After pupation, the appendages of rda were reduced in size as compared with wild-type. In addition, unsclerotized cuticle underlying the pupal appendages was exposed and the establishment of the boundary between the unsclerotized and sclerotized pupal abdominal cuticle appeared normal even though the imaginal discs of rda did not evaginate normally. This demonstrates that rda affects only imaginal discs and that the morphogenesis of structures that were not derived from the imaginal discs were not dependent on interactions with evagination of imaginal discs. Although the rda phenotype resulted in shorter antennae, mouth parts, legs, and wings in pupae and adults, the mutation did not affect the number of cells comprising the imaginal discs or the pupal appendages. Cell counts showed that forewing imaginal discs and pupal forewings from the rda mutants contained the same number of cells as did the imaginal discs and wings from the wild-type strain. Thus, rda appears to affect processes related to disc evagination and not cell proliferation. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940270304
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ecdysteroids control vitellogenesis and egg maturation in pharate adult females of the Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 15 (1990), S. 183-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: juvenile hormone ; metamorphosis ; oocyte development ; in vitro translation ; yolk proteins ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Vitellogenesis occurs during the late pharate adult stage in the Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella. Repeated treatment of pharate adult females with doses of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20HE) from 10 to 250 ng per pupa suppressed oocyte growth and inhibited yolk protein accumulation in the oocytes. Treatment of the pharate adults with a biologically inactive ecdysteroid analogue, 22-isoecdysone, had no effect on egg maturation or yolk protein accumulation. The hormonal action of 20HE was not through the inhibition of the corpora allata or juvenile hormone levels, because treatment with a juvenile hormone analogue did not reverse the inhibition by 20HE treatment. Exposure of early vitellogenic ovaries to 20HE in organ cultures in vitro showed that 20HE had a direct effect on the ovarian synthesis of YP2. At 20HE concentrations below 10 nM, YP2 synthesis was minimal, at 10 nM 20HE YP2 synthesis was maximal, and at concentrations higher than 10 nM YP2 synthesis was suppressed to 35% of the maximal level. Synthesis of most other ovarian proteins remained constant with the changing 20HE concentrations. Ovarian RNA from treated females translated in a reticulocyte lysate demonstrated that the hormonal effect of 20HE on the ovarian tissues was on the specific accumulation of translatable YP2 transcript as well as transcripts for a few other polypeptides. This study shows that 20HE controls the rate of egg development during metamorphosis and that declining titers of 20HE regulate the expression of adult genes.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940150306
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Initiation of vitellogenesis in pharate adult females of the Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 21 (1992), S. 53-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: yolk proteins ; metamorphosis ; oocyte development ; follicle cell ; ecdysteroids ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Egg maturation in the Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner), is initiated during adult metamorphosis. The temporal sequence for the initiation of vitellogenin (Vg) synthesis in fat body, the accumulation of Vg in hemolymph, and the accumulation of yolk proteins in terminal follicles during adult development are described. On the basis of quantitation by rocket immunoelectrophoresis, the amount of Vg in hemolymph prior to 80 h after pupation was below 50 ng/μl hemolymph. At 83 h after pupation, Vg was detectable at 0.4 μg/μl hemolymph and increased to over 20 μg/μl within 24 h after adult eclosion. Using immunofluorescent histochemical staining for Vg subunit yolk polypeptide 1 (YP1), the production of Vg was observed to increase rapidly in fat body between 96 and 100 h after pupation. Western blot analysis showed that YP2 was the first YP to accumulate in terminal follicles appearing at 96 h after pupation while the other three major YPs were first observed at 116 h. These findings demonstrate that initiation of vitellogenesis in terminal follicles begins around 96 h after pupation and involves the temporal coordination of fat body and follicle activities that provide Vgs before terminal follicles achieve competency to accumulate yolk proteins. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940210106
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