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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differentiation of Tall Fescue Monosomic Lines Using RFLP Markers and Double Monosomic Analysis (1998)
    Springer
    Crop science 38 (1998), S. 221-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-0653
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Festuca arundinacea Schreb., 2n=6x=42) is a major cool-season pasture and turf grass with the genome constitution PPG1G1G2G2. Lack of aneuploid stocks hinders genetic studies in this important grass. The objective of this study was to characterize 23 fertile, embryo culture-derived, 'Kenwell' tall fescue monosomic lines by means of (i) RFLP markers, (ii) double monosomic analysis, and (iii) isozyme phenotypes of F1 progeny. Standard procedures were used for RFLP chemiluminescent detection, crossing, cytogenetic analyses, and obtaining isozyme banding patterns. Using RFLP markers, we ascertained that four monosomic lines were hemizygous for a P-genome marker and the 23 plants were placed into 17 groups based on plants having the same RFLP banding patterns. For double monosomic analysis, metaphase I chromosome pairing relationships were ascertained for 220 F1 progeny from 26 crosses among the monosomic lines. Five of the progeny were trisomic, 148 disomic, 60 monosomic lines. All of the 40-chromosome progeny were double monosomic plants, indicating the monosomes carried in the parents were not the same chromosome. Isozyme phenotypes were ascertained for 203 F1 progeny from crosses for double monosomic analysis which had both 42- and 41-chromosome progeny to determine if an isozyme locus mapped to the monosome from the female parent. A PGI-2 locus most likely mapped to one monosome. Double monosomic analysis provided evidence that at least four of the 21 possible tall fescue monosomic lines were obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chitinase Activity in Tall Fescue Seedlings as Affected by Cultivar, Seedling Development, and Ethephon (2000)
    Springer
    Crop science 40 (2000), S. 713-715 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-0653
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) may be selected for increased disease resistance with the use of a marker such as chitinase, a defense protein associated with disease resistance in tall fescue. The objective of this study was to determine if chitinase activity in tall fescue cultivars differs consistently across seedling stage, and to determine if chitinase activity could be increased with ethephon ([2-chloroethyl]phosphonic acid), a growth regulator used as a chemical elicitor. Ten cultivars of tall fescue were planted in a greenhouse, and seedlings were harvested at 14, 28, and 42 d after germination. Seedlings were treated with and without ethephon 3 d prior to each harvest. Foliage was analyzed for total and specific chitinase activity. Both total and specific chitinase activity differed (P 〈 0.01) among cultivars and seedling stages. Highest ranking cultivars expressed at least 16% more total chitinase activity and 18% more specific activity than the lowest ranking cultivars. Though chitinase activity changed drastically over seedling development, there were no cultivar × seedling stage interactions (P 〈 0.01) for total or specific activity. Ethephon increased total and specific activity only at the 0.06 and 0.07 probability level and was far less effective than biological elicitors used to increase chitinase in previous studies. We concluded that chitinase could serve as a consistent marker among tall fescue cultivars across seedling stages, but a more effective chemical elicitor would be desirable to increase chitinase activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic diversity of soybean germplasm resistant to Heterodera glycines (1999)
    Springer
    Euphytica 107 (1999), S. 205-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: cluster analysis ; genetic diversity ; Heterodera glycines ; PCA-RFLP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Information on the genetic background of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] germplasm resistant to Soybean Cyst Nematode (SCN) (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is essential for developing plant breeding strategies, however, pedigree information for SCN resistant germplasm is not always available. Using restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) to fingerprint different soybean lines is a useful means of determining genetic relationships and identifying unique genotypes. In this study, 102 soybean genomic probes with five different restriction enzymes were used to detect DNA variations and investigate genetic relationships among 56 soybean plant introductions (PIs) and cultivars. Among 510 probe/enzyme combinations, a total of 1707 hybridization bands were generated, of which 501 were polymorphic. A cluster dendrogram and a principal component analysis (PCA) plot diagram were constructed using DNA fingerprinting of the 56 soybean lines. Based on the clustering and PCA analyses, two major clusters comprising 15 groups were identified for the PIs and cultivars in the dendrogram. Reactions to different race isolates of SCN were distinguishable among different groupings of the clusters and PCA results, and various origins of the PIs and the pedigree information of the cultivars could be associated with the different clusters. Additional information on the appropriate number of probes used to detect genetic diversity more efficiently was elucidated through this research. We believe that the genetic relationships determined among these 56 soybean lines could provide useful information in identifying unique sources of genes for SCN resistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003689832710
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic and molecular characterization of resistance to Heterodera glycines race isolates 1, 3, and 5 in Peking (1997)
    Springer
    Euphytica 96 (1997), S. 225-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Glycine max ; Heterodera glycines ; inheritance ; molecular markers ; RFLPs ; soybean cyst nematode
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines Ichinohe, has caused severe damage to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] worldwide since its discovery in 1954. ‘Peking’ is one of the most important sources in breeding SCN resistant soybean cultivars because it is resistant to Races 1, 3, and 5. Genetic information on SCN Races 1, 3, and 5 from Peking is essential to efficiently develop resistant soybean cultivars. Resistance to Race 3 in Peking was found to be controlled by three genes, but little is known on the inheritance of resistance to Races 1 and 5, and whether alleles conditioning resistance to Races 1 and 5 belong to the same linkage group and are allelic to genes giving resistance to Race 3. To determine the genetic bases of resistance to SCN Races 1, 3, and 5, Peking was crossed to the susceptible line ‘Essex’ to generate F1 hybrids. The F2 population and F 2:3 families were advanced from the F1 and evaluated for resistance to SCN Race isolates 1, 3, and 5. Resistance to H. glycines Race isolates 1, 3, and 5 in Peking was found to be conditioned by three genes, one dominant and two recessive (Rhg, rhg, rhg). Peking may share similar sets of resistance loci between Races 1 and 3, but not between Races 3 and 5, or between Races 1 and 5.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1002996613227
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FISH and RFLP Marker-Assisted Introgression of Festuca mairei Chromosomes into Lolium perenne (1999)
    Springer
    Crop science 39 (1999), S. 1676-1679 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-0653
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Lolium perenne L.) with fescue (Festuca spp.) to create novel forage grasses containing both high forage quality and good drought tolerance. Difficulty in selecting true hybrids with alien chromatin or chromosome addition–substitution has been a major barrier in Festuca×Lolium breeding programs. In this investigation, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers were used to monitor transfer of Festuca mairei St. Yves chromosomes into L. perenne through intergeneric hybrids. Among 64 hybrid plants of the BC1G1 generation (intercrossed progeny of first backcross to L. perenne), chromosome addition and substitution of F. mairei were identified by FISH using total genomic DNA of F. mairei as a probe. Forty-two clones from a Pst I-genomic DNA library of F. arundinacea Schreb. were used to screen for the presence of F. mairei DNA in the hybrid plants. These RFLP probes rapidly identified presence of the F. mairei genome in F1, F2, BC1, but not in BC2 plants. In contrast, genomic FISH on meiotic cells effectively detected any F. mairei chromosomes as well as chromosomal pairing relationships in any hybrid. By monitoring and selectively introducing F. mairei chromosomes into ryegrass, these molecular markers may accelerate the Festuca×Lolium breeding for improvement of ryegrass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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